{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T13:41:46Z","timestamp":1790862106761,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004000","name":"Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Program key projects","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TSYC202401B207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TSYC202401B207"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004000","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32270199"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32270199"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010256","name":"Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025A03J3205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025A03J3205"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010256","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ijidonline.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T22:11:59Z","timestamp":1763590319000},"page":"108230","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Etiology and clinical characteristics of pathogen co-detection in pediatric Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia: A multicenter retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"162","author":[{"given":"Xufeng","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongke","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yating","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lifen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaolu","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asimuguli","family":"Wubuli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiqing","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fangxuan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riziwanguli","family":"Maitusong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuanggui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e330","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(23)00031-9","article-title":"Infection and co-infection patterns of community-acquired pneumonia in patients of different ages in China from 2009 to 2020: a national surveillance study","volume":"4","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1007\/s12519-022-00592-8","article-title":"Pathogenic changes of community-acquired pneumonia in a children\u2019s hospital in Beijing, China before and after COVID-19 onset: a retrospective study","volume":"18","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"World J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.854505","article-title":"The prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae among children in Beijing before and during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"12","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2024.2332680","article-title":"Mycoplasma pneumoniae at the rise not only in China: rapid increase of Mycoplasma pneumoniae cases also in Spain","volume":"13","author":"Urbieta","year":"2024","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0005","article-title":"Global spatiotemporal dynamics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae re-emergence after COVID-19 pandemic restrictions: an epidemiological and transmission modelling study","volume":"6","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268818000778","article-title":"Viral and bacterial co-infection in hospitalised children with refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia","volume":"146","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epidemiol infect"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0007","first-page":"5844","article-title":"Regional and annual patterns in respiratory virus co-infection etiologies and antibiotic prescriptions for pediatric Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia","volume":"26","author":"Sung","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-022-01914-y","article-title":"Comprehensive virome analysis of the viral spectrum in paediatric patients diagnosed with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia","volume":"19","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-022-02005-y","article-title":"Clinical significance of respiratory virus coinfection in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia","volume":"22","author":"Choo","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2020.106209","article-title":"Risk factors for the development of post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans after Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in the era of increasing macrolide resistance","volume":"175","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.01087-24","article-title":"Diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples for pathogen detection in children with severe or refractory pneumonia","volume":"13","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.01488-22","article-title":"Application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in diagnosing pneumonia of children","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-024-01749-z","article-title":"Comparison of targeted next-generation sequencing and metagenomic next-generation sequencing in the identification of pathogens in pneumonia after congenital heart surgery: a comparative diagnostic accuracy study","volume":"50","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir531","article-title":"The management of community-acquired pneumonia in infants and children older than 3 months of age: clinical practice guidelines by the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"53","author":"Bradley","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-025-05470-z","article-title":"Performance of broad-spectrum targeted next-generation sequencing in lower respiratory tract infections in ICU patients: a prospective observational study","volume":"29","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9414","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-09889-5","article-title":"Analysis of the characteristics of mixed infections with Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0017","first-page":"251","article-title":"Epidemiological characteristics and related risk factors of mixed infection in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia","volume":"47","author":"Lv","year":"2024","journal-title":"New microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05152-x","article-title":"Human adenovirus coinfection aggravates the severity of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children","volume":"20","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107200","article-title":"Critical insights from recent outbreaks of Mycoplasma pneumoniae: decoding the challenges and effective interventions strategies","volume":"147","author":"Kant","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2023.01.036","article-title":"Systematic review with meta-analysis of active herpesvirus infections in patients with COVID-19: Old players on the new field","volume":"130","author":"Banko","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000019792","article-title":"Impact of Epstein\u2013Barr virus coinfection in Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia","volume":"99","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.24963","article-title":"Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in 1500 hospitalized children","volume":"90","author":"Hao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.27318","article-title":"Haemophilus influenzae and pneumococci: co-colonization, interactions, cooperation and competition","volume":"60","author":"McMahon","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10020119","article-title":"Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections: pathogenesis and vaccine development","volume":"10","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2024.09.011","article-title":"Regional specialization within the mammalian respiratory immune system","volume":"45","author":"Hoytema van Konijnenburg","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-019-0574-7","article-title":"Seasonality of respiratory viruses and bacterial pathogens","volume":"8","author":"Choe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.14098","article-title":"Bacteria and viruses and their role in the preschool wheeze to asthma transition","volume":"35","author":"Papadopoulos","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2013.06.006","article-title":"Impact of bacterial and viral coinfection on Mycoplasmal pneumonia in childhood community-acquired pneumonia","volume":"48","author":"Chiu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2023.107480","article-title":"Chest imaging classification in Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia is associated with its clinical features and outcomes","volume":"221","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Respir Med"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1201971225004527?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1201971225004527?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T12:33:09Z","timestamp":1766406789000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1201971225004527"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["S1201971225004527"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230","relation":{},"ISSN":["1201-9712"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1201-9712","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Etiology and clinical characteristics of pathogen co-detection in pediatric Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia: A multicenter retrospective study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108230","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108230"}}