{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T12:10:10Z","timestamp":1784549410058,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765843200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFC3806500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3806500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ijidonline.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T05:13:24Z","timestamp":1766121204000},"page":"108325","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Comparative efficacy of environmental cleaning and disinfection by nursing assistants and environmental services staff in ICUs: A multiyear analysis of multidrug-resistant organisms contamination risk"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"164","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5757-0640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feng","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiqing","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0001","first-page":"1024","article-title":"Lowering the acquisition of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) with pulsed-xenon (LAMP) study: a cluster-randomized, controlled, double-blinded, interventional crossover trial","volume":"79","author":"Dhar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0002","article-title":"Is it possible to eradicate carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) from Endemic hospitals?","volume":"11","author":"Medioli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antibiotics (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-017-0191-3","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of mortality of patients infected with carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae","volume":"16","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0004","series-title":"The Review on Antimicrobial Resistance","article-title":"Tackling drug-resistant infections globally: final report and recommendations","author":"O\u2019Neill","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2012.12.010","article-title":"Does improving surface cleaning and disinfection reduce health care-associated infections?","volume":"41S","author":"Donskey","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3313","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17093313","article-title":"Impact of educational intervention on cleaning and disinfection of an emergency unit","volume":"17","author":"Oliveira","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S64","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piab052","article-title":"Clostridioides difficile infection in children: the role of infection prevention and antimicrobial stewardship","volume":"10","author":"Savage","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-4738-0","article-title":"Quantifying the relative impact of contact heterogeneity on MRSA transmission in ICUs-a modelling study","volume":"20","author":"Lei","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.14453","article-title":"Evaluation of environmental cleaning quality: an observational study at a tertiary hospital in Wuhan, China","volume":"15","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Infect Dev Ctries"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0010","article-title":"Profile of environmental service managers and workers in Brazilian hospitals","volume":"51","author":"Dos Santos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl Nurs Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2021.04.014","article-title":"Health care-acquired infections in low- and middle-income countries and the role of infection prevention and control","volume":"35","author":"Maki","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000002927","article-title":"Cleaning neonatal units in low-resource settings: a hot-topic in waiting?","volume":"40","author":"Graham","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2019.01.014","article-title":"Best practices for disinfection of noncritical environmental surfaces and equipment in health care facilities: a bundle approach","volume":"47","author":"Rutala","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0014","series-title":"Hand hygiene: why, how & when?","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0015","series-title":"WHO guidelines on hand hygiene in health care","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-020-00835-1","article-title":"Education and training programmes for infection prevention and control professionals: mapping the current opportunities and local needs in European countries","volume":"9","author":"Tsioutis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-024-01489-z","article-title":"The impact of enhanced cleaning on bacterial contamination of the hospital environmental surfaces: a clinical trial in critical care unit in an Egyptian hospital","volume":"13","author":"Hamed","year":"2024","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.03.002","article-title":"Hospital and long-term care facility environmental service workers\u2019 training, skills, activities and effectiveness in cleaning and disinfection: a systematic review","volume":"124","author":"Thomas","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2023.12.007","article-title":"Choosing between outsourcing contracts and in-house cleaning services: dusting off the shadows on hospital environmental hygiene","volume":"52","author":"Gastaldi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad752","article-title":"Rapid environmental contamination with candida auris and multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens near colonized patients","volume":"78","author":"Sansom","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4486","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.15526","article-title":"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus contamination of high-touched surfaces in a university campus","volume":"132","author":"Ababneh","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/11786302241243239","article-title":"Reservoirs of nosocomial pathogens in intensive care units: a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Osman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ Health Insights"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2715","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.15130","article-title":"Carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii, and their importance in hospital-acquired infections: a scientific review","volume":"131","author":"Nguyen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0024","first-page":"145","article-title":"Environmental contamination by multi-resistant microorganisms and the effect of cleaning and disinfection in an intensive care unit","volume":"54","author":"Mas\u00f3","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Bioquim Clin Latinoam"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2637","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11112637","article-title":"Healthcare equipment and personnel reservoirs of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii epidemic clones in intensive care units in a Tunisian hospital","volume":"11","author":"Azaiez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-021-00990-z","article-title":"A five-component infection control bundle to permanently eliminate a carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii spreading in an intensive care unit","volume":"10","author":"Meschiari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-023-01275-3","article-title":"Hospital cleaning: past, present, and future","volume":"12","author":"Dancer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(24)00399-2","article-title":"Investigating the effect of enhanced cleaning and disinfection of shared medical equipment on health-care-associated infections in Australia (CLEEN): a stepped-wedge, cluster randomised, controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"Browne","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0029","article-title":"Applying a multi-faceted infection control strategy to improve hospital environmental cleaning quality","volume":"10","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E806","DOI":"10.1097\/PTS.0000000000000500","article-title":"\"The invisible staff\": a qualitative analysis of environmental service workers\u2019 perceptions of the VA Clostridium difficile prevention bundle using a human factors engineering approach","volume":"17","author":"Yanke","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Patient Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2016.12.015","article-title":"Outsourcing cleaning services increases MRSA incidence: evidence from 126 English acute trusts","volume":"174","author":"Toffolutti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2019.09.015","article-title":"Assessment of percent positive agreement between fluorescent marker and ATPase for environmental cleaning monitoring during sequential application in an intensive care unit","volume":"48","author":"Burnham","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2021.03.010","article-title":"Practical recommendations for routine cleaning and disinfection procedures in healthcare institutions: a narrative review","volume":"113","author":"Assadian","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1201971225005429?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1201971225005429?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T11:51:41Z","timestamp":1784548301000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1201971225005429"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["S1201971225005429"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325","relation":{},"ISSN":["1201-9712"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1201-9712","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Comparative efficacy of environmental cleaning and disinfection by nursing assistants and environmental services staff in ICUs: A multiyear analysis of multidrug-resistant organisms contamination risk","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108325","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108325"}}