{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T05:53:53Z","timestamp":1774418033184,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769644800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ijidonline.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T06:26:40Z","timestamp":1769927200000},"page":"108448","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Toxocariasis in internationally adopted children: Seroprevalence, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"165","author":[{"given":"Nicolo\u2019","family":"Monti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tommaso","family":"Manciulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leila","family":"Bianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Venturini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edoardo","family":"Timitilli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rocco","family":"Bertini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gian Maria","family":"Rossolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Bartoloni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Zammarchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luisa","family":"Galli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Chiappini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11030354","article-title":"Parasitic infections in internationally adopted children: a twelve-year retrospective study","volume":"11","author":"Chiappini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30331-6","article-title":"Human toxocariasis","volume":"18","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"12-13","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2013.07.004","article-title":"The epidemiology and public health importance of toxocariasis: a zoonosis of global importance","volume":"43","author":"Macpherson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2001)087[0660:TMNSNA]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Toxocara malaysiensis n. sp. (Nematoda: ascaridoidea) from the domestic cat (Felis catus Linnaeus, 1758)","volume":"87","author":"Gibbons","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S1471-4922(03)00027-8","article-title":"Toxocara cati: an underestimated zoonotic agent","volume":"19","author":"Fisher","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2022.102288","article-title":"Toxocariasis in migrant children: a 6 years' experience in a reference pediatric unit in Spain","volume":"47","author":"Bustamante","year":"2022","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0007","article-title":"Toxocariasis - DPDx: laboratory identification of parasites of public health concern","year":"2020","journal-title":"CDC, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0008","first-page":"1399","article-title":"The high prevalence of asymptomatic Toxocara infection among schoolchildren in Manado, Indonesia","volume":"36","author":"Hayashi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2008.79.552","article-title":"National seroprevalence and risk factors for zoonotic Toxocara spp. Infection","volume":"79","author":"Won","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-261","article-title":"Seroepidemiology of Toxocara canis infection among primary schoolchildren in the capital area of the Republic of the Marshall Islands","volume":"14","author":"Fu","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"Supplement 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0011","article-title":"Toxocariasis in children in the South of Russia: epidemiological, clinical and laboratory aspects","volume":"101","author":"Andreeva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007809","article-title":"Seroprevalence estimates for toxocariasis in people worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Rostami","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30331-6","article-title":"Human toxocariasis","volume":"20","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0014","article-title":"Toxocara spp. Infections in paratenic hosts","volume":"287","author":"Strube","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.4314\/ahs.v22i3.66","article-title":"A survey on the seroprevalence of toxocariasis and related risk factors in eosinophilic children of Northwest Iran","volume":"22","author":"Pourgholaminejad","year":"2022","journal-title":"Afr Health Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1093\/clind\/15.4.743","article-title":"Toxocaral visceral larva migrans after ingestion of raw lamb liver","volume":"15","author":"Salem","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2008.08.002","article-title":"A familial case of visceral toxocariasis due to consumption of raw bovine liver","volume":"57","author":"Yoshikawa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Parasitol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)91486-9","article-title":"The expanded spectrum of toxocaral disease","volume":"1","author":"Taylor","year":"1988","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1179\/136485910X12607012373957","article-title":"Human toxocariasis: diagnosis, worldwide seroprevalences and clinical expression of the systemic and ocular forms","volume":"104","author":"Rubinsky-Elefant","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X00701465","article-title":"Toxocariasis in humans: clinical expression and treatment dilemma","volume":"75","author":"Pawlowski","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Helminthol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0021","first-page":"291","article-title":"Toxocariasis of the nervous system","volume":"65","author":"Meliou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Parasitol 2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0022","unstructured":"Weller PF, Leder K Toxocariasis: visceral and ocular larva migrans - UpToDate. nd, https:\/\/www.uptodate.com\/contents\/toxocariasis-visceral-and-ocular-larva-migrans [Accessed 20 December 2020]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114618","article-title":"Visceral larva migrans in French adults: a new disease syndrome?","volume":"125","author":"Glickman","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3347\/kjp.2001.39.1.1","article-title":"Highlights of human toxocariasis","volume":"39","author":"Magnaval","year":"2001","journal-title":"Korean J Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apar.2020.01.005","article-title":"Toxocariasis and the clinical spectrum","volume":"109","author":"Auer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0026","unstructured":"Winders WT, Menkin-Smith L Toxocara Canis. In: StatPearls [Internet] Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK557685\/. [Accessed 29 May 2023]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2021.12.223","article-title":"Novel ELISA based on purified and recombinant antigens from Toxocara Canis exhibits a high diagnostic sensitivity","volume":"116","author":"Schaefer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2014.07.003","article-title":"Human toxocariasis: current advances in diagnostics, treatment, and interventions","volume":"30","author":"Moreira","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182020002085","article-title":"A new ELISA and western blot technique based on recombinant TES antigen and\/or larval antigen for the detection of toxocariasis in humans","volume":"148","author":"Raulf","year":"2021","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46651999000200006","article-title":"Toxocariasis: serological diagnosis by indirect antibody competition elisa","volume":"41","author":"Nunes","year":"1999","journal-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1181230","article-title":"Seroprevalence of human toxocariasis in Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Ulloque-Badaracco","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0032","first-page":"15","article-title":"A diagnostic protocol designed for determining allergic causes in patients with blood eosinophilia","volume":"4","author":"Magnaval","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mil Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114618","article-title":"Visceral larva migrans in French adults: a new disease syndrome?","volume":"125","author":"Glickman","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2363","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-011-2772-y","article-title":"Analysis of the course and treatment of toxocariasis in children-a long-term observation","volume":"110","author":"Wi\u015bniewska-Ligier","year":"2012","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-0657","article-title":"Comprehensive health evaluation of the newly adopted child","volume":"143","author":"Jones","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010","article-title":"Research electronic data capture (REDCap)\u2013a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support","volume":"42","author":"Harris","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biomed Inform"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.27287","article-title":"World Health Organization and International Consensus Classification of eosinophilic disorders: 2024 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management","volume":"99","author":"Shomali","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0038","unstructured":"Pickering LK, Baker CJ, Kimberlin DW, Long SS, American Academy of Pediatrics. Tuberculosis. In:Red Book: 2012 Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases. 29a edizione Elk Grove Village: 2012, p. 555\u2013572."},{"issue":"7458","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.329.7458.168","article-title":"Diagnostic tests 4: likelihood ratios","volume":"329","author":"Deeks","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Antonopoulos A, Giannelli A, Morgan ER, Charlier J Quantifying the neglected: initial estimation of the global burden and economic impact of human toxocariasis. Curr res parasitol vector borne dis. 2024;5:100180. doi: 10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2024.100180.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2024.100180"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-025-12410-3","article-title":"Global seroprevalence of Toxocara infection in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of a neglected parasitic threat","author":"Rezapour","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2017.02.024","article-title":"Seroprevalence of five neglected parasitic diseases among immigrants accessing five infectious and tropical diseases units in Italy: a cross-sectional study","volume":"23","author":"Martelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1111\/jtm.12196","article-title":"Frequency and characteristics of infectious diseases in internationally adopted children: a retrospective study in Nantes from 2010 to 2012","volume":"22","author":"He\u00c3\u00c5naff","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Travel Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.15612","article-title":"Infections and nutritional status of internationally adopted children in France","volume":"110","author":"Goutines","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E76","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.105.6.e76","article-title":"Health of children adopted from China","volume":"105","author":"Miller","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.3.608","article-title":"Prevalence of infectious diseases among internationally adopted children","volume":"108","author":"Saiman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e710","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-2359","article-title":"Health of children adopted from Guatemala: comparison of orphanage and foster care","volume":"115","author":"Miller","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.18.3.510-520.2005","article-title":"Epidemiology and management of infectious diseases in international adoptees","volume":"18","author":"Murray","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e613","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-3032","article-title":"Intestinal parasite screening in internationally adopted children: importance of multiple stool specimens","volume":"128","author":"Staat","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2011.05.006","article-title":"Europe's neglected infections of poverty","volume":"15","author":"Hotez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.004","article-title":"Eosinophilia during intestinal infection","volume":"22","author":"Lo\u00c3\u00e0scher","year":"2008","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0052","first-page":"431","article-title":"Hypereosinophilia: a diagnostic challenge","volume":"76","author":"Van Balkum","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neth J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcped.2016.04.005","article-title":"Portage parasitaire digestif d'enfants adopte\u00e3\u00e5s","volume":"23","author":"Desoubeaux","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2017.02.024","article-title":"Seroprevalence of five neglected parasitic diseases among immigrants accessing five infectious and tropical diseases units in Italy: a cross-sectional study","volume":"23","author":"Martelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000002399","article-title":"Intestinal parasitic infections in internationally adopted children: a 10-year retrospective study","volume":"38","author":"Buonsenso","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000004042","article-title":"Review of toxocariasis at a children's hospital prompting need for public health interventions","volume":"42","author":"Review Fortini","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00101-23","article-title":"Human toxocariasis","volume":"38","author":"Lopez-Alamillo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"37","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000012361","article-title":"Clinical course and treatment outcomes of toxocariasis-related eosinophilic disorder","volume":"97","author":"Yoon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1201971226000834?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1201971226000834?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T04:58:43Z","timestamp":1774414723000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1201971226000834"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":58,"alternative-id":["S1201971226000834"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448","relation":{},"ISSN":["1201-9712"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1201-9712","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Toxocariasis in internationally adopted children: Seroprevalence, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108448","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108448"}}