{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T15:51:17Z","timestamp":1791215477589,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]],"date-time":"2026-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ijidonline.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T16:31:58Z","timestamp":1780417918000},"page":"108856","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus infective endocarditis: A case series and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"170","author":[{"given":"Kelly A.","family":"Cairns","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iain J.","family":"Abbott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew A.","family":"Udy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trisha N.","family":"Peel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis W.","family":"Spelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sue J.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Rawson-Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Dooley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2296-2126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anton Y.","family":"Peleg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10450","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01098-5","article-title":"Infective endocarditis","volume":"404","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0002","article-title":"The global, regional, and national burden and trends of infective endocarditis from 1990 to 2019: results from the global burden of disease study 2019","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000296","article-title":"Infective endocarditis in adults: diagnosis, antimicrobial therapy, and management of complications: a scientific statement for healthcare professionals from the","volume":"132","author":"Baddour","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"39","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3948","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehad193","article-title":"2023 ESC guidelines for the management of endocarditis","volume":"44","author":"Delgado","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1086\/444459","article-title":"Endocarditis due to vancomycin-resistant enterococci: case report and review of the literature","volume":"41","author":"Stevens","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad271","article-title":"The 2023 Duke-International Society for cardiovascular infectious diseases criteria for infective endocarditis: updating the modified Duke criteria","volume":"77","author":"Fowler","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.37201\/req\/079.2024","article-title":"Infective endocarditis on prosthetic valve due to vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium with VanA\/VanB genotype","volume":"38","author":"P\u00e9rez-Catal\u00e1n","year":"2025","journal-title":"Rev Esp Quimioter"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0008","first-page":"1","article-title":"Novel salvage regimen for extremely persistent vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium bloodstream infection: a case report","volume":"8","author":"Patel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Case Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0009","article-title":"Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus endocarditis complicated by splenic infarction and embolic stroke","volume":"15","author":"Khatri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2021.0233","article-title":"Detection of Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium endocarditis after clearance of Vancomycin-sensitive Enterococcus faecium bacteremia","volume":"28","author":"McEllistrem","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbial Drug Resistance-Mechanism Epidemiol Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1177\/00185787211032364","article-title":"Combination therapy of chloramphenicol and daptomycin for the treatment of infective endocarditis secondary to multidrug resistant Enterococcus faecium","volume":"57","author":"Shah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hospital Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0012","first-page":"77","article-title":"Endocarditis due to vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium","volume":"2","author":"Georgousi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Contempor Clin Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0013","article-title":"Daptomycin-vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium native valve endocarditis: successfully treated with off-label Quinupristin-Dalfopristin","volume":"4","author":"Hussain","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2016.01.017","article-title":"Oral pristinamycin for the treatment of resistant Gram-positive infections in patients with cancer: evaluation of clinical outcomes","volume":"47","author":"Teng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofv156","article-title":"Prolonged use of Oritavancin for vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium prosthetic valve endocarditis","volume":"2","author":"Johnson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0016","article-title":"A case of fatal daptomycin-resistant, vancomycin-resistant enterococcal infective endocarditis in end-stage kidney disease","volume":"2","author":"O\u2019Connor","year":"2015","journal-title":"JMM Case Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1179\/joc.2011.23.4.240","article-title":"Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) bacteremia in infective endocarditis successfully treated with combination daptomycin and tigecycline","volume":"23","author":"Polidori","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Chemother"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2108","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1M324","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecium endocarditis treated with combination tigecycline and high-dose daptomycin","volume":"43","author":"Schutt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2011.08.014","article-title":"Single center experience of a vancomycin resistant enterococcal endocarditis cohort","volume":"63","author":"Forrest","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1086\/522656","article-title":"Failure of daptomycin monotherapy for endocarditis caused by an Enterococcus faecium strain with vancomycin-resistant and vancomycin-susceptible subpopulations and evidence of in vivo loss of the vanA gene cluster","volume":"45","author":"Arias","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1002\/jhm.236","article-title":"Linezolid- and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium endocarditis: successful treatment with tigecycline and daptomycin","volume":"2","author":"Jenkins","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Hosp Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3062.2004.00059.x","article-title":"Successful treatment of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium endocarditis with linezolid in a renal transplant recipient with human immunodeficiency virus infection","volume":"6","author":"Archuleta","year":"2004","journal-title":"Transpl Infect Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1097\/01.SMJ.0000047962.61701.57","article-title":"Endocarditis due to vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in an immunocompromised patient: cure by administering combination therapy with quinupristin\/dalfopristin and high-dose ampicillin","volume":"96","author":"Thompson","year":"2003","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1086\/340527","article-title":"Prosthetic valve endocarditis due to vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium: treatment with chloramphenicol plus minocycline","volume":"34","author":"Safdar","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1744","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.120.5.1744","article-title":"Aortic root replacement in a patient with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium endocarditis and leukemia","volume":"120","author":"Konstantinov","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1086\/319986","article-title":"Successful treatment of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus endocarditis with oral linezolid","volume":"32","author":"Babcock","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2018.02.002","article-title":"Wu CC. Early linezolid-associated lactic acidosis in a patient with Child's class C liver cirrhosis and end stage renal disease","volume":"24","author":"Cheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0028","first-page":"117","article-title":"Co-infection with bacterial and fungal endocarditis at scar tissue in an immunocompromised patient","volume":"19","author":"Hajsadeghi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cardiol Cases"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1702123","article-title":"Incidence and outcome of vancomycin-resistant enterococcal bacteremia following autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation","volume":"25","author":"Kapur","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplantat"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2005.07.002","article-title":"Pleuritic chest pain and exertional dyspnea","volume":"29","author":"Macias","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.26.3.347","article-title":"Daptomycin for the treatment of gram-positive bacteremia and infective endocarditis: a retrospective case series of 31 patients","volume":"26","author":"Segreti","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-004-3022-3","article-title":"Isolated pulmonic valve infective endocarditis: a persistent challenge","volume":"32","author":"Hamza","year":"2004","journal-title":"Infection"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0033","first-page":"204","article-title":"Endocarditis due to vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus raffinosus successfully treated with linezolid: case report and review of literature","volume":"40","author":"Jasovich","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rev Argent Microbiol"},{"issue":"6\u20137","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0034","first-page":"249","article-title":"Healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance in Canadian acute care hospitals, 2019-2023","volume":"51","year":"2025","journal-title":"Can Commun Dis Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0035","first-page":"48","article-title":"Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance (AGAR) Australian Enterococcal Surveillance Outcome Program (AESOP) bloodstream infection annual report 2023","author":"Coombs","year":"2024","journal-title":"Commun Dis Intell (2018)"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2067","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.044913","article-title":"Incidence, microbiology, and outcomes in patients hospitalized with infective endocarditis","volume":"141","author":"Shah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1080\/23744235.2017.1392039","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia and endocarditis - epidemiology and outcome: a review","volume":"50","author":"Asgeirsson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect Dis (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0038","article-title":"Enterococcus faecalis bacteraemia and infective endocarditis - what are we missing?","volume":"21","author":"Nye","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Infect Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jacamr\/dlae167","article-title":"Outcomes of Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis according to MIC of amoxicillin: a multicentric study","volume":"6","author":"Do Rego","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAC Antimicrob Resist"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-024-01058-6","article-title":"Enterococcus faecium: evolution, adaptation, pathogenesis and emerging therapeutics","volume":"22","author":"Wei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00059-22","article-title":"Therapeutics for vancomycin-resistant enterococcal bloodstream infections","author":"Cairns","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-023-00763-8","article-title":"Epidemiological changes and improvement in outcomes of infective endocarditis in Europe in the twenty-First century: an international collaboration on endocarditis (ICE) prospective cohort study (2000-2012)","volume":"12","author":"Ambrosioni","year":"2023","journal-title":"Infect Dis Ther"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12166","article-title":"Enterococcal endocarditis in the beginning of the 21st century: analysis from the International Collaboration on Endocarditis-Prospective Cohort Study","volume":"19","author":"Chirouze","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01667-21","article-title":"Activity of Oritavancin against gram-positive pathogens causing bloodstream infections in the United States over 10 years: focus on drug-resistant enterococcal subsets (2010-2019)","volume":"66","author":"Carvalhaes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s13293-021-00380-5","article-title":"Sex differences in vancomycin-resistant enterococci bloodstream infections-a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Correa-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol Sex Differ"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856_bib0046","article-title":"Sex Differences in infective endocarditis: a systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Slouha","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1201971226004911?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1201971226004911?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T14:54:57Z","timestamp":1791212097000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1201971226004911"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S1201971226004911"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856","relation":{},"ISSN":["1201-9712"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1201-9712","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus infective endocarditis: A case series and review of the literature","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.108856","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108856"}}