{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T07:39:51Z","timestamp":1792741191929,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003392","name":"Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014125","name":"Fujian Provincial Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014125","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ijidonline.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T07:11:15Z","timestamp":1792739475000},"page":"109204","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["International comparison of neurosyphilis-related guidance for lumbar puncture, CSF interpretation, treatment, and follow-up: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu-Hao","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Man-Li","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4503-9382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li-Rong","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10398","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)02348-0","article-title":"Syphilis","volume":"402","author":"Peeling","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0002","series-title":"Implementing the global health sector strategies on HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections, 2022-2030: report on progress and gaps 2024","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e57","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad437","article-title":"State-of-the-art review: neurosyphilis","volume":"78","author":"Hamill","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4222","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaf329","article-title":"Neurosyphilis","volume":"148","author":"Marra","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr7004a1","article-title":"Sexually transmitted infections treatment guidelines, 2021","volume":"70","author":"Workowski","year":"2021","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E839","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.090449","article-title":"AGREE II: advancing guideline development, reporting and evaluation in health care","volume":"182","author":"Brouwers","year":"2010","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10080972","article-title":"Methodological quality assessment with the AGREE II scale and a comparison of European and American guidelines for the treatment of Lyme borreliosis: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Nguala","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-015-0501-3","article-title":"Methodological quality of guidelines for management of Lyme neuroborreliosis","volume":"15","author":"Dersch","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2026.2648888","article-title":"Optimizing machine learning-based diagnosis of neurosyphilis in HIV-negative patients: a multicenter, real-world comparison of international diagnostic criteria","volume":"15","author":"Jiang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0011","series-title":"Guidelines for the management of sexually transmitted infections","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0012","series-title":"WHO guidelines for the treatment of Treponema pallidum (syphilis)","year":"2016"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"T896","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.08.006","article-title":"AEDV expert consensus for the management of syphilis","volume":"115","author":"Fuertes de Vega","year":"2024","journal-title":"Actas Dermosifiliogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0014","unstructured":"Netherlands Society for Dermatology and Venereology; Netherlands Society for Medical Microbiology. Multidisciplinaire Richtlijn Seksueel Overdraagbare Aandoeningen, herziening 2022-2024. 2024. Available from: https:\/\/richtlijnendatabase.nl\/richtlijn\/seksueel_overdraagbare_aandoeningen. Accessed June 3, 2026."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0015","article-title":"Order no. 1342\/2013 approving the methodology for surveillance of sexually transmitted infections","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annex 1: Guideline for diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections [in Romanian]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0016","unstructured":"Hellenic National Public Health Organization, Ministry of Health. Greek national guideline on sexually transmitted infections. 2022. Available from: https:\/\/eody.gov.gr\/. Accessed June 4, 2026."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0017","year":"2021","journal-title":"Estonian guideline on sexually transmitted infections"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1177\/09564624241280406","article-title":"BASHH UK guidelines for the management of syphilis 2024","volume":"35","author":"Kingston","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16946","article-title":"2020 European guideline on the management of syphilis","volume":"35","author":"Janier","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0020","article-title":"Neurosyphilis: Leitlinien f\u00fcr Diagnostik und Therapie in der Neurologie","year":"2026","journal-title":"AWMF-Registernummer 030\/101"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0021","series-title":"EACS Guidelines version 13.0: STI screening and treatment","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0022","series-title":"Recommandations de prise en charge des personnes ayant une syphilis: recommandations et argumentaire [Recommendations for the management of people with syphilis: recommendations and scientific rationale]","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0023","unstructured":"Ministry of Health, Guyana. National guidelines on the management of sexually transmitted infections. 2025. Available from: https:\/\/health.gov.gy\/guideline\/guyana-sti-national-guidelines\/. Accessed June 3, 2026."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0024","article-title":"Abordaje de la s\u00edfilis en personas adolescentes y adultas: recomendaciones cl\u00ednicas para equipos de salud","year":"2024","journal-title":"Edici\u00f3n"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0025","article-title":"Departamento de Doen\u00e7as de Condi\u00e7\u00f5es Cr\u00f4nicas e Infec\u00e7\u00f5es Sexualmente Transmiss\u00edveis. Protocolo Cl\u00ednico e Diretrizes Terap\u00eauticas para Aten\u00e7\u00e3o Integral \u00e0s Pessoas com Infec\u00e7\u00f5es Sexualmente Transmiss\u00edveis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bras\u00edlia: Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0026","unstructured":"OECS Commission. OECS guideline for the clinical management of sexually transmitted infections. 2017. Available from: https:\/\/www.oecs.int\/. Accessed June 4, 2026."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0027","first-page":"219","article-title":"Canadian Public Health Laboratory Network (CPHLN) diagnostic recommendations for neurosyphilis in Canada","volume":"9","author":"Wudel","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Assoc Med Microbiol Infect Dis Can"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0028","year":"2024","journal-title":"Syphilis guide: treatment and follow-up"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.4111\/icu.20230322","article-title":"2023 Korean sexually transmitted infections guidelines for non-gonococcal bacterial infection (chlamydia, syphilis, etc.) by the Korean Association of Urogenital Tract Infection and Inflammation","volume":"65","author":"Choi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Investig Clin Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0030","series-title":"STI management guidelines","year":"2026"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0031","article-title":"Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections 2020 [in Japanese; syphilis chapter updated in 2023]","year":"2020","journal-title":"Tokyo: Shindan to Chiryo Sha"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0032","unstructured":"Japanese Society for Sexually Transmitted Infections. Syphilis clinical guide. 2nd ed. [in Japanese]. 2023. Available from: https:\/\/jssti.jp\/pdf\/syphilis-medical_guide_v2.pdf. Accessed June 4, 2026."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0033","first-page":"168","article-title":"Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of syphilis, gonorrhea and genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection (2020)","volume":"53","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin J Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.15691","article-title":"Neurosyphilis in the Northern Territory of Australia: a clinical guideline","volume":"53","author":"Birrell","year":"2023","journal-title":"Intern Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0035","series-title":"Management of sexually transmitted infections","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0036","unstructured":"Australasian Society for HIV, Viral Hepatitis and Sexual Health Medicine. Syphilis. Australian STI Management Guidelines for Use in Primary Care. Updated July 7, 2026. Available from: https:\/\/sti.guidelines.org.au\/sexually-transmissible-infections\/syphilis\/. Accessed September 2, 2026."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0037","unstructured":"New Zealand STI Guidelines. Aotearoa New Zealand STI Management Guidelines for Use in Primary Care: Syphilis. Available from: https:\/\/sti.guidelines.org.nz\/infections\/syphilis\/. Accessed September 3, 2026."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0038","article-title":"Sri Lanka College of Sexual Health and HIV Medicine","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sexually transmitted infections management guidelines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0039","unstructured":"National AIDS and STD Control Programme, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India. National technical guidelines on sexually transmitted infections and reproductive tract infections. 2024. Available from: https:\/\/naco.gov.in\/. Accessed June 4, 2026."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.4102\/SAJHIVMED.v25i1.1577","article-title":"Southern African HIV Clinicians Society Guideline for the clinical management of syphilis","volume":"25","author":"Peters","year":"2024","journal-title":"South Afr J HIV Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0041","article-title":"Uganda Clinical Guidelines 2023: National Guidelines for Management of Common Health Conditions","year":"2023","journal-title":"Kampala: Ministry of Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0042","series-title":"Saudi Guidelines for HIV Treatment","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0043","series-title":"National Antimicrobial Guidelines","year":"2025"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2022.04.023","article-title":"Asian guidelines for syphilis","volume":"28","author":"Mehta","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204_bib0045","series-title":"Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in adults and adolescents with HIV","year":"2026"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1201971226008398?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1201971226008398?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T07:11:21Z","timestamp":1792739481000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1201971226008398"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["S1201971226008398"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204","relation":{},"ISSN":["1201-9712"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1201-9712","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"International comparison of neurosyphilis-related guidance for lumbar puncture, CSF interpretation, treatment, and follow-up: a systematic review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2026.109204","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109204"}}