{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T00:49:55Z","timestamp":1780879795421,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Portuguese Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"FEDER","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"COMPETE2020"},{"name":"PT2020 Partnership Agreement","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007653"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007653"]}]},{"name":"Psychology Research Centre","award":["UID\/PSI\/01662"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/PSI\/01662"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BPD\/108602\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BPD\/108602\/2015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Law and Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,14]],"date-time":"2019-08-14T12:04:47Z","timestamp":1565784287000},"page":"101490","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Prison officers' attitudes towards self-harm in prisoners"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Marta","family":"Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui Abrunhosa","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Rita","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreia","family":"de Castro Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-5978(91)90020-T","article-title":"The theory of planned behavior","volume":"50","author":"Ajzen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.112.113506","article-title":"Attempted suicide v. non-suicidal self-injury: Behaviour syndrome or diagnosis?","volume":"202","author":"Butler","year":"2013","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852912000211","article-title":"Self-harm in prisoners","volume":"16","author":"Carli","year":"2011","journal-title":"CNS Spectrums"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/cbm.1992.2.1.1","article-title":"Self-mutilation in female remanded prisoners II: A cluster analytic approach towards identification of a behavioural syndrome","volume":"2","author":"Coid","year":"1992","journal-title":"Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.2.297","article-title":"Suicide after deliberate self-harm: A 4-year cohort study","volume":"162","author":"Cooper","year":"2005","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0030","series-title":"Understanding prison staff","first-page":"134","article-title":"Understanding prison officers: Culture, cohesion and conflict","author":"Crawley","year":"2008"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1177\/0004865810392681","article-title":"Staff culture, use of authority and prisoner quality of life in public and private sector prisons","volume":"44","author":"Crewe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1108\/PIJPSM-02-2016-0013","article-title":"Attitudes of police officers toward offenders: Implications for future training","volume":"40","author":"Cunha","year":"2017","journal-title":"Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1177\/0734016808329291","article-title":"Do official misconduct data tell the same story as the individuals who live in prison?","volume":"34","author":"Daggett","year":"2009","journal-title":"Criminal Justice Review"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854800027002002","article-title":"Self-harm in prison: Manipulators can also be suicide attempters","volume":"27","author":"Dear","year":"2000","journal-title":"Criminal Justice and Behavior"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0055","series-title":"Di\u00e1rio da Rep\u00fablica n\u00b0 247\/2007, 2\u00b0Suplemento, S\u00e9rie I","author":"Dec. Law no. 391- C","year":"2007"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.44.2.134","article-title":"Diagnostic issues in self-mutilation","volume":"44","author":"Favazza","year":"1993","journal-title":"Psychiatric Services"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v69n1107","article-title":"Suicide in prisoners: A systematic review of risk factors","volume":"69","author":"Fazel","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0070","series-title":"Addressing correctional officer stress: Programs and strategies","author":"Finn","year":"2000"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1108\/JACPR-08-2014-0133","article-title":"Attitudes towards prisoners who self harm scale: A psychometric evaluation","volume":"7","author":"Garbutt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2016.05.005","article-title":"An ecological analysis of prison overcrowding and suicide rates in England and Wales, 2000\u20132014","volume":"50","author":"Ginneken","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Law and Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0085","first-page":"23","article-title":"Atitudes face aos reclusos em guardas prisionais: Implica\u00e7\u00f5es para a forma\u00e7\u00e3o do pessoal penitenci\u00e1rio [Attitudes towards prisoners in prison officers: Implications for the training of prison staff]","volume":"III","author":"Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2005","journal-title":"Temas Penitenci\u00e1rios"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0090","series-title":"Psicolog\u00eda juridica: Evaluaci\u00f3n y intervenci\u00f3n","first-page":"263","author":"Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2007"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1108\/14636646200000030","article-title":"Staff attitudes to self-harm and its management in a forensic psychiatric service","volume":"2","author":"Gough","year":"2000","journal-title":"The British Journal of Forensic Practice"},{"issue":"9923","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62118-2","article-title":"Self-harm in prisons in England and Wales: An epidemiological study of prevalence, risk factors, clustering, and subsequent suicide","volume":"383","author":"Hawton","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0105","first-page":"599","article-title":"El s\u00edndrome de burnout en funcionarios de vigilancia de un centro penitenciario [Burnout in correctional officers at a penitentiary institution]","volume":"6","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Mart\u00edn","year":"2006","journal-title":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1108\/14636646200900004","article-title":"Attitudes towards male and female sex offenders: A comparison of forensic staff, prison officers and the general public in Northern Ireland","volume":"11","author":"Higgins","year":"2009","journal-title":"The British Journal of Forensic Practice"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1006\/jado.2000.0347","article-title":"A descriptive analysis of self-harm reports among a sample of incarcerated adolescent males","volume":"23","author":"Ireland","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Adolescence"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.20168","article-title":"Officer attitudes towards adult male prisoners who self-harm: Development of an attitudinal measure and investigation of sex differences","volume":"33","author":"Ireland","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aggressive Behavior"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1002\/cbm.777","article-title":"Prison staff and women prisoner's views on self-harm; their implications for service delivery and development: A qualitative study","volume":"20","author":"Kenning","year":"2010","journal-title":"Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1080\/14999013.2008.9914406","article-title":"Conciliation or condemnation? Prison employees\u2019 and young peoples\u2019 attitudes towards sexual offenders","volume":"7","author":"Kjelsberg","year":"2008","journal-title":"International Journal of Forensic Mental Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1177\/1557085108321672","article-title":"Controlled burn: The gendering of stress and burnout in modern policing","volume":"3","author":"Kurtz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Feminist Criminology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0140","series-title":"Suicide attempts and self-injury in male prisons","author":"Liebling","year":"1993"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2006.03.004","article-title":"Deliberate self-harm and suicide attempt in custody: Distinguishing features in male inmates\u2019 self-injurious behavior","volume":"29","author":"Lohner","year":"2006","journal-title":"International Journal of Law and Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8260.2010.02007.x","article-title":"The impact of prison staff responses on self-harming behaviours: Prisoners\u2019 perspectives","volume":"51","author":"Marzano","year":"2012","journal-title":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854885012002006","article-title":"A scale to measure attitudes toward prisoners","volume":"12","author":"Melvin","year":"1985","journal-title":"Criminal Justice and Behavior"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0160","series-title":"Sofrimento, desespero e comportamentos suicid\u00e1rios na pris\u00e3o [Suffering, despair and suicidal behavior in prison]","author":"Moreira","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0165","series-title":"Psicologia social [Social psychology]","author":"Neto","year":"2000"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0170","first-page":"103","article-title":"Prison officer's beliefs regarding self-harm in prisoners: An empirical investigation","volume":"1","author":"Pannell","year":"2003","journal-title":"International Journal of Forensic Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1097\/JFN.0b013e31827a5984","article-title":"A critical exploration of the management of self-harm in a male custodial setting: Qualitative findings of a comparative analysis of prison staff views on self-harm","volume":"9","author":"Ramluggun","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Forensic Nursing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0180","series-title":"Self-harm, suicide and risk: Helping people who self-harm college report CR158","author":"Royal College of Psychiatry","year":"2010"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2009.07.014","article-title":"Self-injurious behavior among Greek male prisoners: Prevalence and risk factors","volume":"25","author":"Sakelliadis","year":"2010","journal-title":"European Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-9125.2006.00055.x","article-title":"Does marriage reduce crime? A counterfactual approach to within-individual causal effects","volume":"44","author":"Sampson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Criminology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1177\/1078345813518637","article-title":"Surveillance of suicidal and nonsuicidal self-injury in the new York City jail system","volume":"20","author":"Selling","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Correctional Health Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1080\/14789940802377114","article-title":"Custody vs care: Attitudes of prison staff to self-harm in women prisoners\u2014A qualitative study","volume":"20","author":"Short","year":"2009","journal-title":"The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1108\/14636646200200023","article-title":"Prisoners\u2019 motives for self-injury and attempted suicide","volume":"4","author":"Snow","year":"2002","journal-title":"The British Journal of Forensic Practice"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1080\/14789949.2017.1421248","article-title":"Prison officers\u2019 experiences of working with adult male offenders who engage in suicide-related behaviour","volume":"29","author":"Sweeney","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0215","series-title":"Understanding Prison Staff","first-page":"65","article-title":"Prison officers and gender","author":"Tait","year":"2008"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.107.046425","article-title":"Attitudes towards clinical services among people who self-harm: Systematic review","volume":"194","author":"Taylor","year":"2009","journal-title":"The British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1080\/14789949.2017.1331369","article-title":"\u201cCoping with the job\u201d: Prison staff responding to self-harm in three English female prisons: A qualitative study","volume":"28","author":"Walker","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.20413","article-title":"Clinical assessment of self-injury: A practical guide","volume":"63","author":"Walsh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2010.10050718","article-title":"Clinical and psychosocial predictors of suicide attempts and nonsuicidal self-injury in the Adolescent Depression Antidepressants and Psychotherapy Trial (ADAPT)","volume":"168","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2011","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.148.3.306","article-title":"Self-injurious behavior: A review of the behavior and biology of self-mutilation","volume":"148","author":"Winchel","year":"1991","journal-title":"The American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.185.1.70","article-title":"Repetition of deliberate self-harm and subsequent suicide risk: Long-term follow-up study of 11 583 patients","volume":"185","author":"Zahl","year":"2004","journal-title":"The British Journal of Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Law and Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0160252719300378?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0160252719300378?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T11:14:44Z","timestamp":1758971684000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0160252719300378"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["S0160252719300378"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490","relation":{},"ISSN":["0160-2527"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0160-2527","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Prison officers' attitudes towards self-harm in prisoners","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Law and Psychiatry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijlp.2019.101490","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101490"}}