{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T05:53:55Z","timestamp":1783576435124,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,19]],"date-time":"2021-10-19T23:02:16Z","timestamp":1634684536000},"page":"413-416","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Chronic diarrhea and parasitic infections: Diagnostic challenges"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Sumeeta","family":"Khurana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5051-681X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renu","family":"Gur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neha","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib1","series-title":"Global health Estimates","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2019"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib2","first-page":"535","article-title":"Chronic diarrhoea: definition, classification and diagnosis","volume":"39","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-B\u00e3nares","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12392","article-title":"Gastro 2013 APDW\/WCOG Shanghai working party report: chronic diarrhea: definition, classification, diagnosis","volume":"29","author":"Schiller","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/pix024","article-title":"Defining pediatric diarrhea in low-resource settings","volume":"6","author":"Levine","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatric Infect Dis Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00073-14","article-title":"Practical guidance for clinical microbiology laboratories: diagnosis of bacterial gastroenteritis","volume":"28","author":"Humphries","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2712","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.7833","article-title":"Persistent diarrhea: a clinical review","volume":"315","author":"DuPont","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Med Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.05.028","article-title":"Chronic diarrhea","volume":"127","author":"Schiller","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib8","series-title":"The burden of gastrointestinal diseases","first-page":"38","year":"2001"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib9","first-page":"387","article-title":"Human intestinal parasites","volume":"25","author":"Haque","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Health Popul Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00025-17","article-title":"Practical guidance for clinical microbiology laboratories: laboratory diagnosis of parasites from the gastrointestinal tract","volume":"31","author":"Garcia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1207777","article-title":"Enteropathogens and chronic illness in returning travelers","volume":"368","author":"Ross","year":"2013","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib12","first-page":"109","article-title":"A\u00a0Perspective on infectious etiology of chronic diarrhea in India","volume":"9","author":"Taneja","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dis Global Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2345","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-019-06042-2","article-title":"Role of polymerase chain reaction in stool and duodenal biopsy for diagnosis of Giardiasis in patients with persistent\/chronic diarrhea","volume":"65","author":"Jangra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e758","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30283-3","article-title":"Morbidity, mortality, and long-term consequences associated with diarrhea from Cryptosporidium infection in children younger than 5 years: a meta-analyses study","volume":"6","author":"Khalil","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-011-0081-0","article-title":"Current spectrum of malabsorption syndrome in adults in India","volume":"30","author":"Yadav","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-007-9927-9","article-title":"Parasites in patients with malabsorption syndrome: a clinical study in children and adults","volume":"53","author":"Behera","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/S0255-0857(21)01938-1","article-title":"Chronic diarrhoea in HIV patients: prevalence of coccidian parasites","volume":"26","author":"Gupta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Indian J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.4103\/0377-4929.134707","article-title":"Isosporiasis in a tertiary care centre of north India","volume":"57","author":"Gautam","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Pathol Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1177\/1087057114548065","article-title":"Diagnosis of parasitic infections: what's going on?","volume":"20","author":"Ricciardi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biomol Screen"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00122-13","article-title":"Molecular testing for clinical diagnosis and epidemiological investigations of intestinal parasitic infections","volume":"27","author":"Verweij","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2018.04.028","article-title":"Rapid diagnosis of parasitic diseases: current scenario and future needs","volume":"25","author":"Momcilovic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"2020","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib22","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevalence, risk factors, challenges, and the currently available diagnostic tools for the determination of helminths infections in human","volume":"18","author":"Riaz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Inflamm"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02053-19","article-title":"Detection of intestinal Protozoa in trichrome-stained stool specimens by use of a deep convolutional neural network","volume":"58","author":"Mathison","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2020.1713099","article-title":"Overcoming challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of parasitic infectious diseases in migrants","volume":"18","author":"Norman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmm.IJMM_19_44","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of Mini Parasep\u00ae solvent-free fecal parasite concentrator for the diagnosis of intestinal parasitic infections","volume":"37","author":"Mewara","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2009.235","article-title":"FLOTAC: new multivalent techniques for qualitative and quantitative copromicroscopic diagnosis of parasites in animals and humans","volume":"5","author":"Cringoli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002344","article-title":"Mini-FLOTAC, an innovative direct diagnostic technique for intestinal parasitic infections: experience from the field","volume":"7","author":"Barda","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Neglected Trop Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/0037-8682-0535-2019","article-title":"A\u00a0historical review of the techniques of recovery of parasites for their detection in human stools","volume":"53","author":"Soares","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.15.3.329-341.2002","article-title":"Methods for cultivation of luminal parasitic protists of clinical importance","volume":"15","author":"Clark","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib30","first-page":"181","article-title":"Diagnostic techniques for soil-transmitted helminths \u2013 recent advances","volume":"12","author":"Khurana","year":"2021","journal-title":"Res Rep Trop Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e955","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000955","article-title":"A\u00a0coproantigen diagnostic test for Strongyloides infection","volume":"5","author":"Sykes","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Neglected Trop Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib32","first-page":"93","article-title":"Diagnostic techniques of soil-transmitted helminths: impact on control measures","volume":"5","author":"Mbong Ngwese","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trav Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/278246","article-title":"Diagnosis of Parasitic diseases: old and new approaches","author":"Ndao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0122448","article-title":"MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry for the detection and differentiation of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar","volume":"10","author":"Calderaro","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01469-17","article-title":"\u201cSmart diagnosis\u201d of parasitic diseases by use of smartphones","volume":"56","author":"Saeed","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S025508572104651X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S025508572104651X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T19:19:24Z","timestamp":1759346364000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S025508572104651X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S025508572104651X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0255-0857"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0255-0857","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Chronic diarrhea and parasitic infections: Diagnostic challenges","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2021.10.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Indian Association of Medical Microbiologists. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}