{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T16:22:35Z","timestamp":1788538955243,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,1]],"date-time":"2014-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1404172800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,5]],"date-time":"2015-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420416000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":188,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      It is often difficult to discern true mycobacterial infection from colonization due to\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycobacterium gordonae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. gordonae<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) since this organism is ubiquitous and is commonly an innocuous saprophyte. This study reports a rare case of caseating hilar adenopathy and pulmonary disease caused by\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. gordonae<\/jats:italic>\n                      in a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on maintenance steroids and methotrexate. Pathologic exam and cultures of lymph node excision biopsy and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) confirmed the diagnosis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Triple antimycobacterial therapy with azithromycin, ethambutol and rifabutin was administered. The patient had significant clinical and radiologic improvement and follow-up cultures confirmed microbiologic cure.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycobacterium gordonae<\/jats:italic>\n                      can be a rare cause of significant pulmonary infection, and positive sputum or BAL cultures for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. gordonae<\/jats:italic>\n                      should not be automatically discarded and considered as nonpathogenic contaminants or colonizing organisms, especially in immunocompromised hosts with comorbidities. A detailed review of the case and relevant literature is provided.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmyco.2014.05.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,16]],"date-time":"2014-06-16T21:45:15Z","timestamp":1402955115000},"page":"220-223","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Pulmonary infection with caseating mediastinal lymphadenitis caused by Mycobacterium gordonae"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Dima","family":"Youssef","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wael E.","family":"Shams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasmin","family":"Elshenawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adel","family":"El-Abbassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan P.","family":"Moorman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-11-20260904","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4541","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.9.4541-4544.1998","article-title":"Role of CR4 in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-human macrophages binding and signal transduction in the absence of serum","volume":"66","author":"Zaffran","year":"1998","journal-title":"Infect. 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