{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T18:21:44Z","timestamp":1790014904496,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,1]],"date-time":"2016-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454284800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,9]],"date-time":"2016-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1478649600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":282,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"\n Objective\/Background:<\/jats:title>\n Nontuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM) are a diverse group of microorganisms that cause a variety of diseases in humans including skin, respiratory, and gastrointestinal tract infection. Generally, NTM are classified into two categories: rapid (<7 days) and slow growing (>7 days). In this study, we aimed to investigate NTM frequency and prevalence in environmental samples. Additionally, we tried to identify various subtypes of isolated rapid growing mycobacteria (RGM).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n Through a prospective descriptive cross-sectional study, water and soil samples were gathered from four neighboring towns around Tehran, the capital of Iran, at different geographic directions. Every 100m\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n of the studied areas gave one sample containing 6g of soil in 3\u20135 cm depth deposited in 50 mL sterile water as sampling media. After digestion and decontamination, DNA from culture-positive specimens (RGM) were extracted using phenol\u2013chloroform methods. Then the molecular identification of species and subspecies were performed using 16s\u201323s rRNA and hsp65 gene.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n In total, 341 RGM were found, out of which 322 (94.4%) were identified and 20 (5.8%) could not be identified. The most frequent RGM was,\n Mycobacterium fortuitum<\/jats:italic>\n (72; 22%),\n Mycobacterium senegalense<\/jats:italic>\n (58; 17.7%),\n Mycobacterium parafortuitum<\/jats:italic>\n (44; 13.4%) and\n Mycobacterium conceptionense<\/jats:italic>\n type 1 (24; 7.2%), and\n Mycobacterium cheloni<\/jats:italic>\n type 1 (20; 6.0%). As shown in [Table 1],\n M. fortuitum<\/jats:italic>\n had more subtypes (8), and the frequency of subtypes 1 (27.7%), 4 (16.6%), and 5 (13.8%) were higher. Among subtypes of\n M. senegalense<\/jats:italic>\n , subtype 1 had a higher frequency (70.4%) in comparison to subtype 2 (29.5%).\n M. cheloni<\/jats:italic>\n had just one subtype.{Table 1}\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n \n Our results showed\n M. fortuitum<\/jats:italic>\n as the most prominent strain isolated from environmental samples. The frequency was similar in different places, irrespective of climatic variations. Availability of various subtypes of\n M. fortuitum<\/jats:italic>\n might indicate a large circulation of this RGM in soil and water of Iranian territory. This high prevalence of\n M. fortuitum<\/jats:italic>\n might raise the risk infection, especially in children, immunocompromised patients, diabetics, and cancer cases.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmyco.2016.09.057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,14]],"date-time":"2016-11-14T11:54:56Z","timestamp":1479124496000},"page":"S212-S213","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Identification of different subtypes of rapid growing Atypical Mycobacterium from water and soil sources"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Varahram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parissa","family":"Farnia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shima","family":"Saif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehran","family":"Marashian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Poopak","family":"Farnia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaladein","family":"Ghanavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali Akbar","family":"Velayati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","container-title":["The International Journal of Mycobacteriology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2212553116301959?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2212553116301959?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01929415-201605001-00129","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T21:00:58Z","timestamp":1789074058000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01929415-201605001-00129"}},"subtitle":["Using PCR-RFLP using hsp65 and rRNA 16s\u201323s genes"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijmyco.2016.09.057","relation":{},"ISSN":["2212-5531","2212-554X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2212-5531","type":"print"},{"value":"2212-554X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]}}}