{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T19:50:53Z","timestamp":1794340253711,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,9]],"date-time":"2025-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739059200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1AGK23076662-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1AGK23076662-02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100024580","name":"Orion Corporation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100024580","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001465","name":"American Thoracic Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001465","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T11:39:05Z","timestamp":1739187545000},"page":"100309","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Delirium prevalence and management in general wards, emergency departments, rehabilitation centres and nursing homes in Germany, Austria and Switzerland (DACH countries): A secondary analysis of a worldwide point prevalence study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4834-0114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florian","family":"Schimb\u00f6ck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Kr\u00fcger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Madlen","family":"Jeitziner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heidi","family":"Lindroth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keibun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Nydahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Von Haken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Thomas Exl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sibylle","family":"Fischbacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000001876","article-title":"Update of the European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine evidence-based and consensus-based guideline on postoperative delirium in adult patients","volume":"41","author":"Aldecoa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. J. Anaesthesiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-020-01723-4","article-title":"A call to action for delirium research: meta-analysis and regression of delirium associated mortality","volume":"20","author":"Aung Thein","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-024-03692-8","article-title":"Delirium care in hospitals in Ireland on World Delirium Awareness Day 2023","author":"Azizi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ir. J. Med. Sci. (1971 -)"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2015.08.006","article-title":"Under-detection of delirium and impact of neurocognitive deficits on in-hospital mortality among acute geriatric and medical wards","volume":"26","author":"Bellelli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2672","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.16018","article-title":"Barriers to healthcare professionals recognizing and managing delirium in older adults during a hospital stay: a mixed-methods systematic review","volume":"80","author":"Bianchi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Adv. Nurs."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.13647","article-title":"Staffing levels and nursing-sensitive patient outcomes: umbrella review and qualitative study","volume":"56","author":"Blume","year":"2021","journal-title":"Health Serv. Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0007","article-title":"Non-pharmacological interventions for preventing delirium in hospitalised non-ICU patients","volume":"11","author":"Burton","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Byrnes, T., Gombar, M., Price, S., Cochran, A., Love, K., Gregory, A., Rankin, V., & Daye-Whitehead, K. (2024). Delirium is under-detected on routine screening with the CAM: a sub-study from World Delirium Awareness Day. Delirium communications. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56392\/001c.92219.","DOI":"10.56392\/001c.92219"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2022.05.058","article-title":"Delirium prevalence in geriatric emergency department patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"59","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Emerg. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afq157","article-title":"Under-reporting of delirium in the NHS","volume":"40","author":"Clegg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnv100","article-title":"Delirium screening: a systematic review of Delirium screening tools in hospitalized patients","volume":"55","author":"De","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0012","article-title":"Outcomes of a delirium prevention program in older persons after elective surgery: a stepped-wedge cluster randomized clinical trial","author":"Deeken","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gerinurse.2022.02.021","article-title":"Prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of subsyndromal delirium in older adults in hospital or long-term care settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"45","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Geriatr. Nurs."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afaa040","article-title":"The consistent burden in published estimates of delirium occurrence in medical inpatients over four decades: a systematic review and meta-analysis study","volume":"49","author":"Gibb","year":"2020","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.2273","article-title":"Association of delirium with long-term cognitive decline: a meta-analysis","volume":"77","author":"Goldberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1024\/1012-5302.20.4.191","article-title":"[Delirium: screening, assessment and diagnosis]","volume":"20","author":"Hasemann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pflege"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0017","first-page":"1","article-title":"[Evidence-based non-pharmacological delirium prevention on general wards - A systematic literature review]","volume":"160","author":"Hauss","year":"2021","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Evidenz, Fortbildung und Qualit\u00e4t im Gesundheitswesen"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1007\/s00063-022-00943-3","article-title":"[Delirium-assessment, prevention and treatment: Task in the interprofessional intensive care unit team]","volume":"117","author":"Hermes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med. Klin. Intensivmed. Notfmed."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.22194","article-title":"Using the nursing delirium screening scale in assessing postoperative delirium: a meta-regression","volume":"45","author":"Ho","year":"2022","journal-title":"Res. Nurs. Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1745811","article-title":"Tranexamic acid and the risk of delirium after off-pump surgery","volume":"72","author":"Hulde","year":"2024","journal-title":"Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2510","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.14482","article-title":"Diagnostic test accuracy of the Nursing Delirium Screening Scale: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"76","author":"Jeong","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Adv. Nurs."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M441","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/58.5.M441","article-title":"Delirium among newly admitted postacute facility patients: prevalence, symptoms, and severity","volume":"58","author":"Kiely","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0268024","article-title":"Effects of non-pharmacological interventions for preventing delirium in general ward inpatients: a systematic review & meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"17","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"13\u201314","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.15219","article-title":"Delirium point prevalence studies in inpatient settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"Koirala","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Nurs."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0025","article-title":"Delirium in nursing home residents: a narrative review","volume":"10","author":"Komici","year":"2022","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-017-4945-3","article-title":"Status quo of delirium management in German-speaking countries: comparison between intensive care units and wards","volume":"44","author":"Krotsetis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/s00063-021-00892-3","article-title":"Learning in one minute: survey of the One Minute Wonder Network","volume":"117","author":"Kr\u00fcger","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med. Klin. Intensivmed. Notfmed."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0028","article-title":"Non-pharmacological interventions for sleep promotion in hospitalized children","volume":"6","author":"Kudchadkar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s41999-019-00278-x","article-title":"Developing delirium best practice: a systematic review of education interventions for healthcare professionals working in inpatient settings","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. Geriatr. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2023.102025","article-title":"Delirium assessment tools among hospitalized older adults: a systematic review and metaanalysis of diagnostic accuracy","volume":"90","author":"Lin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2024.06.005","article-title":"Delirium in the US: results from 2023 cross-sectional World Delirium Awareness Day prevalence study","author":"Lindroth","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Acad. Consult. Liaison Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.7748\/ns.2018.e10888","article-title":"Recognising and managing delirium in patients receiving palliative and end of life care","volume":"33","author":"Logan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nurs. Stand."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1060551","article-title":"The nursing delirium screening scale (NU-DESC)","volume":"43","author":"Lutz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anasthesiol. Intensivmed. Notfallmed. Schmerzther."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1601-5215.2002.51002.x","article-title":"Delirium symptoms in post-acute care: prevalent, persistent, and associated with poor functional recovery","volume":"51","author":"Marcantonio","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1111\/nicc.12299","article-title":"Survey among critical care nurses and physicians about delirium management","volume":"23","author":"Nydahl","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nurs. Crit. Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afae129","article-title":"A world-wide study on delirium assessments and presence of protocols","volume":"53","author":"Nydahl","year":"2024","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2019.12.004","article-title":"German Network for Early Mobilization: impact for participants","volume":"49","author":"Nydahl","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s41999-024-01019-5","article-title":"Delirium prevalence and delirium literacy across Italian hospital wards: a secondary analysis of data from the World Delirium Awareness Day 2023","author":"Ornago","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. Geriatr. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0039","article-title":"The Delphi Delirium Management Algorithms. A practical tool for clinicians, the result of a modified Delphi expert consensus approach","volume":"2024","author":"Ottens","year":"2024","journal-title":"Delirium (Bielef)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.18751","article-title":"Delirium detection tools show varying completion rates and positive score rates when used at scale in routine practice in general hospital settings: a systematic review","volume":"72","author":"Penfold","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001772","article-title":"Delirium in an adult acute hospital population: predictors, prevalence and detection","volume":"3","author":"Ryan","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0042","article-title":"Prevalence, risk factors and impact of delirium in adult inpatients in a tertiary care hospital: a point prevalence study","author":"Schiess","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin. Nurs."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schimb\u00f6ck, F., Hanisch, V., G\u00fcnther, U., Hansen, H.-C., von Haken, R., Hermes, C., Hoyer, C., Kaltwasser, A., Pelz, S., & Nydahl, P. (2024). Interprofessional Education for Delirium Management: a quality Improvement Project. Delirium Communications. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56392\/001c.92850.","DOI":"10.56392\/001c.92850"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0044","article-title":"The Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) 157: guidelines on risk reduction and management of delirium","volume":"55","author":"Soiza","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"von Elm, E., Altman, D.G., Egger, M., Pocock, S.J., G\u00f8tzsche, P.C., Vandenbroucke, J.P., 2008. [The strengthening the reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement: guidelines for reporting of observational studies]. Notfall + Rettungsmedizin 11 (4), 260\u2013265 (Das Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE-) Statement) doi:10.1007\/s10049-008-1057-1.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10049-008-1057-1"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/nicc.13148","article-title":"Delirium prevalence in emergency department patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nurs. Crit. Care."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/s41999-019-00276-z","article-title":"Distress in delirium: causes, assessment and management","volume":"11","author":"Williams","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. Geriatr. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00223-4","article-title":"Delirium","volume":"6","author":"Wilson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.16422","article-title":"Outcome of older patients with acute neuropsychological symptoms not fulfilling criteria of delirium","volume":"68","author":"Zipprich","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666142X25000190?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666142X25000190?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T21:23:39Z","timestamp":1762637019000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2666142X25000190"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["S2666142X25000190"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309","relation":{},"ISSN":["2666-142X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2666-142X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Delirium prevalence and management in general wards, emergency departments, rehabilitation centres and nursing homes in Germany, Austria and Switzerland (DACH countries): A secondary analysis of a worldwide point prevalence study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100309","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100309"}}