{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T15:46:59Z","timestamp":1791474419321,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","obstetanesthesia.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T01:11:44Z","timestamp":1759540304000},"page":"104790","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Remimazolam in obstetric anaesthesia: a focused review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8622-6429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.","family":"Chae","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Kearsley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6302-1683","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Duffy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brohan M, Brohan J, Goudra B. Remimazolam and Its Place in the Current Landscape of Procedural Sedation and General Anesthesia. J Clin Med. Jul 25 2024;13(15). doi:10.3390\/jcm13154362.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13154362"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3957","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S384155","article-title":"Remimazolam: an Updated Review of a New Sedative and Anaesthetic","volume":"16","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2262","DOI":"10.1002\/wjs.12273","article-title":"Remimazolam has similar anesthetic effect and superior safety compared to propofol in elderly patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"48","author":"Dong","year":"2024","journal-title":"WORLD J Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.690875","article-title":"Remimazolam: Non-Clinical and Clinical Profile of a New Sedative\/Anesthetic Agent","volume":"12","author":"Kilpatrick","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.4097\/kja.22297","article-title":"Remimazolam - current knowledge on a new intravenous benzodiazepine anesthetic agent","volume":"75","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Korean J Anesthesiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-020-01299-8","article-title":"Remimazolam: first Approval","volume":"80","author":"Keam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3182a705ae","article-title":"A phase Ib, dose-finding study of multiple doses of remimazolam (CNS 7056) in volunteers undergoing colonoscopy","volume":"117","author":"Worthington","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anesth Analg."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000001902","article-title":"Remimazolam and serious adverse events: a scoping review","volume":"40","author":"Kempenaers","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.1004010","article-title":"Impact of pregnancy related hormones on drug metabolizing enzyme and transport protein concentrations in human hepatocytes","volume":"13","author":"Fashe","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0050","unstructured":"(remimazolam) B. Resources and Clinical Dosing Guidelines. Accessed July 21, 2025, https:\/\/byfavo.com\/resources."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kemp MC, Patel RA, Smith JV, McCoy NC. Hemodynamic Preservation Using Remimazolam in a Heart Failure Parturient Undergoing a Dilation and Curettage: A Case Report. A A Pract. Jan 1 2025;19(1):e01897. doi:10.1213\/XAA.0000000000001897.","DOI":"10.1213\/XAA.0000000000001897"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Doi M, Hirata N, Suzuki T, Morisaki H, Morimatsu H, Sakamoto A. Safety and efficacy of remimazolam in induction and maintenance of general anesthesia in high-risk surgical patients (ASA Class III): results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group comparative trial. J Anesth. Aug 2020;34(4):491-501. doi:10.1007\/s00540-020-02776-w.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-020-02776-w"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yamamoto S, Oyama Y, Sasaki M, Miyagoshi M, Matsumoto S, Kitano T. General anesthesia with remimazolam for emergency cesarean section in a patient with acute infective endocarditis: a case report. JA Clin Rep. Aug 24 2023;9(1):53. doi:10.1186\/s40981-023-00645-5.","DOI":"10.1186\/s40981-023-00645-5"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nam SW, Jung H, Han J. Emergency cesarean section under general anesthesia using remimazolam in a pregnant woman with Fontan circulation : Case report with literature review. Anaesthesiologie. Feb 2025;74(2):97-102. Notfall-Kaiserschnitt unter Allgemeinanasthesie mit Remimazolam bei einer schwangeren Frau mit Fontan-Kreislauf : Fallbericht mit Literaturubersicht. doi:10.1007\/s00101-025-01507-8.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00101-025-01507-8"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.2344\/anpr-70-02-06","article-title":"Anesthetic Management using Remimazolam in a Hemodialysis Patient","volume":"70","author":"Nishioka","year":"2023","journal-title":"Anesth Prog."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.23736\/S0375-9393.23.17034-9","article-title":"Comparison of remimazolam and propofol about safety outcome indicators during general anesthesia in surgical patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"89","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Minerva Anestesiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-022-03107-x","article-title":"Caution!! Reappearance of remimazolam effect after a flumazenil bolus: a larger bolus of flumazenil and a lower total remimazolam clearance are higher risks","volume":"37","author":"Masui","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Anesth."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.4097\/kja.24444","article-title":"Comparing the safety and efficacy of remimazolam-based total intravenous anesthesia versus volatile agent-based anesthesia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"78","author":"Park","year":"2025","journal-title":"Korean J Anesthesiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2024.09.020","article-title":"Effectiveness of Remimazolam on Preventing adverse Reactions Caused by Carboprost Tromethamine during Cesarean Section","volume":"47","author":"Fan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Ther."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clpt.2006.02.010","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of midazolam, propofol, and fentanyl transfer to human breast milk","volume":"79","author":"Nitsun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0105","first-page":"1","article-title":"Breastfeeding after Anesthesia: a Review for Anesthesia Providers Regarding the transfer of Medications into Breast Milk","volume":"1","author":"Cobb","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transl Perioper Pain Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.4097\/kja.24311","article-title":"Comparison of remimazolam and midazolam for preventing intraoperative nausea and vomiting during cesarean section under spinal anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"77","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Korean J Anesthesiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2020.11.021","article-title":"Ringer's acetate solution-induced precipitation of remimazolam","volume":"126","author":"Sasaki","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0120","first-page":"234","article-title":"Precipitation of remimazolam in coadministration with Plasma-Lyte 148: two case reports","volume":"73","author":"Sung","year":"2023","journal-title":"Braz J Anesthesiol. Mar-Apr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2024.104214","article-title":"Remimazolam administration for severe anxiety during a neuraxial block placement in active labor","volume":"59","author":"Hyers","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Obstet Anesth."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hyers B, Tran A, Reddy A, Strulowitz T, Meshel A, Katz D. A Pilot Study of Remimazolam During Neuraxial Placement for Scheduled Cesarean Deliveries on Parturient Experience Recall. Anesth Analg. Feb 25 2025;doi:10.1213\/ANE.0000000000007454.","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000007454"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ko E, Choi SU, Lee J, Choi ES, Park YS. Exploring the Utility of remimazolam in cesarean sections under general anesthesia: A preliminary retrospective analysis and Implications for future study. Heliyon. Apr 15 2024;10(7):e28485. doi:10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e28485.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e28485"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu Y, Gu J, Liu J, et al. Determination of the effective dose of remimazolam combined with sufentanil for inhibiting body movement during surgical abortion: An up-and-down sequential allocation trial. Medicine (Baltimore). Jul 26 2024;103(30):e39063. doi:10.1097\/MD.0000000000039063.","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000039063"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.13572","article-title":"Remimazolam versus propofol in combination with esketamine for surgical abortion: a double-blind randomized controlled trial","volume":"16","author":"Yue","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Transl Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.2344\/anpr-68-02-12","article-title":"Anesthetic Management of the Pregnant Patient: Part 2","volume":"68","author":"Shin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anesth Prog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Romera Ortega MA, Chamorro Jambrina C, Lipperheide Vallhonrat I, Fern\u00e1ndez Sim\u00f3n I. [Indications of dexmedetomidine in the current sedoanalgesia tendencies in critical patients]. Med Intensiva. Jan-Feb 2014;38(1):41-8. Indicaciones de la dexmedetomidina en las tendencias actuales de sedoanalgesia en el paciente cr\u00edtico. doi:10.1016\/j.medin.2013.03.008.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medin.2013.03.008"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1097\/JTN.0000000000000576","article-title":"Hemodynamic adverse Effects of Dexmedetomidine and Propofol in a Critically Ill Trauma and Surgical Population: a Retrospective Cohort","volume":"28","author":"Nicholson","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Trauma Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wiltshire HR, Kilpatrick GJ, Tilbrook GS, Borkett KM. A placebo- and midazolam-controlled phase I single ascending-dose study evaluating the safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of remimazolam (CNS 7056): Part II. Population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling and simulation. Anesth Analg. Aug 2012;115(2):284-96. doi:10.1213\/ANE.0b013e318241f68a.","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e318241f68a"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2009.03386.x","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo glucuronidation of midazolam in humans","volume":"67","author":"Hyland","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104750","article-title":"Remimazolam use in obstetric patients: a single-center retrospective study (2021-2024)","author":"Goyal","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Obstetr Anesth."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2023.2196198","article-title":"Economic benefits of remimazolam compared to midazolam and propofol for procedural sedation in colonoscopies and bronchoscopies","volume":"39","author":"Pedersen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0185","unstructured":"Yang F, Yi S, Xing J, et al. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Remimazolam and Midazolam in Goal-Guided Sedation in ICU. Altern Ther Health Med. Jun 7 2024."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13441","article-title":"Hypnotic benzodiazepine receptor agonist exposure during pregnancy and the risk of congenital malformations and other adverse pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"146","author":"Grigoriadis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790_b0195","first-page":"80","article-title":"Remimazolam: patient safety considerations of a novel, practice-changing drug in perioperative medicine","volume":"38","author":"Abcejo","year":"2023","journal-title":"APSF Newslett"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0959289X25003838?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0959289X25003838?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T02:25:02Z","timestamp":1786587902000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0959289X25003838"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["S0959289X25003838"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790","relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-289X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0959-289X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Remimazolam in obstetric anaesthesia: a focused review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijoa.2025.104790","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104790"}}