{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T03:36:30Z","timestamp":1784000190325,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ijoms.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T12:52:30Z","timestamp":1764593550000},"page":"563-568","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Head orientation method affects symmetry assessment"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9854-2267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.D.","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Graca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2015.11.013","article-title":"The primal sagittal plane of the head: a new concept","volume":"45","author":"Gateno","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(93)70010-L","article-title":"Facial keys to orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Part I","volume":"103","author":"Arnett","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(05)81791-3","article-title":"Facial keys to orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning\u2014Part II","volume":"103","author":"Arnett","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2008.02.015","article-title":"Face bow and articulator for planning orthognathic surgery: 1 face bow","volume":"46","author":"Walker","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2014.03.017","article-title":"Three-dimensional natural head position reproduction using a single facial photograph based on the POSIT method","volume":"42","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2022.05.008","article-title":"Reproducibility of manual transfer of the clinical natural head position: influence on the soft tissue and hard tissue position of 3-dimensional virtual surgical planning","volume":"80","author":"Beek","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2010.10.034","article-title":"A new method to orient 3-dimensional computed tomography models to the natural head position: a clinical feasibility study","volume":"69","author":"Xia","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2021.12.002","article-title":"Reproducibility of a three-dimensional skeletal-based craniofacial orientation method for virtual surgical planning","volume":"60","author":"dos Santos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-024-05926-6","article-title":"Evaluating cranial landmarks for yaw orientation in natural head position: a 3D study","volume":"28","author":"Munevveroglu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012","article-title":"A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research","volume":"15","author":"Koo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Chiropr Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(94)70014-1","article-title":"Natural head position\u2014a revival","volume":"105","author":"Moorrees","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330160206","article-title":"Natural head position, a basic consideration in the interpretation of cephalometric radiographs","volume":"16","author":"Moorrees","year":"1958","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(05)80029-0","article-title":"Five-year reproducibility of natural head posture: a longitudinal study","volume":"97","author":"Cooke","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(99)70306-9","article-title":"Fifteen-year reproducibility of natural head posture: a longitudinal study","volume":"116","author":"Peng","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2012.03.027","article-title":"Accuracy of a computer-aided surgical simulation protocol for orthognathic surgery: a prospective multicenter study","volume":"71","author":"Hsu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2012.01.012","article-title":"Assessing the influence of chin prominence on perceived attractiveness in the orthognathic patient, clinician and layperson","volume":"41","author":"Naini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8240.1999.tb00414.x","article-title":"Comparing the perception of dentists and lay people to altered dental esthetics","volume":"11","author":"Kokich","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Esthet Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2010.12.055","article-title":"Assessing the influence of asymmetry affecting the mandible and chin point on perceived attractiveness in the orthognathic patient, clinician, and layperson","volume":"70","author":"Naini","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-2391(97)90338-4","article-title":"Occlusal cant in the frontal plane as a reflection of facial asymmetry","volume":"55","author":"Padwa","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2020.04.030","article-title":"How accurate is 3-dimensional computer-assisted planning for segmental maxillary surgery?","volume":"78","author":"Kwon","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1746","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2018.01.002","article-title":"Accuracy of orthognathic surgical outcomes using 2- and 3-dimensional landmarks\u2014the case for apples and oranges?","volume":"76","author":"Borba","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm13010125","article-title":"Three-dimensional accuracy and stability of personalized implants in orthognathic surgery: a systematic review and a meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Diaconu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2014.12.008","article-title":"Virtual surgical planning for orthognathic surgery using digital data transfer and an intraoral fiducial marker: the Charlotte method","volume":"73","author":"Bobek","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0901502725015024?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0901502725015024?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T11:07:59Z","timestamp":1775560079000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0901502725015024"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0901502725015024"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0901-5027"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0901-5027","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Head orientation method affects symmetry assessment","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijom.2025.11.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of International Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}