{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T10:41:34Z","timestamp":1792233694973,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ijoms.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T09:47:46Z","timestamp":1792230466000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of malnutrition defined by Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria on prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"given":"Y.","family":"Aiso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Inada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Kikuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Sekikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Sakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Nomura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-022-10531-4","article-title":"Oral dysfunction in patients with oral cancer could occur before treatment and require early nutritional improvement: a cross-sectional study","volume":"38","author":"Matsuda","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2017.04.004","article-title":"Multidisciplinary management of head and neck cancer: first expert consensus using Delphi methodology from the Spanish Society for Head and Neck Cancer (part 1)","volume":"70","author":"Ma\u00f1\u00f3s","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000023860","article-title":"Association of malnutrition with postoperative complication risk after curative surgery for oral cancer: observational study","volume":"99","author":"Tsai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib4","article-title":"Perioperative nutritional risk and its influencing factors in patients with oral cancer: a longitudinal study","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-020-6604-2","article-title":"Nutritional assessment and prognosis of oral cancer patients: a large-scale prospective study","volume":"20","author":"Bao","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2020.03.011","article-title":"Mapping the frequency of malnutrition in patients with head and neck cancer using the GLIM criteria for the diagnosis of malnutrition","volume":"37","author":"Einarsson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Nutr ESPEN"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.20461","article-title":"Nutritional factors and survival of patients with oral cancer","volume":"28","author":"Liu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2021.01.009","article-title":"A preoperative prognostic nutritional index is a prognostic indicator in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients undergoing radical surgery","volume":"50","author":"Watabe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-022-09439-x","article-title":"Utility of prognostic nutritional index and systemic immune-inflammation index in oral cancer treatment","volume":"22","author":"Kubota","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.996757","article-title":"Prognostic value of inflammatory biomarkers in aged patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"13","author":"Yoshimura","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2076","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.14255","article-title":"Prognostic impact of preoperative geriatric nutritional risk index in oral squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"29","author":"Ito","year":"2023","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2021.09.008","article-title":"Does the geriatric nutrition risk index predict the prognosis of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma?","volume":"60","author":"Yamagata","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3921","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S321724","article-title":"Relationship between prognostic nutritional index and mortality in overweight or obese patients with cancer: a multicenter observational study","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.1440","article-title":"GLIM criteria for the diagnosis of malnutrition: a consensus report from the global clinical nutrition community","volume":"43","author":"Jensen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Parenter Enteral Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5072","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2021.08.008","article-title":"Relationship between GLIM criteria and disease-specific symptoms and its impact on 5-year survival of esophageal cancer patients","volume":"40","author":"Okada","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2021.632546","article-title":"Association of malnutrition, as defined by the PG-SGA, ESPEN 2015, and GLIM criteria, with complications in esophageal cancer patients after esophagectomy","volume":"8","author":"Yin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2021.01.038","article-title":"Value of muscle quality, strength, and gait speed in supporting the predictive power of GLIM-defined malnutrition for postoperative outcomes in overweight patients with gastric cancer","volume":"40","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2021.111286","article-title":"Different muscle mass indices of the global leadership initiative on Malnutrition in diagnosing malnutrition and predicting survival of patients with gastric cancer","volume":"89","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.2127","article-title":"Impact of malnutrition diagnosed using global leadership initiative on malnutrition criteria on clinical outcomes of patients with gastric cancer","volume":"46","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Parenter Enteral Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hpb.2020.11.835","article-title":"Effect of preoperative malnutrition using global leadership initiative on malnutrition (GLIM) criteria on short- and long-term outcomes of patients with pancreatic head cancer","volume":"23","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"HPB"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyab215","article-title":"Effect of GLIM-defined malnutrition on postoperative clinical outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer","volume":"23","author":"Song","year":"2022","journal-title":"Jpn J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2920","DOI":"10.1080\/01635581.2022.2044059","article-title":"GLIM criteria-defined malnutrition informs on survival of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients undergoing radiotherapy","volume":"74","author":"Wan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutr Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1874","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2022.07.007","article-title":"Association of global leadership initiative on malnutrition with survival outcomes in patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"41","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.2463","article-title":"GLIM-defined malnutrition and overall survival in cancer patients: a meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Yin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Parenter Enteral Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.01.012","article-title":"Relationship between global leadership initiative on malnutrition (GLIM) defined malnutrition and survival, length of stay, and post-operative complications: a systematic review","volume":"42","author":"Brown","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.1053165","article-title":"Malnutrition diagnosed by the global leadership initiative on malnutrition criteria predicting survival and clinical outcomes of patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Peng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-014-9577-y","article-title":"Decreased tongue pressure is associated with sarcopenia and sarcopenic dysphagia in the elderly","volume":"30","author":"Maeda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-015-9613-6","article-title":"Comment on \u201cDecreased tongue pressure is associated with sarcopenia and sarcopenic dysphagia in the elderly\u201d","volume":"30","author":"Wakabayashi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib29","first-page":"45","volume":"19","author":"Japanese anthropometric reference data","year":"2001","journal-title":"Jpn J Nutr Assess"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2022.12.008","article-title":"Prognostic implications of the global leadership initiative on malnutrition criteria as a routine assessment modality for malnutrition in hospitalized patients at a university hospital","volume":"42","author":"Mori","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12082287","article-title":"Malnutrition screening and assessment in the cancer care ambulatory setting: mortality predictability and validity of the patient-generated subjective global assessment short form (PG-SGA SF) and the GLIM criteria","volume":"12","author":"De Groot","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.03.018","article-title":"The GLIM consensus approach to diagnosis of malnutrition: a 5-year update","volume":"49","author":"Cederholm","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2020.111072","article-title":"Prevalence of malnutrition comparing NRS2002, MUST, and PG-SGA with the GLIM criteria in adults with cancer: a multi-center study","volume":"83","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2021.111379","article-title":"Global leadership initiative on malnutrition criteria as a nutrition assessment tool for patients with cancer","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2019.02.001","article-title":"Survival outcomes after treatment of cancer of the oral cavity (1985\u20132015)","volume":"90","author":"Zanoni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2007.12.024","article-title":"Clinical and histopathologic independent prognostic factors in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective study of 334 cases","volume":"66","author":"Arduino","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2006.04.004","article-title":"Clinicopathological parameters and outcome of 245 patients operated for oral squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"34","author":"Garzino-Demo","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2021.811288","article-title":"Association between systemic inflammation and malnutrition with survival in patients with cancer sarcopenia\u2014a prospective multicenter study","volume":"8","author":"Ruan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2014.10.006","article-title":"Prognostic impact of perineural invasion and lymphovascular invasion in advanced stage oral squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"44","author":"Jardim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2023.106608","article-title":"Association of sarcopenia with oncologic outcomes of primary treatment among patients with oral cavity cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"147","author":"Graves","year":"2023","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.30668","article-title":"Evaluation of overall and disease-free survival in patients with free flaps for oral cancer resection","volume":"40","author":"Makiguchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1007\/s10006-023-01191-1","article-title":"CT-assessed sarcopenia and prognostic nutritional index are associated with poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"28","author":"Ohyama","year":"2024","journal-title":"Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.13481","article-title":"Sarcopenia results in poor survival rates in oral cavity cancer patients","volume":"45","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2012.350","article-title":"Sarcopenia is associated with postoperative infection and delayed recovery from colorectal cancer resection surgery","volume":"107","author":"Lieffers","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29221","article-title":"Sarcopenia and systemic inflammation synergistically impact survival in oral cavity cancer","volume":"131","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2022.02.001","article-title":"Guidance for assessment of the muscle mass phenotypical criterion for the global leadership initiative on malnutrition (GLIM) diagnosis of malnutrition","volume":"41","author":"Barazzoni","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5166","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14235166","article-title":"Mid-arm muscle circumference or body weight-standardized hand grip strength in the GLIM superiorly predicts survival in Chinese colorectal cancer patients","volume":"14","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025_bib48","first-page":"3073","article-title":"Examining guidelines and new evidence in oncology nutrition: a position paper on gaps and opportunities in multimodal approaches to improve patient care","volume":"30","author":"Prado","year":"2022","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0901502726004352?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0901502726004352?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T09:47:52Z","timestamp":1792230472000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0901502726004352"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S0901502726004352"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025","relation":{},"ISSN":["0901-5027"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0901-5027","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Impact of malnutrition defined by Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria on prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.09.025","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 International Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}