{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T16:17:47Z","timestamp":1787847467730,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]],"date-time":"2021-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Internationally, Cystic fibrosis-associated liver disease (CFLD) is considered the third leading cause of death, following lung disease and transplantation complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify the prevalence of CFLD in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective chart review for all patients with CF liver disease from a tertiary care center.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 341 CF patients were included. The mean age at the diagnosis of liver disease is 13.5 (7.6) years. The first elevated ALT was reported in 190\/341 patients (56%), elevated AST in 124 patients (36%), elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in 166 patients (49.1%), elevated GGT in 57 patients (23%), and elevated bilirubin in 24 patients (7%). There was an improvement of the liver enzyme values during the follow-up period, P-value = (&lt;0.05). Ultrasound liver assessments were performed in 258\/341 patients (75.7%). One hundred and twelve patients (43%) had abnormal findings. In 14 patients (5.4%), assessment exhibited advanced liver disease (liver cirrhosis and periportal fibrosis). Out of 190 patients, who were given ursodeoxycholic acid for elevated liver enzymes, 180 (94.7%) exhibited improvement. One patient underwent liver transplant at the age of 12. Four patients were submitted for liver biopsy; periportal fibrosis was observed in 4 patients (1.6%), and liver cirrhosis by ultrasound (US) in 10 patients (4%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with CF should be screened early for liver enzymes, and should undergo the US study to detect liver disease at early stages and to prevent its progression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpam.2021.06.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]],"date-time":"2021-06-22T08:36:10Z","timestamp":1624350970000},"page":"78-82","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Liver disease in cystic fibrosis patients in a tertiary care center in Saudi 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