{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:38:55Z","timestamp":1792791535990,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635206400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the attitudes of pediatricians working at the Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (MNGHA) to report cases of child sexual abuse (CSA) and to determine the association between the demographic, cultural characteristics, and the attitude toward reporting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants and Settings:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The participants included all pediatricians, from consultants to residents, employed at the Pediatric Department of the King Abdulaziz Medical City and King Abdullah Specialist Children's Hospital, Riyadh. Additional inclusion criteria were females and males, Saudis and non-Saudis, and age 20\u201460 years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A self-administered, hard copy questionnaire was distributed to 277 pediatricians, and the response rate was 58.48%. The sensitivity\/specificity emphasis mean score was calculated. Categorical variables were tested against the sensitivity\/specificity emphasis mean score using an ANOVA and an independent sample\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                      -test. The reliability of the questionnaire was measured with Cronbach's alpha.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 153 completed questionnaires were analyzed. The responses were inclined toward balanced (indecisive toward reporting) and high specificity (favors the decision not to report suspected CSA). No significant difference was found in the sensitivity\/specificity mean score between the different levels of professionals, experience, age, gender, and number of prior child abuse-related courses. The skepticism scale showed, for the different professional levels, that the staff physician\/resident believed the 3- to 5-year-old girls and boys to be genuine. The consultants\/associate consultants believed 6- to 12- year and 13- to 17-year-old girls and boys to be true most of the time. Nearly half of the participants indicated that their reporting decision was affected by the possible consequences of reporting suspected CSA for the children's families and the social perceptions of sexually abused children as adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results highlight the low reporting rates of CSA cases. The findings suggest a lack of training and experience of the professionals in this area of assessing, detecting, and reporting CSA cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpam.2021.10.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T18:41:39Z","timestamp":1635792099000},"page":"125-130","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Attitude of pediatricians toward suspected cases of child sexual abuse (CSA) in Saudi Arabia"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Majed Abdualaziz","family":"Aleissa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khizra","family":"Sultana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hassan Nazmus","family":"Saleheen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dalal Ahmad","family":"Aldihan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Razan Hussain","family":"Al-Omar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rana Obaid","family":"Alharbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raghad Saleh","family":"Allahidan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rema","family":"Alshagary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R3-10-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2009.08.011","article-title":"Child abuse and neglect in Saudi Arabia: journey of recognition to implementation of national prevention strategies","volume":"34","author":"Al","year":"2010","journal-title":"Child Abuse Neglect"},{"key":"R4-10-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.4103\/0256-4947.87102","article-title":"Preventing child abuse and neglect in Saudi Arabia: are we ready?","volume":"31","author":"Almuneef","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Saudi Med"},{"key":"R5-10-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2013.744378","article-title":"Arab parents\u2019 reactions to child sexual abuse: a review of clinical records","volume":"22","author":"Abu-Baker","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Child Sex Abuse"},{"key":"R6-10-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.08.016","article-title":"Determining child maltreatment incidence in Saudi Arabia using the ICAST- CH: a pilot study","volume":"42","author":"Al-Eissa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Child Abuse Neglect"},{"key":"R7-10-20240903","first-page":"33","article-title":"Child physical and sexual abuse in Dammam, Saudi Arabia: a descriptive case-series analysis study","volume":"2","author":"Al","year":"2012","journal-title":"Egypt J Food Sci"},{"key":"R8-10-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2012.12.007","article-title":"Mandatory reporting of child abuse and neglect: crafting a positive process for health professionals and caregivers","volume":"37","author":"Pietrantonio","year":"2013","journal-title":"Child Abuse Neglect"},{"key":"R9-10-20240903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-807","article-title":"How do public child healthcare pro-fessionals and primary school teachers identify and handle child abuse cases? 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