{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T12:16:47Z","timestamp":1780489007082,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hawaii State Legislature"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006794","name":"Hawaii Invasive Species Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006794","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"NIGMS IDeA Networks of Biomedical Research Excellence","award":["P20GM103466"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20GM103466"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018524","name":"Kansas IDeA Network of Biomedical Research Excellence","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018524","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University of Hawai'i at M\u0101noa College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008782","name":"University of Hawai'i","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008782","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal for Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T19:52:04Z","timestamp":1750276324000},"page":"104703","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Positive correlation of prevalence of Angiostongylis cantonensis in Parmarion martensi (semi-slug) with higher human neuroangiostrongyliasis (rat lungworm disease) caseloads in east Hawai\u2018i Island"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9824-0509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.I.","family":"Jarvi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.M.","family":"Kaluna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6166-3199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.","family":"Howe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.D.","family":"Fiedler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.T.","family":"Vlautin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.G.","family":"Severino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Botticelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"McHugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(08)60366-8","article-title":"Biology and distribution of the rat lungworm, Angiostrongylus cantonensis, and its relationship to eosinophilic meningoencephalitis and other neurological disorders of man and animals","volume":"3","author":"Alicata","year":"1965","journal-title":"Adv. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.JJID.2004.184","article-title":"Changing epidemiology of Angiostrongyliasis cantonensis in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan","volume":"57","author":"Asato","year":"2004","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0015","first-page":"1","article-title":"Catalog and bibliography of the nonindigenous nonmarine snails and slugs of the Hawai\u2018i an Islands","volume":"50","author":"Cowie","year":"1997","journal-title":"Bishop Museum Occas. Pap."},{"issue":"Supplement 2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0020","first-page":"70","article-title":"Pathways for transmission of angiostrongyliasis and the risk of disease associated with them","volume":"72","author":"Cowie","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hawai\u2018i J. Med. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2102","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.7b00335","article-title":"Angiostrongylus cantonensis: agent of a sometimes fatal globally emerging infectious disease (rat lungworm disease)","volume":"8","author":"Cowie","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Nerosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0030","first-page":"7","article-title":"Parmarion martensi Simroth, 1893 (Gastropoda: Ariophantidae), an intermediate host of Angiostrongylus cantonensis (rat lungworm), on Maui","volume":"123","author":"Cowie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bishop Museum Occas. Pap."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.22-0360","article-title":"Neuroangiostrongyliasis: Global spread of an emerging tropical disease","author":"Cowie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_bib173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.6735","article-title":"Phytosanitary irradiation using X-rays prevents reproduction in the semi-slug Parmarion martensi (Stylommatophora: Ariophantidae), a host of the human pathogenic nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Rhabditida: Angiostrongylidae)","volume":"78","author":"Follett","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pest Manag. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0045","first-page":"319","article-title":"Occurrence of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in rodents, intermediate and paratenic hosts on the island of Oahu","volume":"48","author":"Higa","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Environ. Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1311.070367","article-title":"Distribution of eosinophilic meningitis cases attributable to Angiostrongylus cantonensis, Hawai\u2018i","volume":"13","author":"Hochberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.11-0322","article-title":"Eosinophilic meningitis attributable to Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection in Hawai\u2018i: Clinical characteristics and potential exposures","volume":"85","author":"Hochberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.2984\/1534-6188(2007)61[457:DOPCMP]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Distribution of Parmarion cf. martensi (Pulmonata: Helicarionidae), a new semi-slug pest on Hawai\u2018i Island, and its potential as a vector for human angiostrongyliasis","volume":"61","author":"Hollingsworth","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pac. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0065","first-page":"139","article-title":"Parasitic meningo-encephalitis in Hawai\u2018i. a new parasitic disease of man","volume":"21","author":"Horio","year":"1961","journal-title":"Hawai\u2018i Med. J."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0209813","article-title":"Water transmission potential of Angiostrongylus cantonensis: Larval viability and effectiveness of rainwater catchment sediment filters","volume":"14","author":"Howe","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2012.08.002","article-title":"Quantitative PCR estimates Angiostrongylus cantonensis (rat lungworm) infection levels in semi-slugs (Parmarion martensi)","volume":"185","author":"Jarvi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_bib171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0189458","article-title":"High prevalence of Angiostrongylus cantonensis (rat lungworm) on eastern Hawai\u2018i Island: A closer look at life cycle traits and patterns of infection in wild rats (Rattus spp.)","volume":"12","author":"Jarvi","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s40475-018-0132-z","article-title":"Angiostrongyliasis or rat lungworm disease: a perspective from Hawai\u2018i","volume":"5","author":"Jarvi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Trop. Med. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0242","article-title":"Estimating human exposure to rat lungworm (Angiostrongylus cantonensis) on Hawai\u2018i Island: a pilot study","volume":"102","author":"Jarvi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.23-0570","article-title":"Efficacy of X-ray phytosanitary irradiation on the infectivity and reproduction of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in experimentally-infected rats","author":"Jarvi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.19-0280","article-title":"Review of cases of angiostrongyliasis in Hawai\u2018i, 2007-2017","volume":"101","author":"Johnston","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0094969","article-title":"Diverse gastropod hosts of Angiostrongylus cantonensis, the rat lungworm, globally and with a focus on the Hawai\u2018i an islands","volume":"9","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182018001026","article-title":"Modelling the distribution in Hawai\u2018i of Angiostrongylus cantonensis (rat lungworm) in its gastropod hosts","volume":"146","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(92)90097-A","article-title":"Eosinophilic meningitis beyond the Pacific Basin: the global dispersal of a peridomestic zoonosis caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis, the nematode lungworm of rats","volume":"34","author":"Kliks","year":"1992","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0115","unstructured":"Leathers, J., 2016. California pest rating for a semi-slug, Parmarion martensi (Simroth), Gastropoda: Helicarionidae, pest rating: A. Retrieved from the California Department of Food and Agriculture website: https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=1708 (accessed 04 September 2020)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1071\/ZO9550001","article-title":"The life history of the rat lungworm, Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Chen) (Nema-toda: Metastrongylidae)","volume":"3","author":"Mackerras","year":"1955","journal-title":"Aust. J. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-020-01484-x","article-title":"Species identity and size are associated with rat lungworm infection in gastropods","volume":"17","author":"Medeiros","year":"2021","journal-title":"EcoHealth"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1017\/S003118202000164X","article-title":"Variation in Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection in definitive and intermediate hosts in Hawaii, a global hotspot of rat lungworm disease","volume":"148","author":"Niebuhr","year":"2021","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.7589\/2018-12-294","article-title":"Occurrence of rat lungworm (Angiostrongylus cantonensis) in invasive coqui frogs (Eleutherodactylus coqui) and other hosts in Hawai\u2018i","volume":"56","author":"Niebuhr","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Wildlife Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0140","first-page":"358","article-title":"PCR: How to kill unwanted DNA","volume":"12","author":"Prince","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biotechniques"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5287","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00546-10","article-title":"Improved molecular detection of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in mollusks and other environmental samples with a species-specific internal transcribed spacer 1-base TaqMan assay","volume":"76","author":"Qvarnstrom","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"issue":"Supplement 2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0150","first-page":"63","article-title":"Detection of rat lungworm in intermediate, definitive, and paratenic hosts obtained from environmental sources","volume":"72","author":"Qvarnstrom","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hawai\u2018i J. Med. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1962.03050080032007","article-title":"Eosinophilic meningoencephalitis caused by a metastrongylid lung-worm of rats","volume":"179","author":"Rosen","year":"1961","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a120673","article-title":"Studies on eosinophilic meningitis. 3. Epidemiologic and clinical observations on Pacific Islands and the possible etiologic role of Angiostrongylus cantonensis","volume":"65","author":"Rosen","year":"1967","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_bib172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1594","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1791","article-title":"AcanR3990 qPCR: A Novel, Highly Sensitive, Bioinformatically-Informed Assay to Detect Angiostrongylus cantonensis Infections","volume":"73","author":"Sears","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Infect Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004_b0170","first-page":"19","article-title":"Rat lungworm (Angiostrongylus cantonensis) in Hawai\u2018i: updated host gastropod records and distributions on Maui","volume":"23","author":"Yeung","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bishop Museum Occasion. Pap."}],"container-title":["International Journal for Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0020751925001146?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0020751925001146?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:30:17Z","timestamp":1777458617000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0020751925001146"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0020751925001146"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-7519"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-7519","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Positive correlation of prevalence of Angiostongylis cantonensis in Parmarion martensi (semi-slug) with higher human neuroangiostrongyliasis (rat lungworm disease) caseloads in east Hawai\u2018i Island","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal for Parasitology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpara.2025.06.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Australian Society for Parasitology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104703"}}