{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T13:17:39Z","timestamp":1790255859819,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]],"date-time":"2020-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597363200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007059","name":"Northwestern University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 GM008449"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 GM008449"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007059","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21AI121836"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21AI121836"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSF CSBR 1930382"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSF CSBR 1930382"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P40 OD010440"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P40 OD010440"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000875","name":"Pew Charitable Trusts","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000875","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HA 8449\/1-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HA 8449\/1-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal for Parasitology: Drugs and Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,20]],"date-time":"2020-08-20T11:57:36Z","timestamp":1597924656000},"page":"28-36","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Quantitative benzimidazole resistance and fitness effects of parasitic nematode beta-tubulin alleles"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4622-8460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clayton M.","family":"Dilks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steffen R.","family":"Hahnel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qicong","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijiang","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1598-3746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick T.","family":"McGrath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0229-9651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erik C.","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1004156","article-title":"A variant in the neuropeptide receptor npr-1 is a major determinant of Caenorhabditis elegans growth and physiology","volume":"10","author":"Andersen","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib2","series-title":"R: a Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2018.10.005","article-title":"Deep amplicon sequencing as a powerful new tool to screen for sequence polymorphisms associated with anthelmintic resistance in parasitic nematode populations","volume":"49","author":"Avramenko","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-61779-867-2_3","article-title":"Caenorhabditis elegans as a model in developmental toxicology","volume":"889","author":"Boyd","year":"2012","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.119.302286","article-title":"A novel gene underlies bleomycin-response variation in Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"212","author":"Brady","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1962.11686153","article-title":"Thiabendazole treatment of the invasive phase of experimental trichinosis in swine","volume":"56","author":"Campbell","year":"1962","journal-title":"Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/S1090-0233(02)00158-2","article-title":"Albendazole sulphoxide enantiomers in pregnant rats embryo concentrations and developmental toxicity","volume":"165","author":"Capece","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.04.012","article-title":"Gastrointestinal nematode infections in adult dairy cattle: impact on production, diagnosis and control","volume":"164","author":"Charlier","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2016.09.006","article-title":"Prevalence of anthelmintic resistance on sheep and goat farms in the mid-Atlantic region and comparison of in vivo and in vitro detection methods","volume":"143","author":"Crook","year":"2016","journal-title":"Small Rumin. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2993","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.109.6.2993","article-title":"Genetic and molecular analysis of a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin that conveys benzimidazole sensitivity","volume":"109","author":"Driscoll","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.00869","article-title":"Maternally expressed and partially redundant \u03b2-tubulins in Caenorhabditis elegans are autoregulated","volume":"117","author":"Ellis","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib12","series-title":"The Gene Scb-1 Underlies Variation in Caenorhabditis elegans Chemotherapeutic Responses","author":"Evans","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.03.046","article-title":"Bacterial metabolism affects the C. elegans response to cancer chemotherapeutics","volume":"169","author":"Garc\u00eda-Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.10.003","article-title":"Phenotyping and genotyping of Haemonchus contortus isolates reveals a new putative candidate mutation for benzimidazole resistance in nematodes","volume":"144","author":"Ghisi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007226","article-title":"Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resistance to benzimidazoles","volume":"14","author":"Hahnel","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-67-3-371","article-title":"Mutational resistance to fungitoxic benzimidazole derivatives in Aspergillus nidulans","volume":"67","author":"Hastie","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. Gen. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-020-02353-z","article-title":"High frequency of benzimidazole resistance alleles in trichostrongyloids from Austrian sheep flocks in an alpine transhumance management system","volume":"16","author":"Hinney","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib18","first-page":"51","article-title":"Refugia and anthelmintic resistance: concepts and challenges","volume":"10","author":"Hodgkinson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol.: Drugs and Drug Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002865","article-title":"The global burden of disease study 2010: interpretation and implications for the neglected tropical diseases","volume":"8","author":"Hotez","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Neglected Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.233.12.1913","article-title":"Prevalence of anthelmintic resistance on sheep and goat farms in the southeastern United States","volume":"233","author":"Howell","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.11.046","article-title":"Integrated parasite management: products for adoption by the Australian sheep industry","volume":"186","author":"Kahn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.11.048","article-title":"An inconvenient truth: global worming and anthelmintic resistance","volume":"186","author":"Kaplan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.114.166389","article-title":"A co-CRISPR strategy for efficient genome editing in Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"197","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2018.12.004","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of a naturally occurring multidrug-resistant strain of the canine hookworm, Ancylostoma caninum","volume":"49","author":"Kitchen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1993.1233","article-title":"Effect of selection for benzimidazole resistance in Haemonchus contortus on beta-tubulin isotype 1 and isotype 2 genes","volume":"191","author":"Kwa","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(94)90066-3","article-title":"Benzimidazole resistance in Haemonchus contortus is correlated with a conserved mutation at amino acid 200 in \u03b2-tubulin isotype 1","volume":"63","author":"Kwa","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1994.0102","article-title":"\u03b2-Tubulin genes from the parasitic NematodeHaemonchus contortusModulate drug resistance inCaenorhabditis elegans","volume":"246","author":"Kwa","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib28","article-title":"A research agenda for helminth diseases of humans: the problem of helminthiases","volume":"6","author":"Lustigman","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Neglected Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib29","series-title":"Proceedings of a Seminar on Parasitic Diseases with Special Reference to Thiabendazole: Presented at [the] IV Pan American Congress of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Mexico City, Nov. 13","year":"1962"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R75","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2006-7-8-r75","article-title":"Codon usage patterns in Nematoda: analysis based on over 25 million codons in thirty-two species","volume":"7","author":"Mitreva","year":"2006","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-3978-6","article-title":"New codon 198 \u03b2-tubulin polymorphisms in highly benzimidazole resistant Haemonchus contortus from goats in three different states in Sudan","volume":"13","author":"Mohammedsalih","year":"2020","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2018.03.004","article-title":"Anthelmintic resistance: management of parasite refugia for Haemonchus contortus through the replacement of resistant with susceptible populations","volume":"254","author":"Muchiut","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.142.4.86","article-title":"Anthelmintic induced congenital malformations in sheep embryos using netobimin","volume":"142","author":"Navarro","year":"1998","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003494","article-title":"The emergence of resistance to the benzimidazole anthlemintics in parasitic nematodes of livestock is characterised by multiple independent hard and soft selective sweeps","volume":"9","author":"Redman","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Neglected Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0146021","article-title":"Dose-response analysis using R","volume":"10","author":"Ritz","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(90)90132-6","article-title":"Molecular analysis of selection for benzimidazole resistance in the sheep parasite Haemonchus contortus","volume":"43","author":"Roos","year":"1990","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2012.12.011","article-title":"Characterization and comparative analysis of the complete Haemonchus contortus \u03b2-tubulin gene family and implications for benzimidazole resistance in strongylid nematodes","volume":"43","author":"Saunders","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(78)90032-6","article-title":"Identification of a gene for \u03b2-tubulin in aspergillus nidulans","volume":"15","author":"Sheir-Neiss","year":"1978","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0111090","article-title":"COPASutils: an R package for reading, processing, and visualizing data from COPAS large-particle flow cytometers","volume":"9","author":"Shimko","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-6851(01)00455-8","article-title":"Mutation in position 167 of isotype 1 beta-tubulin gene of Trichostrongylid nematodes: role in benzimidazole resistance?","volume":"120","author":"Silvestre","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2019.09.001","article-title":"Similarities and differences in the biotransformation and transcriptomic responses of Caenorhabditis elegans and Haemonchus contortus to five different benzimidazole drugs","volume":"11","author":"Stasiuk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol. Drugs Drug Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2010.11.008","article-title":"Anthelmintic resistance in nematode parasites of cattle: a global issue?","volume":"27","author":"Sutherland","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1970.31.05.859","article-title":"Strains of Haemonchus contortus resistant against benzimidazole anthelmintics","volume":"31","author":"Theodorides","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1977.38.06.809","article-title":"Toxicologic and teratologic studies of oxibendazole in ruminants and laboratory animals","volume":"38","author":"Theodorides","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(96)01147-8","article-title":"How long before resistance makes it impossible to control some field strains of Haemonchus contortus in South Africa with any of the modern anthelmintics?","volume":"70","author":"van Wyk","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1017\/S003118200800543X","article-title":"Molecular detection of benzimidazole resistance in Haemonchus contortus using real-time PCR and pyrosequencing","volume":"136","author":"von Samson-Himmelstjerna","year":"2009","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006368","article-title":"Discovery of genomic intervals that underlie nematode responses to benzimidazoles","volume":"12","author":"Zamanian","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Neglected Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1006891","article-title":"Natural variation in a single amino acid substitution underlies physiological responses to topoisomerase II poisons","volume":"13","author":"Zdraljevic","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.38675","article-title":"Changes to social feeding behaviors are not sufficient for fitness gains of the Caenorhabditis elegans N2 reference strain","volume":"7","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Elife"}],"container-title":["International Journal for Parasitology: Drugs and Drug Resistance"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211320720300233?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211320720300233?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T11:40:08Z","timestamp":1778845208000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2211320720300233"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["S2211320720300233"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2020.07.07.191866","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2211-3207"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-3207","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Quantitative benzimidazole resistance and fitness effects of parasitic nematode beta-tubulin alleles","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal for Parasitology: Drugs and Drug Resistance","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Australian Society for Parasitology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}