{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T09:22:01Z","timestamp":1790846521127,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002491","name":"Bristol-Myers Squibb","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002491","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004774","name":"New England Biolabs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004774","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000200","name":"United States Agency for International Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000200","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006436","name":"Celgene","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006436","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OPP1111431"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1111431"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal for Parasitology: Drugs and Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]],"date-time":"2022-06-22T21:56:24Z","timestamp":1655934984000},"page":"89-97","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Filarial nematode phenotypic screening cascade to identify compounds with anti-parasitic activity for drug discovery optimization"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8930-1533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalie","family":"Hawryluk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1111-7189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Zhiru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clotilde","family":"Carlow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8451-7044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suzanne","family":"Gokool","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Townson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamara","family":"Kreiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Chojnowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Prorok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Siekierka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2570-4034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Ehrens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8815-6840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianne","family":"Koschel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathaly","family":"Lhermitte-Vallarino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Coralie","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Achim","family":"Hoerauf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5799-4662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geraldine","family":"Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2363-9590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stacie","family":"Canan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vikram","family":"Khetani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0184-0672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jerome","family":"Zeldis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5351-5812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabine","family":"Specht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8885-418X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc P.","family":"H\u00fcbner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Scandale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1039\/D0MD00353K","article-title":"Collaborative virtual screening to elaborate an imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine hit series for visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"12","author":"Akao","year":"2021","journal-title":"RSC Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e217","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000217","article-title":"Of mice, cattle, and humans: the immunology and treatment of river blindness","volume":"2","author":"Allen","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Neglected Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2019.05.003","article-title":"Ivermectin: from theory to clinical application","volume":"54","author":"Ashour","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1351\/pac200779071153","article-title":"Glossary of terms used in toxicology, 2nd edition (IUPAC Recommendations 2007)","volume":"79","author":"Duffus","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pure Appl. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-48720-1","article-title":"Drug screening for discovery of broad-spectrum agents for soil-transmitted nematodes","volume":"9","author":"Elfawal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008119","article-title":"S100A8\/S100A9 deficiency increases neutrophil activation and protective immune responses against invading infective L3 larvae of the filarial nematode Litomosoides sigmodontis","volume":"14","author":"Frohberger","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Neglected Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.115.175851","article-title":"Measuring food intake and nutrient absorption in <em>Caenorhabditis elegans<\/em&gt","volume":"200","author":"Gomez-Amaro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib8","first-page":"237","article-title":"Caenorhabditis elegans in anthelmintic research \u2013 Old model, new perspectives","volume":"14","author":"Hahnel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol.: Drugs Drug Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000050113","article-title":"An improved technique for the cryopreservation of Onchocerca microfilariae","volume":"83","author":"Ham","year":"1981","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1021\/acsinfecdis.9b00469","article-title":"Macrofilaricides: an unmet medical need for filarial diseases","volume":"6","author":"Hawryluk","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib11","first-page":"161","article-title":"Onchocerciasis drug discovery","volume":"77","author":"Hawryluk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Methods Princ Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70139-X","article-title":"Loa loa: neglected neurology and nematodes","volume":"12","author":"Holmes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/S1359-6446(04)03069-7","article-title":"Ligand efficiency: a useful metric for lead selection","volume":"9","author":"Hopkins","year":"2004","journal-title":"Drug Discov. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd4163","article-title":"The role of ligand efficiency metrics in drug discovery","volume":"13","author":"Hopkins","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1200391","article-title":"Disease eradication","volume":"368","author":"Hopkins","year":"2013","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007636","article-title":"In vivo kinetics of Wolbachia depletion by ABBV-4083 in L. sigmodontis adult worms and microfilariae","volume":"13","author":"Hubner","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Neglected Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008427","article-title":"Oxfendazole mediates macrofilaricidal efficacy against the filarial nematode Litomosoides sigmodontis in vivo and inhibits Onchocerca spec. motility in vitro","volume":"14","author":"Hubner","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Neglected Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2009.05.009","article-title":"Litomosoides sigmodontis: a simple method to infect mice with L3 larvae obtained from the pleural space of recently infected jirds (Meriones unguiculatus)","volume":"123","author":"Hubner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005596","article-title":"Migratory phase of Litomosoides sigmodontis filarial infective larvae is associated with pathology and transient increase of S100A9 expressing neutrophils in the lung","volume":"11","author":"Karadjian","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Neglected Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2174","DOI":"10.2174\/092986711795656234","article-title":"Filariasis: current status, treatment and recent advances in drug development","volume":"18","author":"Katiyar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.4155\/fmc.13.190","article-title":"Proposing advancement criteria for efficient DMPK triage of new chemical entities","volume":"6","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2014","journal-title":"Future Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00002-13","article-title":"A comprehensive, model-based review of vaccine and repeat infection trials for filariasis","volume":"26","author":"Morris","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201747180","article-title":"Evidence for dispensability of protein kinase R in host control of tuberculosis","volume":"48","author":"Mundhra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2013.12.001","article-title":"C. elegans in high-throughput drug discovery","volume":"69\u201370","author":"O'Reilly","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2010.12.008","article-title":"The role of a Brugia malayi p38 MAP kinase ortholog (Bm-MPK1) in parasite anti-oxidative stress responses","volume":"176","author":"Patel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/1992675144","article-title":"Maturation of the filaria Litomosoides sigmodontis in BALB\/c mice; comparative susceptibility of nine other inbred strains","volume":"67","author":"Petit","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann. Parasitol. Hum. Comp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-706X(91)90015-C","article-title":"The reproductive lifespan of Onchocerca volvulus in West African savanna","volume":"48","author":"Plaisier","year":"1991","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1715","DOI":"10.1002\/med.21668","article-title":"Drug discovery technologies: Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for anthelmintic therapeutics","volume":"40","author":"Sepulveda-Crespo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med. Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00238","article-title":"Pharmacologic inhibition of host phosphodiesterase-4 improves isoniazid-mediated clearance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"7","author":"Subbian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X00010907","article-title":"Onchocerca lienalis: comparison of techniques for the cryopreservation of microfilariae within skin-snips or free of host tissues","volume":"65","author":"Tagboto","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Helminthol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2425","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-014-3969-7","article-title":"Present-day anthelmintics and perspectives on future new targets","volume":"113","author":"Taman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X00010178","article-title":"Drug activity against Onchocerca gutturosa males in vitro: a model for chemotherapeutic research on onchocerciasis","volume":"61","author":"Townson","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Helminthol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S63","DOI":"10.1517\/17460441.2.S1.S63","article-title":"Challenges in drug discovery for novel antifilarials","volume":"2","author":"Townson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Expet Opin. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmedchemlett.7b00477","article-title":"Discovery of a stress-Activated protein kinase inhibitor for lymphatic filariasis","volume":"9","author":"Tummalapalli","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib34","first-page":"681","article-title":"681 Progress report on the elimination of human onchocerciasis, 2016-2017","volume":"92","author":"WHO","year":"2017","journal-title":"Wkly. Epidemiol. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib35","first-page":"594","article-title":"Global programme to eliminate lymphatic filariasis: progress report, 2016","volume":"92","author":"WHO","year":"2017","journal-title":"Wkly. Epidemiol. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib36","first-page":"178","article-title":"Validated liquid culture monitoring system for lifespan extension of Caenorhabditis elegans through genetic and dietary manipulations","volume":"4","author":"Win","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aging Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib37","series-title":"The Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans","author":"Wood","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002_bib38","series-title":"Cell Isolation and Culture","first-page":"1","author":"Zhang","year":"2013"}],"container-title":["International Journal for Parasitology: Drugs and Drug Resistance"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211320722000136?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211320722000136?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T14:52:08Z","timestamp":1761922328000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2211320722000136"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["S2211320722000136"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-3207"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-3207","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Filarial nematode phenotypic screening cascade to identify compounds with anti-parasitic activity for drug discovery optimization","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal for Parasitology: Drugs and Drug Resistance","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2022.06.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Australian Society for Parasitology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}