{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T14:13:19Z","timestamp":1778854399543,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]],"date-time":"2026-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]],"date-time":"2026-01-03T15:53:52Z","timestamp":1767455632000},"page":"101187","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Molecular detection of vector-borne and hemotropic pathogens in raccoons (Procyon lotor) from a tropical ecotourism area in Costa Rica"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2266-3258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Calder\u00f3n-Bailey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2380-0281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ernesto","family":"Rojas-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0702-3579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Mata-Mas\u00eds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3393-5710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mauricio","family":"Jim\u00e9nez-Soto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7774-8306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antony","family":"Solorzano-Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6870-252X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Jos\u00e9","family":"Zuniga-Moya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6068-4841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Varela-Amador","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1700-3895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen","family":"Vega-Benavides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9566-5130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaby","family":"Dolz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1108.050085","article-title":"Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Sardinia, Italy","volume":"11","author":"Alberti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-018-1356-9","article-title":"Molecular analysis of carnivore protoparvovirus detected in white blood cells of naturally infected cats","volume":"14","author":"Balboni","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2208.151627","article-title":"Baylisascaris procyonis parasites in raccoons, Costa Rica, 2014","volume":"22","author":"Baldi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12635","article-title":"Salmonellosis detection and evidence of antibiotic resistance in an urban raccoon population in a highly populated area, Costa Rica","volume":"66","author":"Baldi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-51173-w","article-title":"Molecular detection and identification of hemotropic Mycoplasma species in dogs and their ectoparasites in Iran","volume":"14","author":"Beus","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-3-26","article-title":"Biology and ecology of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus","volume":"3","author":"Dantas-Torres","year":"2010","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib7","series-title":"5th Latin American Congress on Rickettsial Diseases","article-title":"Ehrlichia spp. and Anaplasma spp. in wild mammals in protected and urban areas of Costa Rica","author":"Dolz","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3034","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.13963","article-title":"A potential zoonotic threat: first detection of Baylisascaris procyonis in a wild raccoon from Austria","volume":"68","author":"Duscher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transbound. Emerg. Dis."},{"issue":"1 Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib9","article-title":"Zoonotic spillover: understanding basic aspects for better prevention","volume":"44","author":"Ellwanger","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genet. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib10","author":"Farrera-Hern\u00e1ndez"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/593232","article-title":"Effects of climate change on ticks and tick-borne diseases in Europe","author":"Gray","year":"2009","journal-title":"Interdiscip. Perspect. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib12","first-page":"95","article-title":"BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor for Windows 95\/98\/NT","volume":"41","author":"Hall","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Symp. Ser."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0804.010228","article-title":"Feline host range of canine parvovirus: emergence of new antigenic types in cats","volume":"8","author":"Ikeda","year":"2002","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09575","article-title":"Impacts of biodiversity on the emergence and transmission of infectious diseases","volume":"468","author":"Keesing","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0605.000505","article-title":"Naturally occurring Ehrlichia chaffeensis infection in coyotes from Oklahoma","volume":"6","author":"Kocan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.7.3195-3200.2001","article-title":"Species-specific PCR for identifying common mollicutes contaminants in cell culture","volume":"67","author":"Kong","year":"2001","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib17","article-title":"Detection of mycoplasma contamination in cell cultures by group-specific PCR","volume":"60","author":"Kuppeveld","year":"1994","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.1.90-98.2004","article-title":"Rickettsia species infecting Amblyomma cooperi ticks from an area in the State of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil, where Brazilian Spotted Fever is endemic","volume":"42","author":"Labruna","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-023-05996-7","article-title":"Circulation of Anaplasma phagocytophilum among invasive and native carnivores in Poland","volume":"16","author":"Lesiczka","year":"2023","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1855","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.3.1855","article-title":"Outer membrane protein-specific monoclonal antibodies protect SCID mice from fatal Ehrlichia chaffeensis infection","volume":"166","author":"Li","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib21","first-page":"1000","article-title":"Molecular evidence for hemotropic Mycoplasma species in wild North American raccoons (Procyon lotor)","volume":"49","author":"Maggi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Wildl. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.15359\/rcv.34-1.4","article-title":"Reporte de Hepatozoon procyonis en mapaches de Costa Rica","volume":"34","author":"Meneses","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. Ciencias Vet."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.13917","article-title":"Circulation of diverse protoparvoviruses in wild carnivores, Italy","volume":"68","author":"Ndiana","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transbound. Emerg. Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib25","first-page":"1","article-title":"Identificaci\u00f3n de genogrupos de protoparvovirus en leucocitos de gatos dom\u00e9sticos del Valle Central, Costa Rica","volume":"42","author":"Obando-Corella","year":"2024","journal-title":"Rev. Ciencias Vet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2017.12.021","article-title":"Arthropod-borne pathogens of dogs and cats: from pathways and times of transmission to disease control","volume":"251","author":"Otranto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.2193\/0091-7648(2006)34[1045:EOZFFI]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Efficacy of Zoletil\u00ae for field immobilization of raccoons","volume":"34","author":"Pitt","year":"2006","journal-title":"Wildl. Soc. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.3201\/eid3009.231415","article-title":"Zoonotic Mansonella ozzardi in raccoons, Costa Rica, 2019\u20132022","volume":"30","author":"Quesada","year":"2024","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib29","series-title":"Fowler'S Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine","first-page":"491","article-title":"Procyonids and viverids","author":"Ramsay","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12030389","article-title":"Bacterial and viral pathogens with One Health relevance in invasive raccoons (Procyon lotor, Linn\u00e9 1758) in southwest Germany","volume":"12","author":"Reinhardt","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1007\/s10493-015-9935-y","article-title":"Neoehrlichiosis: an emerging zoonosis caused by Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis","volume":"68","author":"Silaghi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp. Appl. Acarol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2005.73.1083","article-title":"A highly sensitive and specific real-time PCR assay for the detection of spotted fever and typhus group Rickettsiae","volume":"73","author":"Stenos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1007\/s10344-019-1339-6","article-title":"Wild raccoons in Germany as a reservoir for zoonotic agents","volume":"65","author":"Stope","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Wildl. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/972380","article-title":"Ultrasonic measurement of body fat as a means of assessing body condition in free-ranging racoons (Procyon lotor)","author":"Stringer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Intl. J. Zool. ID"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1550-7408.1994.tb06085.x","article-title":"Discrimination amongst Leishmania by PCR and hybridization with rDNA oligonucleotides","author":"Uliana","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Eukaryot. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-82581-7","article-title":"Detection and phylogenetic analysis of blood-associated pathogens from spleen samples of wild raccoons (Procyon lotor) in Germany","volume":"14","author":"Unterk\u00f6fler","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46652015000400014","article-title":"Molecular investigation of hemotropic Mycoplasma in humans, dogs and horses in southern Brazil","volume":"57","author":"Vieira","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00211-17","article-title":"Prevalence, genotype richness, and coinfection patterns of hemotropic mycoplasmas in raccoons (Procyon lotor) on environmentally protected and urbanized barrier islands","volume":"83","author":"Volokhov","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2023.04.011","article-title":"Demographic, environmental and physiological predictors of gastrointestinal parasites in urban raccoons","volume":"21","author":"Wait","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol. Parasites Wildl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187_bib40","article-title":"Molecular investigation and phylogeny of Anaplasma spp. in Mediterranean ruminants reveal the presence of neutrophil-tropic strains closely related to","volume":"80","author":"Zobba","year":"2014","journal-title":"A. platys. Appl. Environ. Microbiol."}],"container-title":["International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213224426000027?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213224426000027?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T13:56:30Z","timestamp":1778853390000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213224426000027"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["S2213224426000027"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-2244"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-2244","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Molecular detection of vector-borne and hemotropic pathogens in raccoons (Procyon lotor) from a tropical ecotourism area in Costa Rica","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2026.101187","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Australian Society for Parasitology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101187"}}