{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T20:01:57Z","timestamp":1790452917366,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["IJID Regions"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T09:49:43Z","timestamp":1755510583000},"page":"100733","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Prevalence of cough and associated symptoms among pilgrims in large mass gathering event 2024: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Anas","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahad","family":"Alamri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reem","family":"Hasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2229-2871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariyyah","family":"Alburayh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghadah","family":"Alsaleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Areej","family":"Alshamrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hala","family":"Aljishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaffar","family":"Al-Tawfiq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(11)70246-8","article-title":"Global perspectives for prevention of infectious diseases associated with mass gatherings","volume":"12","author":"Abubakar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-018-0650-9","article-title":"Infectious diseases and mass gatherings","volume":"20","author":"Hoang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Infect Dis Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2073","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30501-X","article-title":"Mass gatherings medicine: public health issues arising from mass gathering religious and sporting events","volume":"393","author":"Memish","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2015.12.008","article-title":"Hajj-associated viral respiratory infections: a systematic review","volume":"14","author":"Gautret","year":"2016","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2020.12.6.964","article-title":"Impact of chronic cough on health-related quality of life in the Korean adult general population: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010\u20132016","volume":"12","author":"Won","year":"2020","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Immunol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0006","first-page":"906","article-title":"Control of respiratory tract infections during Hajj pilgrimage: a narrative review","volume":"10","author":"Alsagri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv Clin Experimental Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8305.2009.00384.x","article-title":"The prevalence of acute respiratory symptoms and role of protective measures among Malaysian Hajj pilgrims","volume":"17","author":"Deris","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Travel Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1715","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200012073432308","article-title":"The diagnosis and treatment of cough","volume":"343","author":"Irwin","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Eng J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"000338","DOI":"10.1099\/acmi.0.000338","article-title":"Evaluation of the rate, pattern and appropriateness of antibiotic prescription in a cohort of pilgrims suffering from upper respiratory tract infection during the 2018 Hajj season","volume":"4","author":"Bokhary","year":"2022","journal-title":"Access Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17771","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-54370-0","article-title":"Respiratory tract infections among French Hajj pilgrims from 2014 to 2017","volume":"9","author":"Hoang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-022-07559-0","article-title":"Syndromic surveillance of respiratory-tract infections and hand hygiene practice among pilgrims attended Hajj in 2021: a cohort study","volume":"22","author":"Mahdi","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2015.09.008","article-title":"The inevitable Hajj cough: Surveillance data in French pilgrims, 2012\u20132014","volume":"13","author":"Gautret","year":"2015","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2016.04.016","article-title":"Mass gathering medicine (Hajj Pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia): the clinical pattern of pneumonia among pilgrims during Hajj","volume":"10","author":"Shirah","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Infect Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.20-1460","article-title":"Morbidity among Arab\u2013Israeli and Palestinian Hajj Pilgrims: a prospective study","volume":"104","author":"Fteiha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11020244","article-title":"Healthcare research in mass religious gatherings and emergency management: a comprehensive narrative review","volume":"11","author":"Almehmadi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16","DOI":"10.5415\/apallergy.2019.9.e16","article-title":"Environmental triggers for chronic cough","volume":"9","author":"Jo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Asia Pac Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2011.12.003","article-title":"Environmental factors affecting the transmission of respiratory viruses","volume":"2","author":"Pica","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1007\/s11165-016-9602-2","article-title":"The use of Cronbach\u2019s alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education","volume":"48","author":"Taber","year":"2018","journal-title":"Res Sci Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0019","first-page":"351","article-title":"Common health complains among pilgrims during Manasik El Hajj; Season 1439H (2018)","volume":"8","author":"Alamri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Merit Res J Med Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2019.11.6.871","article-title":"Age and sex distribution of Chinese chronic cough patients and their relationship with capsaicin cough sensitivity","volume":"11","author":"Lai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Immunol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1515\/reveh-2015-0076","article-title":"Respiratory health outcomes and air pollution in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: a systematic review","volume":"31","author":"Abdo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Environ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pupt.2019.01.009","article-title":"Chronic cough and obesity","volume":"55","author":"Guilleminault","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pulm Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0078081","article-title":"Cough in the elderly population: relationships with multiple comorbidity","volume":"8","author":"Song","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-7061(99)00165-X","article-title":"Candesartan cilexetil is not associated with cough in hypertensive patients with enalapril-induced cough","volume":"13","author":"Tanser","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhino14.149","article-title":"The natural history of community-acquired common colds symptoms assessed over 4-years","volume":"53","author":"Witek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rhinology J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2024.102784","article-title":"Vaccinations for Hajj: Enhancing health and global health security","volume":"63","author":"Khan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.24911\/SJEMed\/72-1626117547","article-title":"The impact of preventive measures on acute illnesses among pilgrims during Hajj season","volume":"2","author":"Alsofayan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Saudi J Emerg Med"}],"container-title":["IJID Regions"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2772707625001687?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2772707625001687?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T12:22:44Z","timestamp":1770898964000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2772707625001687"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":27,"alternative-id":["S2772707625001687"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733","relation":{},"ISSN":["2772-7076"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2772-7076","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Prevalence of cough and associated symptoms among pilgrims in large mass gathering event 2024: a cross-sectional study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"IJID Regions","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijregi.2025.100733","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100733"}}