{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T22:08:25Z","timestamp":1785881305923,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMS-1719828"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMS-1719828"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMS-1847865"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMS-1847865"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013362","name":"Swiss Cancer Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KFS-4528-08-2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KFS-4528-08-2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013362","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","redjournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T21:29:15Z","timestamp":1618954155000},"page":"196-207","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Optimal Allocation of Proton Therapy Slots in Combined Proton-Photon Radiation Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Loizeau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Fabiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D\u00e1vid","family":"Papp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin","family":"St\u00fctzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annika","family":"Jakobi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Bandurska-Luque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esther G.C.","family":"Troost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Richter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Unkelbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2016.11.006","article-title":"Proton therapy\u2014present and future","volume":"109","author":"Mohan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0002","unstructured":"National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. Available at: https:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov\/. Accessed February 21, 2021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2015.04.031","article-title":"Identification of patient benefit from proton therapy for advanced head and neck cancer patients based on individual and subgroup normal tissue complication probability analysis","volume":"92","author":"Jakobi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0004","series-title":"Proton Therapy Physics","author":"Paganetti","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0005","unstructured":"Particle Therapy Co-Operative Group. Particle therapy facilities in clinical operation. Available at: https:\/\/www.ptcog.ch\/index.php\/facilities-in-operation. Accessed April 22, 2020."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e79","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(12)70556-9","article-title":"Radiotherapy capacity in European countries: An analysis of the Directory of Radiotherapy Centres (DIRAC) database","volume":"14","author":"Rosenblatt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1038\/549451a","article-title":"Three ways to make proton therapy affordable","volume":"549","author":"Bortfeld","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/0034-4885\/79\/9\/096702","article-title":"Nuclear physics in particle therapy: A review","volume":"79","author":"Durante","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rep Prog Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0009","series-title":"National Proton Beam Therapy Service Development Programme: Strategic outline case","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1080\/02841860500361049","article-title":"Number of patients potentially eligible for proton therapy","volume":"44","author":"Glimelius","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2014.03.023","article-title":"Principles and reality of proton therapy treatment allocation","volume":"89","author":"Bekelman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2013.06.031","article-title":"The model-based approach to clinical studies in particle radiotherapy\u2014A new concept in evidence based radiation oncology?","volume":"107","author":"Grau","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol J Eur Soc Ther Radiol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2013.05.007","article-title":"Selection of patients for radiotherapy with protons aiming at reduction of side effects: The model-based approach","volume":"107","author":"Langendijk","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clon.2018.01.007","article-title":"Mathematical modelling for patient selection in proton therapy","volume":"30","author":"Mee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0015","series-title":"ASTRO Model Policies: Proton Beam Therapy (PBT)","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1002\/1878-0261.12677","article-title":"Particle therapy in Europe","volume":"14","author":"Grau","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8140(01)00403-0","article-title":"A treatment planning comparison of 3D conformal therapy, intensity modulated photon therapy and proton therapy for treatment of advanced head and neck tumours","volume":"61","author":"Cozzi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meddos.2013.05.001","article-title":"Spot-scanning beam proton therapy vs intensity-modulated radiation therapy for ipsilateral head and neck malignancies: A treatment planning comparison","volume":"38","author":"Kandula","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med Dosim"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2018.11.015","article-title":"Intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT)\u2014The future of IMRT for head and neck cancer","volume":"88","author":"Moreno","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2010.05.012","article-title":"Potential benefits of scanned intensity-modulated proton therapy versus advanced photon therapy with regard to sparing of the salivary glands in oropharyngeal cancer","volume":"79","author":"van de Water","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2010-0171","article-title":"The potential benefit of radiotherapy with protons in head and neck cancer with respect to normal tissue sparing: A systematic review of literature","volume":"16","author":"van de Water","year":"2011","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0152477","article-title":"Robust intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) increases estimated clinical benefit in head and neck cancer patients","volume":"11","author":"van Dijk","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2015.10.004","article-title":"The quest for evidence for proton therapy: Model-based approach and precision medicine","volume":"95","author":"Widder","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2015.00256","article-title":"Increase in tumor control and normal tissue complication probabilities in advanced head-and-neck cancer for dose-escalated intensity-modulated photon and proton therapy","volume":"5","author":"Jakobi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2011.08.009","article-title":"Predictive modelling for swallowing dysfunction after primary (chemo)radiation: Results of a prospective observational study","volume":"105","author":"Christianen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2012.03.004","article-title":"NTCP models for patient-rated xerostomia and sticky saliva after treatment with intensity modulated radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: The role of dosimetric and clinical factors","volume":"105","author":"Beetz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2009.07.1685","article-title":"A comparison of dose-response models for the parotid gland in a large group of head-and-neck cancer patients","volume":"76","author":"Houweling","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/31372149","article-title":"21 years of biologically effective dose","volume":"83","author":"Fowler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-62-740-679","article-title":"The linear-quadratic formula and progress in fractionated radiotherapy","volume":"62","author":"Fowler","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0030","series-title":"Integer and Combinatorial Optimization","author":"Wolsey","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2019.06.032","article-title":"Proton vs photon: A model-based approach to patient selection for reduction of cardiac toxicity in locally advanced lung cancer","volume":"152","author":"Teoh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2016.08.022","article-title":"Toward a model-based patient selection strategy for proton therapy: External validation of photon-derived normal tissue complication probability models in a head and neck proton therapy cohort","volume":"121","author":"Blanchard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/aafe52","article-title":"Optimal combined proton-photon therapy schemes based on the standard BED model","volume":"64","author":"Ten Eikelder","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/ab18c7","article-title":"Hybrid proton-photon inverse optimization with uniformity-regularized proton and photon target dose","volume":"64","author":"Gao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2017.12.031","article-title":"Optimization of combined proton-photon treatments","volume":"128","author":"Unkelbach","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2019.12.013","article-title":"Combined proton-photon treatments\u2014A new approach to proton therapy without a gantry","volume":"145","author":"Fabiano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0360301621003564?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0360301621003564?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T09:53:07Z","timestamp":1759744387000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0360301621003564"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0360301621003564"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054","relation":{},"ISSN":["0360-3016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0360-3016","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Optimal Allocation of Proton Therapy Slots in Combined Proton-Photon Radiation Therapy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.03.054","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}