{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T23:51:37Z","timestamp":1785887497158,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Institutes of Health National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007313","name":"University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007313","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","redjournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T23:38:10Z","timestamp":1780443490000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Musculoskeletal and Marrow Sparing With Proton FLASH Radiation Therapy in Juvenile Mice"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6724-4913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zongsheng","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uwe","family":"Titt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuting","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elise","family":"Konradsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edgardo A.","family":"Aguilar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denae W.","family":"Neill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luke","family":"Connell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaochun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry James","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihai Lurascu","family":"Gagea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan L.","family":"McGovern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emil","family":"Sch\u00fcler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radhe","family":"Mohan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-0284-9_1","article-title":"The epidemiology of osteosarcoma","volume":"152","author":"Ottaviani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1080\/07357907.2020.1768401","article-title":"Epidemiology and risk factors of osteosarcoma","volume":"38","author":"Sadykova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2107","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.34163","article-title":"Osteosarcoma: A surveillance, epidemiology, and end results program-based analysis from 1975 to 2017","volume":"128","author":"Cole","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-022-00409-y","article-title":"Osteosarcoma","volume":"8","author":"Beird","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.21037\/aoj.2019.12.03","article-title":"Primary tumor resection in patients with metastatic osteosarcoma","volume":"4","author":"Traven","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Joint"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20959","article-title":"Osteosarcoma of the pelvis in children and young adults: The St. Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital experience","volume":"103","author":"Saab","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7819-11-89","article-title":"Osteosarcoma of the spine: Surgical treatment and outcomes","volume":"11","author":"Feng","year":"2013","journal-title":"World J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-021-00519-8","article-title":"Advancing therapy for osteosarcoma","volume":"18","author":"Gill","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2021.08.1995","article-title":"Bone sarcomas: ESMO\u2013EURACAN\u2013GENTURIS\u2013ERN PaedCan clinical practice guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up","volume":"32","author":"Strauss","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2767","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.9465.1","article-title":"Advances in the management of osteosarcoma","volume":"5","author":"Bielack","year":"2016","journal-title":"F1000 Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s12938-021-00860-0","article-title":"Osteosarcoma: A review of current and future therapeutic approaches","volume":"20","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed Eng OnLine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2011.03.038","article-title":"Proton radiotherapy for pediatric Ewing\u2019s sarcoma: Initial clinical outcomes","volume":"82","author":"Rombi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2022.05.003","article-title":"FLASH with carbon ions: Tumor control, normal tissue sparing, and distal metastasis in a mouse osteosarcoma model","volume":"175","author":"Tinganelli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2019.06.019","article-title":"Treatment of a first patient with FLASH-radiotherapy","volume":"139","author":"Bourhis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245ra93","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3008973","article-title":"Ultrahigh dose-rate FLASH irradiation increases the differential response between normal and tumor tissue in mice","volume":"6","author":"Favaudon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2019.10.049","article-title":"Design, implementation, and in vivo validation of a novel proton FLASH radiation therapy system","volume":"106","author":"Diffenderfer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10943","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1901777116","article-title":"Long-term neurocognitive benefits of FLASH radiotherapy driven by reduced reactive oxygen species","volume":"116","author":"Montay-Gruel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2019.05.030","article-title":"Ultra-high-dose-rate FLASH irradiation may spare hypoxic stem cell niches in normal tissues","volume":"105","author":"Pratx","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-17-3375","article-title":"The advantage of FLASH radiotherapy confirmed in mini-pig and cat-cancer patients","volume":"25","author":"Vozenin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23TR03","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/abaa28","article-title":"Physics and biology of ultrahigh dose-rate (FLASH) radiotherapy: A topical review","volume":"65","author":"Esplen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.96.035002","article-title":"FLASH: New intersection of physics, chemistry, biology, and cancer medicine","volume":"96","author":"Vozenin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Rev Mod Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hoc.2024.11.008","article-title":"FLASH radiotherapy: From in vivo data to clinical translation","volume":"39","author":"Manring","year":"2025","journal-title":"Hematol Oncol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2546","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25052546","article-title":"FLASH radiotherapy: Expectations, challenges, and current knowledge","volume":"25","author":"Borghini","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2022.02.020","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of ultra-high dose rate FLASH Bragg peak proton irradiation","volume":"113","author":"Dokic","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13051012","article-title":"FLASH proton pencil beam scanning irradiation minimizes radiation-induced leg contracture and skin toxicity in mice","volume":"13","author":"Cunningham","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4808","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-21-1500","article-title":"FLASH proton radiotherapy spares normal epithelial and mesenchymal tissues while preserving sarcoma response","volume":"81","author":"Velalopoulou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2025.110744","article-title":"FLASH proton reirradiation, with or without hypofractionation, reduces chronic toxicity in the normal murine intestine, skin, and bone","volume":"205","author":"Verginadis","year":"2025","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16500","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/ac8269","article-title":"Adaptation and dosimetric commissioning of a synchrotron-based proton beamline for flash experiments","volume":"67","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.15370","article-title":"Design and validation of a synchrotron proton beam line for flash radiotherapy preclinical research experiments","volume":"49","author":"Titt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2014.11.006","article-title":"Trabecular plates and rods determine elastic modulus and yield strength of human trabecular bone","volume":"72","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0031","article-title":"Discordance in acute gastrointestinal toxicity between synchrotron-based proton and linac-based electron ultra-high dose rate irradiation","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2024.09.006","article-title":"Whole abdominal pencil beam scanned proton FLASH increases acute lethality","volume":"121","author":"Bell","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2269","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15082269","article-title":"Absence of tissue-sparing effects in partial proton FLASH irradiation in murine intestine","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12984","article-title":"The bone marrow niche for haematopoietic stem cells","volume":"505","author":"Morrison","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2008.11.006","article-title":"Bone marrow\u2013derived stem cells and radiation response","volume":"19","author":"Greenberger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Semin Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00587","article-title":"Therapeutic irradiation: Consequences for bone and bone marrow adipose tissue","volume":"10","author":"Costa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1950","article-title":"Preventing or reducing late side effects of radiation therapy: Radiobiology meets molecular pathology","volume":"6","author":"Bentzen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6377","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21176377","article-title":"The influence of radiation on bone and bone cells\u2014Differential effects on osteoclasts and osteoblasts","volume":"21","author":"Donaubauer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2277","article-title":"Cellular and molecular mechanisms of fibrosis","volume":"214","author":"Wynn","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1985","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-015-1974-6","article-title":"Radiation-induced fibrosis: Mechanisms and implications for therapy","volume":"141","author":"Straub","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1007\/s12018-011-9092-8","article-title":"Ionizing radiation and bone loss: Space exploration and clinical therapy applications","volume":"9","author":"Willey","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Rev Bone Miner Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1148\/114.1.155","article-title":"The effects of radiation therapy on bone growth","volume":"114","author":"Probert","year":"1975","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/ab3769","article-title":"A computational model of radiolytic oxygen depletion during FLASH irradiation and its effect on the oxygen enhancement ratio","volume":"64","author":"Pratx","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2019.03.028","article-title":"An integrated physico-chemical approach for explaining the differential impact of FLASH versus conventional dose rate irradiation on cancer and normal tissue responses","volume":"139","author":"Spitz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2024.01.224","article-title":"FLASH proton radiation therapy mitigates inflammatory and fibrotic pathways and preserves cardiac function in a preclinical mouse model of radiation-induced heart disease","volume":"119","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-003-0101-x","article-title":"Growth of C57BL\/6 mice and the material and mechanical properties of cortical bone from the tibia","volume":"74","author":"Somerville","year":"2004","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(03)00199-6","article-title":"Bone development and age-related bone loss in male C57BL\/6J mice","volume":"33","author":"Ferguson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bone"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0360301626007959?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0360301626007959?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T23:24:45Z","timestamp":1785885885000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0360301626007959"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S0360301626007959"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045","relation":{},"ISSN":["0360-3016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0360-3016","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Musculoskeletal and Marrow Sparing With Proton FLASH Radiation Therapy in Juvenile Mice","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2026.05.045","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}