{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T11:47:36Z","timestamp":1771933656467,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"C","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,13]],"date-time":"2015-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1431475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":132,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>INTRODUCTION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Supernumerary breasts are relative common benign congenital anomalies. General population occurrence rates vary up to 6% according to ethnicity and gender. Higher incidence is recorded in Asian individuals, especially Japanese. Embryonic breast development of the mammary ridge (milk line) is explained and supernumerary breast tissue resulting from involution failure of any portion of the embryonic mammary folds is described.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>PRESENTATION OF CASE:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We report a case of supernumerary breast (pseudomamma) in a female occupying her right inguinal region that was treated in the breast unit of our hospital. Differential diagnosis, imaging methods, operative approach, surgical treatment and histological verification are specified.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Classification system for supernumerary breast tissue is presented, high risk population is identified and congenital malformations linked to it are outlined. Evaluation of diagnostic workup and limitations are stated. Cancerous degeneration and justification for surgical removal of the accessory gland is discussed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Differential diagnosis of lesions along the milk line should always be inclusive of developmental abnormalities such as any type of supernumerary breast, often overlooked due to small size, although carrying a malignant potential equal to normally positioned breasts. Surgical correction is a sensible approach, often encouraged by the patients. Additional evaluation is recommended due to the frequent accompanying urinary tract and cardiac anomalies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2015.05.021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,20]],"date-time":"2015-05-20T18:49:37Z","timestamp":1432147777000},"page":"71-74","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Pseudomamma of the inguinal region in a female patient"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Spyridon","family":"Marinopoulos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ioannis","family":"Arampatzis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Flora","family":"Zagouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Constantine","family":"Dimitrakakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-19-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1177\/000313480707300522","article-title":"Accessory breasts: a historical and current perspective","volume":"73","author":"Loukas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. 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