{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T13:39:56Z","timestamp":1787751596188,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"C","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Introduction<\/jats:title>\n Orbital metastases from solid cancers are infrequent or underestimated, since they represent only 1\u201313% of tumors of the orbit. They are even less frequent in breast cancer and are rarely diagnosed. We report a case of an early diagnosed orbital metastasis from breast cancer to an extra ocular muscle.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Case report<\/jats:title>\n We report the case of a 33-year-old female patient who presented, following the diagnosis of her breast cancer, headache, a progressive decrease in visual acuity of the right eye and diplopia. Brain imaging revealed a tissue process at the expense of the internal rectus muscle, which biopsy pointed to a secondary lesion of breast cancer.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Discussion<\/jats:title>\n Extraocular muscles are rarely infiltrated by metastasis from distant sites. They are mostly asymptomatic and suggest a systematic spread of the disease. The treatment is generally palliative and the prognosis is generally poor.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Orbital metastases from breast cancer are certainly rare but are associated with significant morbidity. In order to make a precise diagnosis and offer an appropriate treatment, healthcare professionals must remain vigilant in the face of any ophthalmological symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Highlights<\/jats:title>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2020.12.049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]],"date-time":"2020-12-18T09:56:23Z","timestamp":1608285383000},"page":"300-302","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["An early orbital metastasis from breast cancer"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Bahaa","family":"Razem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fai\u00e7al","family":"Slimani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R2-67-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1111\/tbj.12604","article-title":"Orbital metastases from breast cancer: retrospective analysis at an academic cancer center","volume":"22","author":"Pierson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Breast J"},{"key":"R4-67-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1080\/01676830902897470","article-title":"Orbital metastasis: clinical features, management and outcome","volume":"28","author":"Valenzuela","year":"2009","journal-title":"Orbit"},{"key":"R5-67-20260114","first-page":"100184","article-title":"Orbital metastases from breast cancer: a retrospective analysis of 28 cases","volume":"24","author":"Grajales-Alvarez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Treat. Res. Commun"},{"key":"R6-67-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0b013e31818b6adc","article-title":"Breast carcinoma metastatic to the orbit: an unusually late presentation","volume":"24","author":"Milman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthal. Plast. Reconstr. Surg"},{"key":"R7-67-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.3233\/BD-190398","article-title":"Orbital metastases of invasive lobular breast carcinoma","volume":"38","author":"Tsagkaraki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Breast Dis"},{"key":"R8-67-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.25927","article-title":"Orbital metastases from breast cancer: a single institution case series","volume":"122","author":"Sindoni","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Surg. Oncol"},{"key":"R9-67-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.4048\/jbc.2018.21.e46","article-title":"Extraocular muscles involvement as the initial presentation in metastatic breast cancer","volume":"21","author":"Coutinho","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Breast Cancer"},{"key":"R10-67-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-018-5253-1","article-title":"Metastases to extraocular muscles from breast cancer: case report and up-to-date review of the literature","volume":"19","author":"Framarino-dei-Malatesta","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"R11-67-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.4274\/tjo.galenos.2018.39018","article-title":"Breast carcinoma metastasis to the medial rectus muscle: case report","volume":"49","author":"K\u0131z\u0131lo\u011flu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Turk. J. Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R13-67-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1080\/01443615.2018.1455078","article-title":"Intraorbital extraocular metastasis of breast cancer 11 years after mastectomy\u2013case report and review of the literature","volume":"39","author":"Kluska","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Obstet. Gynaecol"},{"key":"R14-67-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0000000000000793","article-title":"Periocular breast carcinoma metastases: predominant origin from the lobular variant","volume":"33","author":"Jakobiec","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ophthal. Plast. Reconstr. Surg"},{"key":"R15-67-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0b013e3282c5077c","article-title":"Metastatic tumors of the orbit and ocular adnexa","volume":"18","author":"Ahmad","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Surgery Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2210261220312396?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2210261220312396?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1016\/j.ijscr.2020.12.049","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T13:51:38Z","timestamp":1768398698000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1016\/j.ijscr.2020.12.049"}},"subtitle":["A case report"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"C","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijscr.2020.12.049","relation":{},"ISSN":["2210-2612"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2210-2612","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}}}