{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T06:08:35Z","timestamp":1777961315558,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"C","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,18]],"date-time":"2021-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610928000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction and importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) is a rare type of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that is classified as a subtype of unclassified carcinoma by the WHO. LELC is usually associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. LELC has often been observed in Southeast Asia; however, it is extremely rare in Japan.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 60-year-old Japanese woman presented with an abnormal shadow in the left lung on chest radiography. Chest computed tomography showed a nodule located between the lingular and basal anteromedial segments. A blood test suggested an existing EBV infection, and LELC was suspected preoperatively in the transbronchial lung biopsy. She underwent a lingular and basal bi-segmentectomy. The EBV-encoded small ribonucleic acid in-situ hybridization (EBER-ISH) was positive, and she was diagnosed with LELC. Moreover, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression was moderately positive. No recurrence was observed for 30 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although LELC has been reported as a low-grade malignancy with a good prognosis, the frequency of PD-L1 expression in LELC seems to be higher than that in other NSCLCs. Moreover, it has been reported that LELC patients with high PD-L1 expression are likely to have early recurrence\/metastasis and poor prognosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An investigation of PD-L1 expression for LELC would be useful considering the benefit of PD-1\/PD-L1 blockade in patients with pulmonary LELC with high PD-L1 expression. The present case is the first report of LELC with positive expression of EBER-ISH and PD-L1 in Japan.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2021.01.066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,20]],"date-time":"2021-01-20T11:49:37Z","timestamp":1611143377000},"page":"431-435","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma with positive expression of Epstein-Barr virus and PD-L1"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Akihiro","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hideki","family":"Ujiie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasushi","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masaaki","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mitsuhito","family":"Kaji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-98-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1007\/s11748-011-0789-x","article-title":"Pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma with rapid progression","volume":"60","author":"Tanaka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gen. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg"},{"key":"R2-98-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2020.10.034","article-title":"The SCARE 2020 guideline: updating consensus Surgical CAse REport (SCARE) guidelines","volume":"84","author":"Agha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg"},{"key":"R3-98-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezu226","article-title":"Is the lymphatic drainage of lung cancer lobe-specific? A surgical appraisal","volume":"47","author":"Riquet","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cardio Thorac. Surg"},{"key":"R4-98-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.2930360413","article-title":"Epstein-Barr virus related lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of lung","volume":"36","author":"B\u00e9gin","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Surg. Oncol"},{"key":"R5-98-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4748","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.27452","article-title":"Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma: fifty-two patients with long-term follow-up","volume":"118","author":"Liang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"R6-98-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9976","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000009976","article-title":"Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma in non-endemic region: a case report and literature review","volume":"97","author":"Xie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore"},{"key":"R7-98-20260114","first-page":"565","article-title":"Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung","volume":"37","author":"Muraishi","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nihon Kokyuuki gakki zasshi"},{"key":"R8-98-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.2995\/jacsurg.28.102","article-title":"Two cases of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung in elderly patients","volume":"28","author":"Yaginuma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Chest Surg"},{"key":"R9-98-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.2995\/jacsurg.31.42","article-title":"A case of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung","volume":"31","author":"Iwabuchi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Chest Surg"},{"key":"R10-98-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.2482\/haigan.56.130","article-title":"Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung and its histological mimics","volume":"56","author":"Atsumi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Haigan"},{"key":"R11-98-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2006.00910.x","article-title":"Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung, invited review series","volume":"11","author":"Ho","year":"2006","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"R12-98-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1309\/BUAN-BGFW-69U9-C3H8","article-title":"Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung with a better prognosis. A clinicopathologic study of 32 cases","volume":"115","author":"Han","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Pathol"},{"key":"R13-98-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2018.03.14","article-title":"Correlation and prognostic significance of PD-L1 and P53 expression in resected primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma","volume":"10","author":"Yu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Thorac. Dis"},{"key":"R14-98-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33019","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.5028","article-title":"PD-L1 is remarkably over-expressed in EBV-associated pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma and related to poor disease-free survival","volume":"6","author":"Fang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"R15-98-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2437","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-12-756841","article-title":"PD1 blockade with pembrolizumab is highly effective in relapsed or refractory NK\/T-cell lymphoma failing L-asparaginase","volume":"129","author":"Kwong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"R16-98-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers10060167","article-title":"Clinical importance of Epstein\u2212Barr virus-associated gastric cancer","volume":"10","author":"Nishikawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel"},{"key":"R17-98-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8595","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S219512","article-title":"Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma response favorably to nivolumab: a case report","volume":"12","author":"Qiu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Onco Targets Ther"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Surgery Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2210261221000687?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2210261221000687?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1016\/j.ijscr.2021.01.066","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T13:27:21Z","timestamp":1768397241000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1016\/j.ijscr.2021.01.066"}},"subtitle":["A case report"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"C","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijscr.2021.01.066","relation":{},"ISSN":["2210-2612"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2210-2612","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}}}