{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T21:41:09Z","timestamp":1776980469178,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"C","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,13]],"date-time":"2024-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lymphedema of the external genitalia is a rare condition characterized by swelling of the scrotal skin and subcutaneous tissue, resulting from a pathology in lymphatic drainage. Over time, the development of fibrosis leads to a considerable impairment in the patient's quality of life. While conservative management is generally the first-line approach, surgical cases may necessitate surgical intervention to achieve comprehensive and lasting improvements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We present the case of a 43-year-old obese male patient who presented to the clinic with a complaint of persistent bilateral scrotal swelling for three months. Clinical examination revealed a pressure-indolent, soft, and massively enlarged swelling of the scrotum on both sides. Ultrasound findings confirmed a diffusely thickened edematous scrotal wall. The patient was advised to start physiotherapy and adhere to conservative management. Due to the debilitating size of the mass, the patient opted for excision of the scrotal swelling followed by scrotoplasty.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical discussion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case report explores the presentation, signs and symptoms, impact on patients' lives, and various management options for scrotal lymphedema. It underscores the intricacies involved in the diagnosis and treatment decision-making process, emphasizing the need for a tailored and multidisciplinary approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It is imperative to initially rule out life-threatening causes of scrotal lymphedema to ensure optimal patient care. The integration of surgical interventions should be carefully considered in the overall management strategy for optimal and comprehensive results. Scrotoplasty, in the context of scrotal lymphedema, not only improves the quality of life but also positively influences sexual function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Competencies:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Interpersonal and communication skills, Medical knowledge, Patient care, Practice-based learning and improvement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.109403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]],"date-time":"2024-02-23T13:56:12Z","timestamp":1708696572000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Isolated scrotal lymphedema in a 43-year old male patient: A case report"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Ghazal Talal","family":"Saeed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donia","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Montaser Nabeeh","family":"Al Smady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gunjan","family":"Awatramani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tariq","family":"Abdul Hamid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rashid Hospital, Dubai Health, Dubai, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farhad","family":"Janahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-2-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-060116-022900","article-title":"Lymphedema: pathogenesis and novel therapies.","volume":"69","author":"Dayan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"R2-2-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.29271\/jcpsp.2020.01.94","article-title":"Scrotal lymphedema and its conservative treatment: a rare complication of circumcision","volume":"30","author":"Akan,","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Coll. Physicians Surg. Pak."},{"key":"R3-2-20260423","first-page":"ic15","article-title":"Scrotal lymphedema. Eplasty.","volume":"11","author":"Pastor","year":"2011"},{"key":"R4-2-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2023.1048159","article-title":"Combination of conservative and surgical methods in the treatment of giant lymphedema of the scrotum: a case report.","volume":"10","author":"Istranov","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Surg."},{"issue":"7","key":"R5-2-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58070954","article-title":"Surgical treatment and rehabilitation strategies for upper and lower extremity lymphedema: a comprehensive review","volume":"58","author":"de Sire","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"issue":"5","key":"R6-2-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000000373","article-title":"The SCARE 2023 guideline: updating consensus surgical CAse REport (SCARE) guidelines","volume":"109","author":"Sohrabi,","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Surg Lond Engl."},{"issue":"1","key":"R7-2-20260423","first-page":"57","article-title":"Giant lymphedema of the penis and scrotum: a case report. Autops.","volume":"6","author":"Vives","year":"2016","journal-title":"Case Rep."},{"issue":"6","key":"R8-2-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.03.022","article-title":"Lymphedema: pathophysiology and clinical manifestations","volume":"77","author":"Grada,","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"R9-2-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1177\/1066896908320833","article-title":"Massive localized lymphedema with unusual presentations: report of 2 cases and review of the literature.","volume":"19","author":"Bogusz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg. Pathol."},{"issue":"5","key":"R10-2-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a041176","article-title":"Lymphedema and obesity.","volume":"12","author":"Sudduth","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"R11-2-20260423","first-page":"174","article-title":"Alterations of untreated lymphedema and it's grades over time","volume":"28","author":"Casley-Smith,","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lymphology"},{"issue":"1","key":"R12-2-20260423","first-page":"3","article-title":"The diagnosis and treatment of peripheral lymphedema: 2020 consensus document of the International Society of Lymphology","volume":"53","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lymphology"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Surgery Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2210261224001846?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2210261224001846?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.109403","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T21:02:30Z","timestamp":1776978150000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.109403"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"C","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.109403","relation":{},"ISSN":["2210-2612"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2210-2612","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-01-12","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-02-13","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}