{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T05:01:00Z","timestamp":1788930060598,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"C","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]],"date-time":"2024-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction and importance:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva is an ultra-rare genetic disorder of progressive soft tissue ossification. Due to unawareness and poor clinical suspicion, the rate of misdiagnosis, delay in diagnosis, and unnecessary diagnostic procedures leading to permanent injury and lifelong disability is common. Here we report this rare genetic disorder in a six years old child who was initially misdiagnosed as multiple exostoses and operated on.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 6 year old child presented with swellings over the posterior neck and back for four years. The patient was misdiagnosed as a case of multiple exostoses and an excisional biopsy was done a year back. The swelling worsened after the excision; currently, she cannot move her neck from side to side, and flex and extend. Examination revealed multiple hard and slightly tender masses over the posterior neck, para scapular and thoracolumbar para spinal region. She also has hallux valgus deformity that had been present since birth. CT (computed tomography) scan confirmed extensive extra-skeletal soft tissue ossification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical discussion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The progression of heterotopic ossification is characteristically anatomic and orderly, typically initially involving the body's dorsal, axial, cranial, and proximal regions and later in the ventral, appendicular, caudal, and distal regions. Skeletal muscles of the tongue, diaphragm, extra-ocular muscles, cardiac muscles, and smooth muscles are inexplicably spared.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Early diagnosis prevents potentially harmful diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. The characteristic big toes malformation is the most important and best key for the early suspicion of the diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.109548","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]],"date-time":"2024-03-19T12:51:40Z","timestamp":1710852700000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva: A rare disease due to unawareness, case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Yabello Hirbo","family":"Guyolla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jimma University Medical Centre, College of Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Jimma, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fasil Tesfaye","family":"Abebe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jimma University Medical Centre, College of Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Jimma, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abduselam Jemal","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karl Metu Hospital, Metu, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-86-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2007.11.007","article-title":"Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva","volume":"22","author":"Kaplan,","year":"2008","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"R2-86-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-6-80","article-title":"Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva: clinical and genetic aspects","volume":"6","author":"Pignolo,","year":"2011","journal-title":"Orphanet J. Rare Dis."},{"key":"R3-86-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.46.247.264","article-title":"Myositis Ossificans Progressiva (Munchmeyer's disease) brief review with report of two cases treated with corticosteroids and observed for 16 years","volume":"46","author":"Illingworth","year":"1971","journal-title":"Arch. Dis. Child"},{"issue":"5","key":"R4-86-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000000373","article-title":"The SCARE 2023 guideline: updating consensus surgical CAse REport (SCARE) guidelines","volume":"109","author":"Sohrabi,","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg. Lond. Engl."},{"issue":"1","key":"R6-86-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-019-2297-z","article-title":"Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (stone man syndrome): a case report","volume":"13","author":"Shah,","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Med. Case Rep."},{"issue":"4","key":"R7-86-20260423","first-page":"513","article-title":"Fibroplasia ossificans progressiva: a case report of a rare disease entity","volume":"28","author":"Solomon,","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ethiop. J. Health Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"R8-86-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2013.09.002","article-title":"The phenotype and genotype of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva in China: a report of 72 cases","volume":"57","author":"Zhang,","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"2","key":"R9-86-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199302000-00008","article-title":"The natural history of heterotopic ossification in patients who have fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva. A study of forty-four patients","volume":"75","author":"Cohen,","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Bone Joint Surg. Am."},{"issue":"8","key":"R11-86-20260423","first-page":"S858","article-title":"Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva","volume":"27","author":"Bari,","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"R12-86-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1044\/1059-0889(1999\/011)","article-title":"Conductive hearing loss in individuals with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva.","volume":"8","author":"Levy","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Audiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"R13-86-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-012-1968-6","article-title":"Evaluation of 20 years experience of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva in Iran: lessons for early diagnosis and prevention","volume":"31","author":"Raees-Karami,","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"R14-86-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.010280","article-title":"Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva: mechanisms and models of skeletal metamorphosis","volume":"5","author":"Kaplan,","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dis. 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