{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T05:20:10Z","timestamp":1792819210392,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"C","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Urethral malignant melanoma is an uncommon and aggressive malignancy, frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage, posing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We present the case of a 74-year-old North African female diagnosed with primary metastatic urethral melanoma. Initial staging included a thorough physical examination, pelvic MRI, and whole-body CT scan, initially showing no signs of distant metastasis. Subsequent FDG PET\/CT revealed unexpected bone metastases, prompting a significant shift in our management approach. The patient received immunotherapy with pembrolizumab, resulting in sustained metabolic stability at the six-month follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We present recent epidemiological data and risk factors for this uncommon melanoma site. Additionally, we delve into the diagnostic challenges, underlining the expanding role of PET\/CT. The discussion also covers managing options in the absence of a consensus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite several treatment choices, metastatic urethral melanoma still has a poor prognosis. This reality reflects the complexity of the disease and emphasizes the need for further research to unravel its underlying mechanisms and to establish more effective therapeutic approaches.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.109569","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]],"date-time":"2024-03-20T19:39:56Z","timestamp":1710963596000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Primary metastatic melanoma of the female urethra: A case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Omar","family":"Bellouki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"El Aboudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed Ali","family":"Mikou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imad","family":"Boualaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hachem","family":"El Sayegh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yassine","family":"Nouini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"R1-102-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.05.113","article-title":"Primary malignant melanoma of the urethra: report of 9 cases in China","volume":"47","author":"Wang,","year":"2024","journal-title":"Asian J. Surg."},{"issue":"5","key":"R3-102-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000000373","article-title":"The SCARE 2023 guideline: updating consensus surgical CAse REport (SCARE) guidelines","volume":"109","author":"Sohrabi,","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg."},{"issue":"4","key":"R4-102-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-1591.91430","article-title":"Melanoma of the female urethra","volume":"27","author":"Ramos,","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J. Urol."},{"issue":"9","key":"R5-102-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2020.153095","article-title":"Primary melanoma of the urinary tract; clinicopathologic and molecular review of a case series","volume":"216","author":"Acikalin,","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pathol. Res. Pract."},{"issue":"4","key":"R7-102-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajur.2022.01.003","article-title":"Genitourinary melanoma: an overview for the clinician","volume":"9","author":"DePalo,","year":"2022","journal-title":"Asian J. Urol."},{"key":"R8-102-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.04.108","article-title":"Primary female urethral malignant melanoma: a case report","volume":"142","author":"Sun,","year":"2020","journal-title":"Urology"},{"issue":"2","key":"R9-102-20260423","first-page":"91","article-title":"Non-cutaneous melanoma, findings and prognostic value of FDG PET\/CT: a case series of 23 patients and review of the literature","volume":"10","author":"Saidi,","year":"2022","journal-title":"Asia Oceania J. Nucl. Med. Biol."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Surgery Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S221026122400350X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S221026122400350X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.109569","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T17:30:45Z","timestamp":1786037445000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.109569"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"C","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.109569","relation":{},"ISSN":["2210-2612"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2210-2612","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-02-19","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-03-16","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}