{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:07:42Z","timestamp":1786118862291,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"C","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]],"date-time":"2024-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714694400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction and importance:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As the Richter's hernia contains anti-mesenteric intestinal wall, patients usually do not present with obstructive symptoms. Consequently, this leads to delays in diagnosis and increased morbidity and mortality. Early detection and surgical treatment are therefore paramount to improving outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 51-year-old female presented with an incarcerated Richter's femoral hernia misdiagnosed as inguinal abscess that underwent incision and drainage. This developed into an enterocutaneous fistula (EC Fistula) and was eventually complicated by peritonitis, requiring laparotomy and herniorrhaphy. Post-operative recovery was uneventful.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical discussion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In advanced stages, Richter's femoral hernia may present with obstructive symptoms as in other incarcerated hernias. Richter's hernias may eventually present with obstructive symptoms in their advanced stages. Their relatively asymptomatic nature increases the risk of complications, such as enterocutaneous fistula.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case highlights how an incarcerated Richter's femoral hernia in a female misdiagnosed as an abscess delayed treatment, increased patient morbidity with development of an enterocutaneous fistula and peritonitis, and mandated surgical exploration to control sepsis and repair the hernia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.109736","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]],"date-time":"2024-05-03T22:12:45Z","timestamp":1714774365000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Iatrogenic enterocutaneous fistula following an incarcerated Richter's femoral hernia misdiagnosed for an inguinal abscess: A case report"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"Baanitse Munihire","family":"Jeannot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mugarura Anwar","family":"Biraali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Clinical Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Surgery, Kampala International University Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Micheal","family":"Mugenyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Clinical Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Surgery, Kampala International University Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richi Mukandirwa","family":"Wetemwami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut superieur de techniques medicales de Goma, Democratic Republic of the Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Muhumuza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Clinical Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Surgery, Kampala International University Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franck Katembo","family":"Sikakulya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Clinical Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Surgery, Kampala International University Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"R1-77-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-200011000-00014","article-title":"Richter's hernia and Sir Frederick Treves: an original clinical experience, review, and historical overview","volume":"232","author":"Steinke","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann. 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