{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T21:43:33Z","timestamp":1776980613202,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"C","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction and importance:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Congenital cholesteatoma is a rare entity that arises from epithelial cell rests in the middle ear, parts of temporal bone or even intracranially. However, it can go unrecognized for several years making the consideration of such diagnosis a bit tricky among otologists.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We are reporting a case of a young female adult who presented with unilateral hearing loss for one year and intermittent episodes of facial twitching in addition to periods of recurrent unilateral facial palsy that happened about three times in the past two years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical discussion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Otoscopic examination revealed a slight whitish mass behind the superior half of an intact tympanic membrane. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) proposed a differential diagnosis of congenital cholesteatoma and facial schwannoma. Canal wall up (CWU) mastoidectomy with exploration of anterior epitympanum and partial facial nerve decompression was made with complete removal of cholesteatoma mass and ossicular reconstruction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A recurrent or non-resolving facial asymmetry in an otherwise healthy adult should raise the suspicion among otolaryngologists to investigate the possibility of congenital cholesteatoma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.110360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T17:39:17Z","timestamp":1727458757000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A case of congenital cholesteatoma in adult patient with intermittent episodes of facial palsy"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"Mhd Ammar","family":"Dandachli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mhd Nabil","family":"Dandachli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"R1-3-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215107000503","article-title":"Evidence-based review of aetiopathogenic theories of congenital and acquired cholesteatoma","volume":"121","author":"Persaud,","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Laryngol. Otol."},{"issue":"2","key":"R2-3-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W6","DOI":"10.1308\/147870807X160425","article-title":"Non-classical presentation of congenital cholesteatoma","volume":"89","author":"Mahanta,","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. R. Coll. Surg. Engl."},{"key":"R4-3-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/854024","article-title":"Updates and knowledge gaps in cholesteatoma research","volume":"2015","author":"Kuo,","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"issue":"5","key":"R6-3-20260423","first-page":"309","article-title":"Ossicular chain lesions in cholesteatoma","volume":"32","author":"Albera,","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol. Ital."},{"issue":"1","key":"R7-3-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1097\/00129492-200301000-00007","article-title":"Relationship of preoperative findings and ossicular discontinuity in chronic otitis media","volume":"24","author":"Jeng,","year":"2003","journal-title":"Otol. Neurotol."},{"issue":"4","key":"R8-3-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1258\/0022215001905454","article-title":"A systematic approach to interpretation of computed tomography scans prior to surgery of middle ear cholesteatoma","volume":"114","author":"Watts,","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Laryngol. Otol."},{"issue":"1","key":"R9-3-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480500265950","article-title":"Facial nerve paralysis caused by middle ear cholesteatoma and effects of surgical intervention","volume":"126","author":"Ikeda,","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol."},{"issue":"2","key":"R10-3-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.13035","article-title":"Postoperative efficacy analysis of patients with facial nerve palsy associated with cholesteatoma otitis media: our experience with 32 patients","volume":"43","author":"Wang,","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Otolaryngol."},{"issue":"2","key":"R11-3-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215116009804","article-title":"Effect of surgical intervention on middle-ear cholesteatoma with associated facial paralysis","volume":"131","author":"Ozkul,","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Laryngol. 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Head Neck Surg."},{"issue":"3","key":"R13-3-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198803000-00007","article-title":"Anterior epitympanic cholesteatoma with facial paralysis: a characteristic growth pattern","volume":"98","author":"Chu,","year":"1988","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"7","key":"R14-3-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1080\/000164802760370736","article-title":"Bell's palsy: the spontaneous course of 2,500 peripheral facial nerve palsies of different etiologies","volume":"122","author":"Peitersen,","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol."},{"issue":"7","key":"R15-3-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.128.7.810","article-title":"Congenital cholesteatoma: classification, management, and outcome","volume":"128","author":"Nelson,","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"issue":"9","key":"R16-3-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.128.9.1009","article-title":"A staging system for congenital cholesteatoma","volume":"128","author":"Potsic,","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"issue":"2","key":"R17-3-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1080\/00016489.2018.1543951","article-title":"Analysis on outcomes of facial paralysis complicated by middle ear cholesteatoma","volume":"139","author":"Li,","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol."},{"issue":"4","key":"R18-3-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1097\/00129492-200207000-00030","article-title":"Facial nerve paralysis due to chronic otitis media","volume":"23","author":"Yetiser,","year":"2002","journal-title":"Otol. 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