{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T22:45:24Z","timestamp":1785451524778,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"C","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730419200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730419200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction and importance:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mucinous cystadenoma is a benign cystic ovarian tumor arising from the surface epithelium of the ovary that usually presents with vague, unspecified abdominal symptoms. If not detected early, this tumor has the potential to grow to a substantial size and can present with huge abdominal distention leading to various compression symptoms. The reported incidence of giant ovarian cystadenoma in postmenopausal women is relatively unknown due to the widespread use of ultrasound and other radiological imaging modalities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Here, we present a rare case of giant borderline mucinous cystadenoma in a 67-year-old female 10 years postmenopausal from Northern Tanzania with multiple comorbidities including hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. She presented with abdominal distention which was of gradual onset for 1 year. Abdominal CT scan with contrast revealed a huge septated cystic mass occupying the entirety of the abdominal and pelvic cavities causing a mass effect on adjacent intra-abdominal structures. An intact 23-kg left ovarian cyst was removed, and a total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) along with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) was performed. Post-operative recovery was excellent and the patient was discharged. The final histopathological report showed a borderline ovarian mucinous cystadenoma and the patient was managed conservatively after surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical discussion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this case report, we discuss the condition's rarity especially in postmenopausal women, related reports in the literature, and the numerous difficulties clinicians face when encountering a patient with borderline mucinous cystadenoma. The rarity of borderline mucinous cystadenomas in postmenopausal women makes these cases clinically unusual, challenging diagnostic and therapeutic expectations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case report highlights the importance of thoroughly evaluating women with vague abdominal symptoms. While this condition is rare in postmenopausal women, its massive form can be dangerous if not diagnosed and managed promptly, with the potential to progress to malignancy. Greater awareness of this condition could lead to earlier detection and reporting of more cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.110423","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]],"date-time":"2024-10-10T06:20:54Z","timestamp":1728541254000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Giant mucinous borderline tumor of the ovary in a postmenopausal woman: A rare case report and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"John","family":"Lugata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Glory","family":"Maringo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Mremi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasra","family":"Batchu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bariki","family":"Mchome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fredrick","family":"Mbise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-104-20260421","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-016-2040-8","article-title":"Ovarian borderline tumors in the 2014 WHO classification: evolving concepts and diagnostic criteria","volume":"470","author":"Hauptmann,","year":"2017","journal-title":"Virchows Arch."},{"issue":"5","key":"R4-104-20260421","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.1999.13050345.x","article-title":"Transvaginal sonographic ovarian findings in a random sample of women 25-40 years old","volume":"13","author":"Borgfeldt,","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"4","key":"R5-104-20260421","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-16-0858","article-title":"Global cancer in women: burden and trends","volume":"26","author":"Torre,","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev."},{"issue":"6","key":"R7-104-20260421","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-014-0389-x","article-title":"Mucinous tumors of the ovary: current thoughts on diagnosis and management","volume":"16","author":"Brown,","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Oncol. Rep."},{"issue":"130","key":"R8-104-20260421","first-page":"1","article-title":"Management of adnexal mass","author":"Myers,","year":"2006","journal-title":"Evid. Rep. Technol. Assess. (Full Rep)"},{"key":"R9-104-20260421","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2018.07.016","article-title":"Giant mucinous ovarian borderline tumor. A good lesson from an asymptomatic case","volume":"50","author":"Pilone,","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg. Case Rep."},{"issue":"2","key":"R11-104-20260421","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5225","DOI":"10.4081\/rt.2014.5225","article-title":"A huge mucinous cystadenoma of ovarian: a rare case report and review of the literature","volume":"6","author":"Posabella,","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rare Tumors"},{"key":"R13-104-20260421","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-019-2102-z","article-title":"Giant mucinous cystadenoma: a case report","volume":"13","author":"Gwanzura,","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Med Case Reports"},{"issue":"20","key":"R14-104-20260421","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.12659\/AJCR.917490","article-title":"A 27-kg Giant ovarian mucinous cystadenoma in a 72-year-old postmenopausal patient: a case report","volume":"1","author":"Akhras,","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Case Rep."},{"issue":"5","key":"R15-104-20260421","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000000373","article-title":"The SCARE 2023 guideline: updating consensus surgical CAse REport (SCARE) guidelines","volume":"109","author":"Sohrabi,","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg. Lond. Engl."},{"issue":"2","key":"R16-104-20260421","first-page":"281","article-title":"A giant ovarian mucinous cystadenoma in an adolescent: a case report","volume":"5","author":"Ozgun,","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch. Med. 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