{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:07:49Z","timestamp":1786118869457,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"C","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]],"date-time":"2024-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Introduction: Pheochromocytoma is a rare neuroendocrine tumor that arises from chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla, with an incidence of 2-8 cases per million adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case study presents the case of a 39-year-old male patient who experienced recurrent headaches, palpitations, and hypertension, ultimately diagnosed with malignant pheochromocytoma after imaging revealed a large adrenal mass with vascular invasion and metastasis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite the rarity of malignant pheochromocytomas, they present significant clinical challenges. Diagnosis typically relies on imaging and biochemical tests, with management necessitating a multidisciplinary approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case underscores the importance of early recognition and comprehensive management strategies for malignant pheochromocytoma and reviews the available therapeutic strategies including debulking surgery, chemotherapy and other novel therapies such as Iobenguane I-131 and tyrosine kinase inhibitors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.110537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T03:26:52Z","timestamp":1730258812000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Malignant pheochromocytoma with vascular invasion and metastasis: A case report and review of treatment options"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"Youssef","family":"Zaoui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salim","family":"Ouskri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imad","family":"Boualaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Ibrahimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hachem","family":"El-Sayegh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yassine","family":"Nouini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-60-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199906000-00001","article-title":"Clinical experience over 48 years with pheochromocytoma","volume":"229","author":"Goldstein,","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann. 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Metab."},{"key":"R5-60-20260423","first-page":"15p","article-title":"Imagerie des surr\u00e9nales","volume":"10-014-D-10","author":"Legmann,","year":"2003","journal-title":"EMC, endocrinologie nutrition."},{"key":"R6-60-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0463.2004.t01-1-apm1121005.x","article-title":"Expression of chromogranins A, B, and C (secretogranin II) in human adrenal medulla and in benign and malignant pheochromocytomas. An immunohistochemical study with region-specific antibodies","volume":"112","author":"Portela-Gomes,","year":"2004","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"issue":"3","key":"R7-60-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2013.04.027","article-title":"Response after surgical resection of metastatic pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: can postoperative biochemical remission be predicted?","volume":"217","author":"Ellis,","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Surg."},{"key":"R8-60-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdg358","article-title":"Successful treatment of malignant pheochromocytoma with combination chemotherapy containing anthracycline","volume":"14","author":"Nakane,","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"R9-60-20260423","article-title":"1. Clinical features and outcomes of metastatic pheochromocytoma treated by cytotoxic chemotherapy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocr. J."},{"key":"R10-60-20260423","article-title":"3. Emerging treatments for advanced\/metastatic Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Treat. Options Oncol."},{"issue":"10431","key":"R11-60-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)02554-0","article-title":"Sunitinib for metastatic progressive phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas: results from FIRSTMAPPP, an academic, multicentre, international, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 2 trial","volume":"403","author":"Baudin","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"R12-60-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R111","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-14-0113","article-title":"Therapy of endocrine disease: treatment of malignant pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma","volume":"171","author":"Baudin,","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"14","key":"R13-60-20260423","article-title":"SDHB immunohistochemistry for prognosis of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: A retrospective and prospective analysis","volume":"16","author":"Su,","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)."},{"issue":"5","key":"R14-60-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000000373","article-title":"The SCARE 2023 guideline: updating consensus surgical CAse REport (SCARE) guidelines","volume":"109","author":"Sohrabi,","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Surg Lond Engl."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Surgery Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S221026122401318X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S221026122401318X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.110537","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T16:59:57Z","timestamp":1786035597000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.110537"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"C","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.110537","relation":{},"ISSN":["2210-2612"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2210-2612","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-09-13","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-25","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}