{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T03:02:56Z","timestamp":1790564576057,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"C","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]],"date-time":"2024-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction and importance:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Treatment of respiratory distress in fat embolism syndrome (FES) often ends in death. FES is generally associated with orthopedic trauma, with the highest incidence in long bone fractures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We present a case, 20-year-old woman with an initial diagnosis of a closed fracture in the right femur and left cruris after traffic accidents, underwent open reduction and internal fixation 17 h after an incident. Thirty hours after the surgery, she experienced respiratory distress, loss of consciousness, and petechial rash. Thoracic radiography revealed bilateral patchy infiltrates; brain CT found cerebral oedema; brain MRI showed multiple small non-confluent lesions; arterial blood gas analysis indicated respiratory acidosis; pulse oximetry was 95 %, leading to a diagnosis of FES. Complete blood count revealed anaemia through a decrease in haemoglobin, haematocrit, increase in erythrocyte sedimentation rate, thrombocytopenia, hypocalcaemia, and hypoalbuminemia. The patient was promptly transferred to the intensive care unit with central venous pressure measuring, consulted to a neurologist, pulmonologist, anaesthesiologist, and cardiologist for supportive treatment and mechanical ventilation for nine days. The patient recovered gradually to be normal. FES treatment has been successful, and the patient discharged after 16 days.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical discussion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevention of FES depends on timing, surgical technique, and early diagnosis. Early surgical fixation of long bone fractures within 24 h reduces pulmonary complications by 70 %. FES can present in a wide variety of severity and symptom. There is no specific treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prevention, early diagnosis, and prompt management of FES are the cornerstone in managing this condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.110646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T10:54:43Z","timestamp":1732618483000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Successful management of respiratory distress in fat embolism syndrome: A case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"I Nyoman","family":"Semita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Dr. Soebandi General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jember, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heni","family":"Fatmawati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departement of Radiology, Dr. Soebandi General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jember, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angga Mardro","family":"Raharjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jember, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parama","family":"Gandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Soetomo General Hospital, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ni Njoman","family":"Juliasih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Universitas Ciputra, Surabaya, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-17-20260508","first-page":"1","article-title":"Perioperative Anaesthetic emergencies","author":"Salmani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Perioperative Anaesthetic Emergencies."},{"issue":"12","key":"R2-17-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.6788","article-title":"Dyspnea after endomedullary nailing: fat embolism","volume":"10","author":"Martens","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Case Reports"},{"issue":"12","key":"R3-17-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10122733","article-title":"Incidence of fat embolism syndrome in femur fractures and its associated risk factors over time\u2014a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Lempert","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"R4-17-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-021-00861-x","article-title":"Cerebral fat embolism after traumatic bone fractures: a structured literature review and analysis of published case reports","volume":"29","author":"Vetrugno","year":"2021","journal-title":"Scand. J. Trauma Resusc. Emerg. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"R5-17-20260508","first-page":"1","article-title":"Fat embolism syndrome - a qualitative review of its incidence, presentation, pathogenesis and management","volume":"15","author":"Timon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Malaysian Orthop J."},{"issue":"5","key":"R6-17-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000000373","article-title":"The SCARE 2023 guideline: updating consensus surgical CAse REport (SCARE) guidelines","volume":"109","author":"Sohrabi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg."},{"issue":"9","key":"R7-17-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjae.2021.04.003","article-title":"Fat embolism syndrome","volume":"21","author":"Luff","year":"2021","journal-title":"BJA Educ [Internet]."},{"issue":"2","key":"R8-17-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1097\/PAF.0000000000000544","article-title":"Nontraumatic multiple-organ fat embolism: an autopsy case and review of literature","volume":"41","author":"Meng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Forensic Med. Pathol."},{"issue":"3","key":"R9-17-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.33545\/orthor.2021.v5.i3a.289","article-title":"Fat embolism syndrome: is it common in smokers","volume":"5","author":"Kumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Natl J Clin Orthop."},{"key":"R10-17-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2021.10.151","article-title":"Single-case metanalysis of fat embolism syndrome","volume":"345","author":"He","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"issue":"C","key":"R11-17-20260508","first-page":"331-5","article-title":"Fat embolism syndrome without bone fracture: is it possible? Open access Maced","volume":"10","author":"Bajraktari","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"January","key":"R12-17-20260508","article-title":"Fat embolism syndrome with neurological involvement: a case report","volume":"38","author":"Ostlie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trauma Case Reports [Internet]."},{"issue":"1","key":"R13-17-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-021-02211-x","article-title":"Post-traumatic cerebral fat embolism syndrome with a favourable outcome: a case report","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Neurol."},{"issue":"8","key":"R15-17-20260508","article-title":"Use of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for perioperative management of acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by fat embolism syndrome: a case report and literature review","volume":"100","author":"Momii","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med (United States)."},{"issue":"October","key":"R16-17-20260508","article-title":"Management of long bone fractures in patients with cerebral fat embolism syndrome","volume":"30","author":"Chase","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trauma Case Reports [Internet]."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Surgery Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2210261224014275?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2210261224014275?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.110646","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T22:00:35Z","timestamp":1778277635000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.110646"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"C","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.110646","relation":{},"ISSN":["2210-2612"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2210-2612","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-09-01","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-22","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}