{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T22:11:39Z","timestamp":1778278299184,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"C","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]],"date-time":"2024-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Accessory breast tissue is a rare condition occurring in 1-3 % of males, primarily in the bilateral axillary region. Kajava Class I accessory breast, characterized by glandular tissue, an areola, and a nipple, is rarely reported. This case report highlights the clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, and management of this rare entity in an elderly male.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 72-year-old male presented with a left axillary swelling since his early twenties. Initially painless and lemon-sized, the mass progressively enlarged, extending over the left chest and flank, causing dis- comfort and restricting daily activities. Physical examination revealed a large, pedunculated mass measuring 25x15x10 cm in the left axilla, with a smooth surface and no skin color changes except in the nipple and areolar region. Diagnostic imaging and cytology confirmed the presence of glandular tissue, and biopsy validated the diagnosis with histologic findings that showed lobules of glandular tissue lined by bland, single-layered ductal and myoepithelial cells, disposed in a fibrous growth background. Additionally, there were foci of bland fat tissue in the histology. Surgical removal of the mass resulted in a successful outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical discussion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The occurrence of Kajava Class I accessory breast tissue in an elderly male is rare. It is important to consider accessory breast tissue in the differential diagnosis of long-standing unilateral axillary swellings. The diagnostic approach included clinical examination, imaging, and histopathology. Surgical excision provided symptomatic relief and pre- vented potential complications such as malignancy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Kajava Class I accessory breast tissue, though rare, should be considered in elderly males with long-standing unilateral axillary swelling. Early recognition and surgical intervention are crucial for optimal outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.110666","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]],"date-time":"2024-11-28T12:00:54Z","timestamp":1732795254000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Unilateral giant axillary accessory breast in male: Case report"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"Ayana Guto","family":"Bone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Collage of Health Sciences, Salale University, Fiche, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daba Iticha","family":"Ayana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Collage of Health Sciences, Salale University, Fiche, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Getahun Jiru","family":"Bedada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Collage of Health Sciences, Salale University, Fiche, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tesfaye Birhanu","family":"Abebe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Collage of Health Sciences, Salale University, Fiche, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"R1-28-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.13.10930","article-title":"The ABCs of accessory breast tissue: basic information every radiologist should know","volume":"202","author":"DeFilippis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. 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Roentgenol."},{"issue":"9","key":"R2-28-20260508","article-title":"Giant lipoma of the arm masquerading as an accessory breast: a report of a rare case","volume":"15","author":"Yadav","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"2","key":"R3-28-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2005.01362.x","article-title":"Primary carcinoma of ectopic axillary breast tissue","volume":"20","author":"Gutermuth","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology: JEADV."},{"issue":"1","key":"R4-28-20260508","article-title":"Unilateral enlarged right accessory axillary breast tissue in a male: a case report","volume":"16","author":"Singh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"3","key":"R5-28-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.12809\/hkjr2117394","article-title":"Differential diagnoses of axillary lesions: a pictorial essay","volume":"24","author":"Lai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hong Kong Journal of Radiology."},{"issue":"1","key":"R6-28-20260508","article-title":"Male breast cancer originating in an accessory mammary gland in the axilla: a case report","volume":"2012","author":"Yamamura","year":"2012","journal-title":"Case Rep. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"R7-28-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000000373","article-title":"The SCARE 2023 guideline: updating consensus surgical CAse REport (SCARE) guidelines","volume":"109","author":"Sohrabi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg."},{"issue":"9","key":"R8-28-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-199509000-00002","article-title":"Ectopic breast tissue, supernumerary breasts, and supernumerary nipples","volume":"88","author":"Velanovich","year":"1995","journal-title":"South. Med. J."},{"key":"R9-28-20260508","first-page":"143","article-title":"The proportion of supernumerary nipples in the Finnish population","volume":"31","author":"Kajava","year":"1915","journal-title":"Duodecim"},{"issue":"5","key":"R10-28-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1177\/000313480707300522","article-title":"Accessory breasts: a historical and current perspective","volume":"73","author":"Loukas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. Surg."},{"issue":"3","key":"R11-28-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.21802\/gmj.2016.3.1","article-title":"Axillary accessory breast tissue mimicking lipoma","volume":"23","author":"Echchaoui","year":"2016","journal-title":"Galician medical journal."},{"issue":"4","key":"R12-28-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clbc.2016.03.004","article-title":"Prevalence of ectopic breast tissue and tumor: a 20-year single center experience","volume":"16","author":"Fam\u00e1","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Breast Cancer"},{"key":"R14-28-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.640000","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of male accessory breast cancer: a comprehensive systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Pang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. 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