{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T22:12:39Z","timestamp":1778278359341,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"C","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]],"date-time":"2024-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction and importance:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tuberculous osteoarthritis, a rare condition affecting the elbow in 1-5 % of cases, poses diagnostic challenges due to its subtle clinical presentation, often resulting in delayed diagnosis. Herein, we present a case of tuberculous osteoarthritis involving the elbow joint. Our aim is to underscore the complexities associated with diagnosing this condition and to emphasize the critical importance of early recognition and appropriate management strategies for optimal patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A 44-year-old Tunisian woman presented with a year-long history of painful right elbow swelling, systemic symptoms, and purulent drainage. Physical examination revealed a swollen, erythematous elbow with limited mobility. Radiographs showed periarticular osteolysis and subluxation, and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      was cultured from the purulent drainage. The patient underwent open arthrotomy, synovectomy, joint irrigation, external fixation, and immobilization. Histopathology confirmed tuberculosis. She started a 12-month anti-tuberculous treatment and rehabilitation plan but was lost to follow-up due to socioeconomic difficulties.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical discussion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case underscores the intricate diagnostic challenges of tuberculous osteoarthritis, emphasizing the necessity of a comprehensive assessment for precision in diagnosis. Timely intervention plays a pivotal role in averting joint deterioration and securing favorable results, especially in regions with high endemicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Early recognition and management of tuberculous osteoarthritis are vital for preserving joint function. Maintaining a high suspicion for tuberculosis in cases of unusual joint symptoms is key to timely diagnosis and effective treatment, leading to improved patient care and outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.110759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]],"date-time":"2024-12-24T04:08:43Z","timestamp":1735013323000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Tuberculous osteo-arthritis unmasked through unusual elbow swelling: A case report"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"Faten","family":"Limaiem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed Amine","family":"Gharbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leila","family":"Bouhajja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramzi","family":"Bouzidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"R2-117-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1080\/17476348.2021.1927718","article-title":"Extrapulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"15","author":"Sharma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Respir. Med."},{"key":"R3-117-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jor.2024.05.001","article-title":"A ten-year experience of musculoskeletal tuberculosis at a tertiary care hospital in South India","volume":"56","author":"Hazra","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Orthop."},{"issue":"5","key":"R4-117-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000000373","article-title":"The SCARE 2023 guideline: updating consensus surgical CAse REport (SCARE) guidelines","volume":"109","author":"Sohrabi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg."},{"issue":"1153","key":"R5-117-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/bjr\/tqad019","article-title":"Imaging of musculoskeletal tuberculosis","volume":"97","author":"Pattamapaspong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br. J. 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Trauma Surg."},{"issue":"4","key":"R8-117-20260508","article-title":"Tuberculous arthritis of the elbow joint: an uncommon location with a diagnostic dilemma","volume":"10","author":"Khetpal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"R9-117-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1007\/s002640050187","article-title":"Tuberculous arthritis of the elbow","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int. Orthop."},{"key":"R10-117-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1258\/shorts.2011.010130","article-title":"Tuberculosis of the elbow joint","volume":"2","author":"Sagoo","year":"2011","journal-title":"JRSM Short Rep."},{"issue":"10","key":"R11-117-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1099\/acmi.0.000654.v3","article-title":"Osteoarticular tuberculosis of the ankle, a rare localization: a case report","volume":"5","author":"Malihy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Access Microbiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"R12-117-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2024.01.043","article-title":"Imaging features of shoulder tuberculosis with rice bodies formation: A case report","volume":"19","author":"Tuan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Radiol Case Rep."},{"key":"R13-117-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.218.3.r01fe27848","article-title":"Tuberculous versus pyogenic arthritis: MR imaging evaluation","volume":"218","author":"Hong","year":"2001","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"R14-117-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-008-0617-2","article-title":"MRI features of tuber-culosis of the knee","volume":"38","author":"Sanghvi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"R15-117-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmy.ijmy_154_23","article-title":"Extraspinal osteoarticular tuberculosis: A diagnostic and therapeutic challenge","volume":"12","author":"Bouaicha","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mycobacteriol."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Surgery Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2210261224015402?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2210261224015402?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.110759","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T22:00:59Z","timestamp":1778277659000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.110759"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"C","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.110759","relation":{},"ISSN":["2210-2612"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2210-2612","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-10-22","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-21","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}