{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T22:44:28Z","timestamp":1774478668353,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]],"date-time":"2019-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569888000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.com.au","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,19]],"date-time":"2019-08-19T15:52:51Z","timestamp":1566229971000},"page":"63-69","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Microbial findings, sensitivity and outcome in patients with postoperative peritonitis a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Rainer","family":"Grotelueschen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Luetgehetmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Erbes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lena M.","family":"Heidelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2849-3743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katharina","family":"Grupp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karl","family":"Karstens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tarik","family":"Ghadban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Reeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jakob R.","family":"Izbicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Bachmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-006-0517-7","article-title":"Epidemiology of sepsis in Germany: results from a national prospective multicenter study","volume":"33","author":"Engel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.101.6.1644","article-title":"Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. The ACCP\/SCCM consensus conference committee. American college of chest physicians\/society of critical care medicine","volume":"101","author":"Bone","year":"1992","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2005.6.41","article-title":"Influence of antibiotic therapy on mortality of critical surgical illness caused or complicated by infection","volume":"6","author":"Barie","year":"2005","journal-title":"Surg. Infect."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa022139","article-title":"The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000","volume":"348","author":"Martin","year":"2003","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2011.06.008","article-title":"Management and outcome of high-risk peritonitis: a retrospective survey 2005-2009","volume":"15","author":"Theunissen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis. : Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib6","first-page":"16","article-title":"Comparison of Apache II, P-POSSUM and SAPS II scoring systems in patients underwent planned laparotomies due to secondary peritonitis","volume":"85","author":"Das","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. Ital. Chir."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.5603\/AIT.2014.0043","article-title":"Serum procalcitonin is a sensitive marker for septic shock and mortality in secondary peritonitis","volume":"46","author":"Pupelis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anaesthesiol. Intensive Ther."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-2700.130883","article-title":"An introduction of tertiary peritonitis","volume":"7","author":"Mishra","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Emergencies, Trauma, Shock"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-011-1357-0","article-title":"Initial microbial spectrum in severe secondary peritonitis and relevance for treatment","volume":"31","author":"van Ruler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. : Off. Publ. Eur. Soc. Clin. Microbiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-012-2769-8","article-title":"Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock","volume":"39","author":"Dellinger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1177\/145749690709600302","article-title":"Management of severe sepsis of abdominal origin","volume":"96","author":"Pieracci","year":"2007","journal-title":"Scand. J. Surg. : Off. Organ Fin. Surg. Soc. Scand. Surg. Soc."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000117317.18092.E4","article-title":"Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock","volume":"32","author":"Dellinger","year":"2004","journal-title":"Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.118.1.146","article-title":"The influence of inadequate antimicrobial treatment of bloodstream infections on patient outcomes in the ICU setting","volume":"118","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis545","article-title":"Does the piperacillin minimum inhibitory concentration for Pseudomonas aeruginosa influence clinical outcomes of children with pseudomonal bacteremia?","volume":"55","author":"Tamma","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib15","first-page":"CD004539","article-title":"Antibiotic regimens for secondary peritonitis of gastrointestinal origin in adults","author":"Wong","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2017.08.586","article-title":"The STROCSS statement: strengthening the reporting of cohort studies in surgery","volume":"46","author":"Agha","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib17","unstructured":"Sanford JP, Gilbert DN, Sande MA. The Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy. Pocket sized ed. Dallas, TX Sperryville, VA: Antimicrobial Therapy. (p. vol. s)."},{"issue":"10 Online","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e216","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2009.02152.x","article-title":"Management and outcome of anastomotic leakage after colonic surgery","volume":"12","author":"Rickert","year":"2010","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis."},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S29","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.74.Suppl_4.S29","article-title":"Empiric treatment options in the management of complicated intra-abdominal infections","volume":"74","author":"Weigelt","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clevel. Clin. J. Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2585","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-007-0194-6","article-title":"Microbiology and management of abdominal infections","volume":"53","author":"Brook","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2009.9930","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of complicated intra-abdominal infection in adults and children: guidelines by the Surgical Infection Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"11","author":"Solomkin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Surg. Infect."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1177\/145749690409300306","article-title":"Severe secondary peritonitis following gastrointestinal tract perforation","volume":"93","author":"Mulari","year":"2004","journal-title":"Scand. J. Surg. : Off. Organ Fin. Surg. Soc. Scand. Surg. Soc."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1007\/s00423-008-0301-y","article-title":"Age, microbiology and prognostic scores help to differentiate between secondary and tertiary peritonitis","volume":"394","author":"Panhofer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Langenbeck's Arch. Surg."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1086\/323333","article-title":"The microbiology of postoperative peritonitis","volume":"33","author":"Roehrborn","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis. : Off. Publ. Infect. Dis. Soc. Am."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1D132","article-title":"Single versus combined antibiotic therapy for gram-negative infections","volume":"38","author":"Klibanov","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199011000-00004","article-title":"Results of a multicenter trial comparing imipenem\/cilastatin to tobramycin\/clindamycin for intra-abdominal infections","volume":"212","author":"Solomkin","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199603000-00012","article-title":"Results of a randomized trial comparing sequential intravenous\/oral treatment with ciprofloxacin plus metronidazole to imipenem\/cilastatin for intra-abdominal infections. The Intra-Abdominal infection study group","volume":"223","author":"Solomkin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-200101000-00013","article-title":"Results of a clinical trial of clinafloxacin versus imipenem\/cilastatin for intraabdominal infections","volume":"233","author":"Solomkin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2028","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.8.2028-2033.2000","article-title":"Monotherapy with a broad-spectrum beta-lactam is as effective as its combination with an aminoglycoside in treatment of severe generalized peritonitis: a multicenter randomized controlled trial. The severe generalized peritonitis study group","volume":"44","author":"Dupont","year":"2000","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.3.1055-1057.2004","article-title":"Synergistic activities of moxifloxacin combined with piperacillin-tazobactam or cefepime against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, and Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates","volume":"48","author":"Jung","year":"2004","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2177","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.10.2177","article-title":"Mechanism of suppression of piperacillin resistance in enterobacteria by tazobactam","volume":"41","author":"Kadima","year":"1997","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3136","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.8.3136-3146.2005","article-title":"Combination therapy with intravenous colistin for management of infections due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in patients without cystic fibrosis","volume":"49","author":"Kasiakou","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1672","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.130.6.1672","article-title":"The impact of an antibiotic cycling program on empirical therapy for gram-negative infections","volume":"130","author":"Merz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e17","DOI":"10.2165\/11599800-000000000-00000","article-title":"Essentials for selecting antimicrobial therapy for intra-abdominal infections","volume":"72","author":"Blot","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2933","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.8.17.2933","article-title":"Antimicrobial treatment for intra-abdominal infections","volume":"8","author":"Mazuski","year":"2007","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/S1201-9712(07)60001-0","article-title":"The empiric treatment of nosocomial intra-abdominal infections","volume":"11","author":"Dupont","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis. : Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkf167","article-title":"Evaluation of antimicrobial therapy management of 120 consecutive patients with secondary peritonitis","volume":"50","author":"Sotto","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199906000-00019","article-title":"Fluconazole prophylaxis prevents intra-abdominal candidiasis in high-risk surgical patients","volume":"27","author":"Eggimann","year":"1999","journal-title":"Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1086\/378702","article-title":"Guidelines for the selection of anti-infective agents for complicated intra-abdominal infections","volume":"37","author":"Solomkin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1743919119302110?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1743919119302110?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T16:05:27Z","timestamp":1677081927000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1743919119302110"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["S1743919119302110"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["1743-9191"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1743-9191","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Microbial findings, sensitivity and outcome in patients with postoperative peritonitis a retrospective cohort study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.08.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of IJS Publishing Group Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}