{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T13:05:41Z","timestamp":1780491941360,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]],"date-time":"2019-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569888000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]],"date-time":"2019-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569888000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Indian Journal of Tuberculosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,5]],"date-time":"2019-12-05T21:11:57Z","timestamp":1575580317000},"page":"555-560","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Fuelling the tuberculosis epidemic: The role of tobacco control in ending the TB emergency"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Sonu","family":"Goel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamran","family":"Siddiqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rana J.","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pranay","family":"Lal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mira B.","family":"Aghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prakash","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Elsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Garima","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib1","series-title":"Global Tuberculosis Report","author":"WHO","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib2","series-title":"Global Tuberculosis Report 2018","author":"WHO","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib3","series-title":"Fact Sheet on Tuberculosis and Tobacco","author":"WHO","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib4","unstructured":"World Health Organisation.Tobacco [Internet]. [cited 2019 Aug 25];Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/tobacco."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib5","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Tobacco [Internet]. [cited 2019 Aug 27];Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/tobacco."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib6","series-title":"Tobacco","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2018"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.167.4.335","article-title":"Risk of tuberculosis from exposure to tobacco smoke","volume":"167","author":"Bates","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040020","article-title":"Tobacco smoke, indoor air pollution and tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"4","author":"Lin","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00221814","article-title":"Tobacco and tuberculosis: could we improve tuberculosis outcomes by helping patients to stop smoking?","volume":"45","author":"Zellweger","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2004.036012","article-title":"Smoking and tuberculosis: a chance or causal association?","volume":"60","author":"Bothamley","year":"2005","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-158-9-201305070-00006","article-title":"Action to stop smoking in SuspectedTuberculosis (ASSIST) in Pakistan","volume":"158","author":"Siddiqi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib12","first-page":"1049","article-title":"Tobacco and tuberculosis: a qualitative systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Slama","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(18)30190-9","article-title":"Cigarette smoking and tuberculin skin test conversion among incarcerated adults","volume":"13","author":"Anderson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib14","unstructured":"Gupta B, \u2026 NM-E, 1997 Undefined. A Study of Household Environmental Risk Factors Pertaining to Respiratory Diseases. For Gov INDIA [Internet] [cited 2019 Oct 15]; Available from: https:\/\/scholar.google.co.in\/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=+A+study+of+household+environmental+risk+factors+pertaining+to+respiratory+diseases+Energy+Environment+Monitor+13%3A+61\u201367&btnG=."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001835","article-title":"Exposure to second-hand smoke and the risk of tuberculosis in children and adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 18 observational studies","volume":"12","author":"Patra","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3158","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268815001235","article-title":"Second-hand smoke and the risk of tuberculosis: a systematic review and a meta-analysis","volume":"143","author":"PILLAI","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib17","series-title":"Smoking Cessation and Smokefree Environments for Tuberculosis Patients","author":"Bissell","year":"2010"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa0707719","article-title":"A nationally representative case\u2013control study of smoking and death in India","volume":"358","author":"Jha","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib19","unstructured":"Indian Council of Medical Reserach. India: Health of the Nation\u2019s States [Internet]. [cited 2018 Oct 14]. Available from : https:\/\/www.healthdata.org\/sites\/default\/files\/files\/policy_report\/2017\/India_Health_of_the_Nation%27s_States_Report_2017.pdf."},{"issue":"8804","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)91600-D","article-title":"Mortality from tobacco in developed countries: indirect estimation from national vital statistics","volume":"339","author":"Peto","year":"1992","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib21","article-title":"A dose-response relationship of smoking with tuberculosis infection: a cross-sectional study among 21008 rural residents in China","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5506","article-title":"Projected effects of tobacco smoking on worldwide tuberculosis control: mathematical modelling analysis","volume":"343","author":"Basu","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"9383","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14109-8","article-title":"Smoking and mortality from tuberculosis and other diseases in India: retrospective study of 43?000 adult male deaths and 35?000 controls","volume":"362","author":"Gajalakshmi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib24","series-title":"Global Tuberculosis Report 2017","author":"World Health Organization, Geneva","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib25","series-title":"Library Cataloguing-In-Publication Data: A WHO\/The Union Monograph on TB and Tobacco Control: Joining Efforts to Control Two Related Global Epidemics","author":"WHO","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib26","series-title":"The End TB Strategy","author":"WHO","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib27","series-title":"WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2019","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2019"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-019-3909-4","article-title":"Using behaviour change theory to train health workers on tobacco cessation support for tuberculosis patients: a mixed-methods study in Bangladesh, Nepal and Pakistan","volume":"19","author":"Warsi","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib29","series-title":"South-East Asia Regional Response Plan for Integration of TB and Tobacco 2017\u20132021","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib30","unstructured":"Issue brief integrating tobacco control into tuberculosis and hiv responses Implementing the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control to address co-morbidities [Internet]. [cited 2019 Aug 27]. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/fctc\/publications\/WHO-FCTC-HIV-TB.pdf?ua=1."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib31","unstructured":"Pai M, Pai M. Tobacco and tb?: what clinicians can and must do? [Internet]. [cited 2019 Aug 27]. Available from: http:\/\/medind.nic.in\/jaw\/t09\/i2\/jawt09i2p1.pdf."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1586\/14787210.5.3.385","article-title":"Lethal interaction: the colliding epidemics of tobacco and tuberculosis","volume":"5","author":"Pai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib33","unstructured":"Chapter 5 Improving health care: individual interventions [Internet]. [cited 2019 Aug 27]. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/nmh\/publications\/ncd_report_chapter5.pdf."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00084310","article-title":"Tuberculosis and noncommunicable diseases: neglected links and missed opportunities","volume":"37","author":"Creswell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib35","series-title":"HIV\/AIDS Prevention and Treatment","author":"Bertozzi","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib36","series-title":"A WHO\/The Union Monograph on TB and Tobacco Control: Joining Efforts to Control Two Related Global Epidemics","year":"2007"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15051033","article-title":"Tobacco smoke induces and alters immune responses in the lung triggering in\ufb02ammation, allergy, asthma and other lung diseases: A Mechanistic review","volume":"15","author":"Strzelak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.4103\/ijph.IJPH_265_17","article-title":"Effect of a brief smoking cessation intervention on adult tobacco smokers with pulmonary tuberculosis: a cluster randomized controlled trial from North India","volume":"61","author":"Goel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib39","first-page":"9","article-title":"Integrating tobacco and tuberculosis control programs in India","volume":"3","author":"Goel","year":"2018","journal-title":"A Win\u2013win Situat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009_bib40","first-page":"1465","article-title":"Smoking cessation interventions for pulmonary tuberculosis treatment outcomes","author":"Jeyashree","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Tuberculosis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0019570719304457?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0019570719304457?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T03:58:15Z","timestamp":1758081495000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0019570719304457"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0019570719304457"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-5707"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-5707","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Fuelling the tuberculosis epidemic: The role of tobacco control in ending the TB emergency","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.11.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Tuberculosis Association of India.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}