{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T10:14:44Z","timestamp":1772532884956,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian Journal of Tuberculosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T01:38:51Z","timestamp":1601516331000},"page":"S43-S47","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"special_numbering":"S","title":["Latent TB (LTBI) treatment: Challenges in India with an eye on 2025"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Rajpal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V.K.","family":"Arora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib1","series-title":"The Ten-Year Incidence of Clinical TB Following Conversion in 2,550 Individuals Aged 14 to 19 Years","author":"Sutherland","year":"1968"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Recent studies in the epidemiology of tuberculosis, based on the risk of being infected with tubercle bacilli","volume":"19","author":"Sutherland","year":"1976","journal-title":"Adv Tuberc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib3","first-page":"555","article-title":"Efficacy of various durations of isoniazid preventive therapy for tuberculosis: five years of follow-up in the IUAT trial","volume":"60","year":"1982","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s13665-013-0064-y","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection: an update","volume":"2","author":"Person","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Respir Care Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(08)70071-9","article-title":"Tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection in close contacts of people with pulmonary tuberculosis in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Morrison","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/17.6.968","article-title":"The tuberculin skin test","volume":"17","author":"Huebner","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.05.012","article-title":"Interferon gamma release assays: principles and practice","volume":"28","author":"Lalvani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Enferm Infecc Microbiol Cl\u00edn"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00115110","article-title":"Interferon-\u03b3release assays for the diagnosis of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"37","author":"Diel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-146-5-200703060-00006","article-title":"Meta-analysis: new tests for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection: areas of uncertainty and recommendations for research","volume":"146","author":"Menzies","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib10","series-title":"Guidelines on the Management of Latent Tuberculosis Infection","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib11","series-title":"A Guide for Health Care Providers by Center for Disease Control, USA","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib12","series-title":"Targeted Tuberculin Testing and Treatment of LTBI","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1104875","article-title":"TB Trials Consortium PREVENT TB Study Team. Three months of rifapentine and isoniazid for latent tuberculosis infection","volume":"365","author":"Sterling","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ323","article-title":"Tuberculosis Trials Consortium. Flu-like and other systemic drug reactions among persons receiving weekly rifapentine plus isoniazid or daily isoniazid for treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in the prevent tuberculosis study","volume":"61","author":"Sterling","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1714284","article-title":"Safety and side effects of rifampin versus isoniazid in children","volume":"379","author":"Diallo","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1714283","article-title":"Four months of rifampin or nine months of isoniazid for latent tuberculosis in adults","volume":"379","author":"Menzies","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200404-478OC","article-title":"Treatment completion and costs of a randomized trial of rifampin for 4 months versus isoniazid for 9 months","volume":"170","author":"Menzies","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-149-10-200811180-00003","article-title":"Adverse events with 4 months of rifampin therapy or 9 months of isoniazid therapy for latent tuberculosis infection: a randomized trial","volume":"149","author":"Menzies","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1086\/520983","article-title":"The effectiveness of a 9-month regimen of isoniazid alone versus 3- and 4-month regimens of isoniazid plus rifampin for treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in children: results of an 11-year randomized study","volume":"45","author":"Spyridis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.99.2.465","article-title":"Toxic hepatitis with isoniazid and rifampin. A meta-analysis","volume":"99","author":"Steele","year":"1991","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/2.2.153","article-title":"Isoniazid chemoprophylaxis of latent primary tuberculosis: in five trial centres in France from 1959 to 1969","volume":"2","author":"Debre","year":"1973","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku562","article-title":"Isoniazid treatment to prevent TB in kidney and pancreas transplant recipients based on an interferon-\u03b3-releasing assay: an exploratory randomized controlled trial","volume":"70","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib23","first-page":"138","article-title":"Isoniazid prophylaxis for pulmonary tuberculosis in Chinese patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving long-term methotrexate therapy","volume":"40","author":"Xie","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1507198","article-title":"TEMPRANO ANRS 12136 Study Group. A trial of early antiretrovirals and isoniazid preventive therapy in Africa","volume":"373","author":"Danel","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199707313370505","article-title":"Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS. A controlled trial of isoniazid in persons with anergy and human immunodeficiency virus infection who are at high risk for tuberculosis","volume":"337","author":"Gordin","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199707000-00006","article-title":"Isoniazid preventive therapy for tuberculosis in HIV-1-infected adults: results of a randomized controlled trial","volume":"11","author":"Hawken","year":"1997","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2137","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200111090-00009","article-title":"Uganda\u2013Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration. Duration of efficacy of treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in HIV-infected adults","volume":"15","author":"Johnson","year":"2001","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200101260-00011","article-title":"Long-term effect of preventive therapy for tuberculosis in a cohort of HIV-infected Zambian adults","volume":"15","author":"Quigley","year":"2001","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199709183371201","article-title":"Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration. A trial of three regimens to prevent tuberculosis in Ugandan adults infected with the human immunodeficiency virus","volume":"337","author":"Whalen","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trx081","article-title":"Tuberculosis among the homeless in Chennai city, South India","volume":"111","author":"Dolla","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib31","first-page":"e418","article-title":"The burden of diabetes in India","volume":"7","author":"Atre","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163e168","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0b013e32835bb19e","article-title":"Silicosis in India: past and present","volume":"19","author":"Jindal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pulm Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-031912-114431","article-title":"Prospects for tuberculosis elimination","volume":"34","author":"Dye","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annu Rev Publ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.07.004","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of latent TB infection in Asia:Review of current status and challenges","volume":"87","author":"Nicholas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028_bib35","series-title":"LTBI Management: Experience in Japan. Kato S and Yoshiyama T. Global Consultation on the Programmatic Management of Latent Tuberculosis Infection","year":"2016"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Tuberculosis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0019570720301761?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0019570720301761?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,11]],"date-time":"2020-12-11T19:01:21Z","timestamp":1607713281000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0019570720301761"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0019570720301761"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.09.028","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-5707"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-5707","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}}}