{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T20:24:17Z","timestamp":1776025457555,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian Journal of Tuberculosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,15]],"date-time":"2020-11-15T22:20:30Z","timestamp":1605478830000},"page":"S33-S42","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"special_numbering":"S","title":["Surveillance of tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Val\u00e9rie","family":"Schwoebel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196301242680405","article-title":"The surveillance of communicable diseases of national importance","volume":"268","author":"Langmuir","year":"1963","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/5.1.13","article-title":"William Farr: founder of modern concepts of surveillance","volume":"5","author":"Langmuir","year":"1976","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib3","series-title":"The White Plague. Tuberculosis, Man, and Society","author":"Dubos","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib4","first-page":"756","article-title":"Ueber bacteriologische forschung","volume":"16","author":"Koch","year":"1890","journal-title":"Dtsch Med Wochenschr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib5","first-page":"221","article-title":"Die aetiologie der Tuberculose","volume":"19","author":"Koch","year":"1882","journal-title":"Berl Klin Wschr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1909.25420350001001","article-title":"Frequency of tuberculosis in childhood","volume":"52","author":"von Pirquet","year":"1909","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib7","first-page":"10","article-title":"L'intradermo-r\u00e9action \u00e0 la tuberculine et son interpr\u00e9tation clinique","author":"Mantoux","year":"1910","journal-title":"Presse Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-3879(76)80006-2","article-title":"Transmission of tubercle bacilli: the effects of chemotherapy","volume":"57","author":"Rouillon","year":"1976","journal-title":"Tubercle"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib9","first-page":"S1","article-title":"Guidelines for conducting tuberculin skin test surveys in high-prevalence countries","volume":"15","author":"Rieder","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib10","first-page":"66","article-title":"Epidemiological indices for planning, surveillance and evaluation of tuberculosis programmes","volume":"49","author":"Styblo","year":"1974","journal-title":"Bull Int Union Tuberc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib11","first-page":"1","article-title":"The transmission of tubercle bacilli - its trend in a human population. Tuberculosis Surveillance Research Unit Report No. 1","volume":"42","author":"St\u00fdblo","year":"1969","journal-title":"Bull Int Union Tuberc"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib12","first-page":"439","article-title":"The surveillance of communicable diseases","volume":"22","author":"Lucas","year":"1968","journal-title":"WHO Chron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib13","series-title":"Infectious Disease Surveillance","first-page":"234","article-title":"Surveillance for tuberculosis","author":"Antoine","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib14","series-title":"Tuberculosis in India. Its Prevalence, Causation and Prevention","author":"Lankester","year":"1920"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib15","series-title":"TB India 2014. Revised National TB Control Programme Annual Status Report. Reach the Unreached - Find, Treat, Cure TB, Save Lives","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.06.0636-v","article-title":"On the virulence and specificity of tuberculosis. Read at the Acad\u00e9mie de M\u00e9decine on 8 August 1868","volume":"19","author":"Villemin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib17","series-title":"De l'auscultation m\u00e9diate ou Trait\u00e9 du diagnostic des maladies des poumons et du coeur, fond\u00e9 principalement sur ce nouveau moyen d'exploration. Tome second","author":"Laennec","year":"1819"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib18","first-page":"537","article-title":"Isolation of antibiotic substances from soil micro-organisms, with special reference to streptothricin and streptomycin","volume":"19","author":"Waksman","year":"1944","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib19","first-page":"195","article-title":"Principles of IUATLD collaborative tuberculosis programmes","volume":"66","author":"Enarson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Bull Int Union Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-3879(91)90017-M","article-title":"The global tuberculosis situation and the new control strategy of the World Health Organization.","volume":"72","author":"Kochi","year":"1991","journal-title":"Tubercle"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib21","series-title":"Framework for Effective Tuberculosis Control","first-page":"1","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199302253280801","article-title":"The emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis in New York City","volume":"328","author":"Frieden","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib23","series-title":"Anti-tuberculosis Drug Resistance in the World. The WHO\/IUATLD Global Project on Anti-tuberculosis Drug Resistance Surveillance","first-page":"1","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib24","series-title":"Guidelines for Surveillance of Drug Resistance in Tuberculosis","first-page":"1","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsr1512438","article-title":"Twenty years of global surveillance of antituberculosis drug resistance","volume":"375","author":"Zignol","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib26","series-title":"Global Tuberculosis Report 2019","first-page":"1","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib27","series-title":"Implementing the End TB Strategy: The Essentials","first-page":"1","year":"2015"},{"issue":"9304","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)07634-1","article-title":"Global fund on AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria holds first board meeting","volume":"359","author":"Kapp","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib29","first-page":"149","article-title":"Tuberculosis: a global overview of the situation today","volume":"70","author":"Sudre","year":"1992","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib30","series-title":"Integrating Collaborative TB and HIV Services within a Comprehensive Package of Care for People Who Inject Drugs. Consolidated Guidelines, Geneva, 2016","first-page":"1","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30703-X","article-title":"The global burden of tuberculosis: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015","volume":"18","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyy144","article-title":"What is the true tuberculosis mortality burden? Differences in estimates by the World Health Organization and the Global Burden of Disease study","volume":"47","author":"Garc\u00eda-Basteiro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.15.0873","article-title":"Numbers of tuberculosis cases: dreams and reality.","volume":"20","author":"Tr\u00e9bucq","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Tubercul Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib34","series-title":"Definitions and Reporting Framework for Tuberculosis - 2013 Revision (Updated December 2014)","first-page":"1","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200511-1809SO","article-title":"Childhood pulmonary tuberculosis. Old wisdom and new challenges","volume":"173","author":"Marais","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib36","series-title":"India TB report 2020. National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme, Annual Report","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib37","series-title":"Guidelines for Treatment of Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis and Patient Care. 2017 Update","first-page":"1","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib38","series-title":"Implementing Tuberculosis Diagnostics. Policy Framework","first-page":"1","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib39","series-title":"Guidelines for Surveillance of Drug Resistance in Tuberculosis","first-page":"1","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib40","series-title":"Management of tuberculosis. A guide to the essentials of good practice","first-page":"1","author":"Dlodlo","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib41","first-page":"11","article-title":"A method for evaluating systems of epidemiological surveillance","volume":"41","author":"Thacker","year":"1988","journal-title":"Wld Hllth Statist Quart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.17.0271","article-title":"Onions and prevalence surveys: how to analyze and quantify tuberculosis case-finding gaps.","volume":"21","author":"Wells","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.14.0775","article-title":"Introducing new tuberculosis diagnostics: the impact of Xpert\u00ae MTB\/RIF testing on case notifications in Nepal","volume":"19","author":"Creswell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.15.0580","article-title":"Widespread use of Xpert\u00ae MTB\/RIF will most probably reduce the total number of TB cases notified.","volume":"19","author":"Tr\u00e9bucq","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib45","series-title":"Epidemiologic basis of tuberculosis control","first-page":"1","author":"Rieder","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.96.09051097","article-title":"Surveillance of tuberculosis in Europe. Recommendations of a working group of the world health organization (WHO) and the European region of the international union against tuberculosis and Lung disease (IUATLD) for uniform reporting on tuberculosis cases","volume":"9","author":"Rieder","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib47","series-title":"Standards and Benchmarks for Tuberculosis Surveillance and Vital Registration Systems. Checklist and User Guide","first-page":"1","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00043315","article-title":"The role of eHealth and mHealth in tuberculosis and tobacco control: a WHO\/ERS consultation. (Editorial)","volume":"46","author":"Falzon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.91.11.1776","article-title":"An ethics framework for public health","volume":"91","author":"Kass","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Publ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib50","series-title":"Ethics Guidance for the Implementation of the END TB Strategy","first-page":"1","year":"2017"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.18.0549","article-title":"Local staff making sense of their tuberculosis data: key to quality care and ending tuberculosis","volume":"23","author":"Heldal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Tuberculosis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S001957072030216X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S001957072030216X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,12]],"date-time":"2020-12-12T00:02:57Z","timestamp":1607731377000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S001957072030216X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S001957072030216X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.11.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-5707"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-5707","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}}}