{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T03:24:05Z","timestamp":1792034645031,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Indian Journal of Tuberculosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,29]],"date-time":"2022-10-29T21:52:12Z","timestamp":1667080332000},"page":"S225-S231","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"special_numbering":"S2","title":["Challenges in treating tuberculosis in the elderly population in tertiary institute"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Srikanti","family":"Raghu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib1","series-title":"Global Tuberculosis Report 2020","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib2","series-title":"Central TB division. India TB report","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib3","series-title":"Elderly in India","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib4","unstructured":"Government of India Ministry of statistics and programme implementation, social statistics division www.mospi.gov.inhttps:\/\/mospi.gov.in\/web\/mospi\/reports-publications."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib5","unstructured":"India Annual TB report 2022 by Ministry of Health and Family Welfare."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib6","series-title":"The 5th Nationwide TB Prevalence Survey in China","article-title":"Control CCfD","author":"Xia","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0690(02)00057-5","article-title":"Tuberculosis in the elderly","volume":"19","author":"Zevallos","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Geriatr Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib8","series-title":"Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach","first-page":"2015","article-title":"Tuberculosis","author":"Peloquin","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2009.02619.x","article-title":"Mortality of tuberculosis in very old people","volume":"58","author":"Salvado\u00e1","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.2165\/00002512-199608060-00005","article-title":"Tuberculosis in the elderly: epidemiology and optimal management","volume":"8","author":"Davies","year":"1996","journal-title":"Drugs Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/28.2.199","article-title":"Mortality trends of elderly people in Taiwan from 1974 to 1994","volume":"28","author":"Leung","year":"1999","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198506063122304","article-title":"Tuberculosis as an endemic and nosocomial infection among the elderly in nursing homes","volume":"312","author":"Stead","year":"1985","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib13","series-title":"\u2018Caring for Our Elders: Early Responses\u2019\u2014India Ageing Report\u2013 2017","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib14","first-page":"811","article-title":"The pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis among older persons","volume":"91","author":"Stead","year":"1965","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2010.01784.x","article-title":"Tuberculosis at extremes of age","volume":"15","author":"Schaaf","year":"2010","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e152","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050152","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of active tuberculosis: a systematic review of 13 observational studies","volume":"5","author":"Jeon","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010138","article-title":"COPD and the risk of tuberculosis\u2013a population-based cohort study","volume":"5","author":"Inghammar","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.15.0031","article-title":"Risk of incident active tuberculosis and use of corticosteroids","volume":"19","author":"Lai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Tubercul Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(02)00437-1","article-title":"Ageing and infection","volume":"2","author":"Gavazzi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-3681-2_2","article-title":"The immune system and its dysregulation with aging","volume":"91","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Subcell Biochem"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwv121","article-title":"A field-validated approach using surveillance and genotyping data to estimate tuberculosis attributable to recent transmission in the United States","volume":"182","author":"France","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-1451-0","article-title":"Does tuberculosis threaten our ageing populations?","volume":"16","author":"Byng-Maddick","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.45.12.912","article-title":"Pulmonary tuberculosis in the elderly: a different disease?","volume":"45","author":"Morris","year":"1990","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.116.4.961","article-title":"Does aging modify pulmonary tuberculosis? A meta-analytical review","volume":"116","author":"P\u00e9rez-Guzm\u00e1n","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2007.07.004","article-title":"Tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in older adults","volume":"28","author":"Schluger","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2014.11.018","article-title":"Tuberculosis among older adults\u2013time to take notice","volume":"32","author":"Negin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101365","article-title":"Tuberculosis of the spine (Pott\u2019sdisease) presenting as \u2018compression fractures\u2019","volume":"40","author":"Dass","year":"2002","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib28","unstructured":"A World Free of Tb. World health organization. www.who.int\/tb\/en\/. Accessed June 16, 2008."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-9974-7-10","article-title":"Perspective on the human cough reflex","volume":"7","author":"Brooks","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cough"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1086\/322671","article-title":"Tuberculosis and aging: a global health problem","volume":"33","author":"Rajagopalan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis: an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2011.03369.x","article-title":"Tuberculosis in older adults in the United States, 1993\u20132008","volume":"59","author":"Pratt","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1993.tb06735.x","article-title":"Flexible bronchoscopy as a diagnostic tool in the evaluation of pulmonary tuberculosis in an elderly population","volume":"41","author":"Patel","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/22.4.289","article-title":"The association of age with the presentation and outcome of tuberculosis: a five-year survey","volume":"22","author":"Teale","year":"1993","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz306","article-title":"Tuberculosis in older adults: seattle and king county","volume":"70","author":"Gardner Toren","year":"2020","journal-title":"Washington Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-016-2132-z","article-title":"Anti-tuberculosis drug concentrations in tuberculosis patients with and without diabetes mellitus","volume":"73","author":"Kumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02174-18","article-title":"Low antituberculosis drug concentrations in HIV-tuberculosis-coinfected adults with low body weight: is it time to update dosing guidelines?","volume":"63","author":"Sekaggya-Wiltshire","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2005.20.5.784","article-title":"Diagnostic and therapeutic problems of pulmonary tuberculosis in elderly patients","volume":"20","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Kor Med Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1002\/chp.1340200303","article-title":"Evaluating provider prescribing practices for the treatment of tuberculosis in Virginia, 1995 to 1998: an assessment of educational need","volume":"20","author":"Richardson","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Continuing Educ Health Prof"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e147","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw376","article-title":"Official American thoracic society\/centers for disease control and prevention\/infectious diseases society of America clinical practice guidelines: treatment of drug-susceptible tuberculosis","volume":"63","author":"Nahid","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1023\/B:QURE.0000021317.12945.f0","article-title":"Quality of life in tuberculosis: patient and provider perspectives","volume":"13","author":"Hansel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib41","first-page":"231","article-title":"Profile ofgeriatric patients under DOTS in revised national tuberculosis control programme","volume":"45","author":"AroraVK","year":"2003","journal-title":"Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib42","unstructured":"Ministry of HealthandFamilyWelfare.Central TB division. National Strategic Plan for TB elimination 2017\u20132025. Available from: https:\/\/tbcindia.gov.in\/WriteReadData\/NSP%20Draft%2020.02.2017%201.pdf."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurger.2012.09.005","article-title":"Tuberculosis in older adults","volume":"4","author":"Tatar","year":"2012","journal-title":"European Geriatric Medicine"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Tuberculosis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0019570722001378?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0019570722001378?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T12:52:29Z","timestamp":1747918349000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0019570722001378"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["S0019570722001378"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-5707"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-5707","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Challenges in treating tuberculosis in the elderly population in tertiary institute","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijtb.2022.10.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Tuberculosis Association of India.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}