{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T04:43:19Z","timestamp":1781844199913,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Indian Journal of Tuberculosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]],"date-time":"2024-04-26T02:37:37Z","timestamp":1714099057000},"page":"S12-S17","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"S1","title":["Spatial patterns and multilevel analysis of factors associated with paediatric tuberculosis in India"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Mohan","family":"Balakrishnan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8733-5297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Varadharajan","family":"R","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2018.06.006","article-title":"Socio-demographic profile and treatment outcomes in pediatric TB patients attending DOTS centers in urban areas of Delhi","volume":"66","author":"Dhaked","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Tubercul"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib2","author":"Venturini"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2023.05.018","article-title":"Perceptions and challenges among health care providers about HIV-TB co-infected children- A qualitative study","volume":"70","author":"Shrestha","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indian J Tubercul"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-12149-x","article-title":"Association of multidimensional poverty and tuberculosis in India","volume":"21","author":"Pathak","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Publ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2023.04.008","article-title":"Latent TB in Indian pediatric population: an update on evidence gaps and research needs","volume":"70","author":"Surve","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indian J Tubercul"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e207","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(21)00462-9","article-title":"Global estimates of paediatric tuberculosis incidence in 2013\u201319: a mathematical modelling analysis","volume":"10","author":"Yerramsetti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Global Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2021.02.003","article-title":"Paediatric tuberculosis \u2013 new advances to close persistent gaps","volume":"113","author":"Marais","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0231637","article-title":"Spatial distribution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in metropolitan harare, Zimbabwe","volume":"15","author":"Chirenda","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2014.12.011","article-title":"Getis-Ord\u2019s hot- and cold-spot statistics as a basis for multivariate spatial clustering of orchard tree data","volume":"111","author":"Peeters","year":"2015","journal-title":"Comput Electron Agric"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2019.102145","article-title":"A simple multilevel approach for analysing geographical inequalities in public health reports: the case of municipality differences in obesity","volume":"58","author":"Merlo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Health Place"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.6735","article-title":"Spatial epidemiology: current approaches and future challenges","volume":"112","author":"Elliott","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3643","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.13973","article-title":"Geospatial dynamics of COVID-19 clusters and hotspots in Bangladesh","volume":"68","author":"Islam","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transbound Emerg Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi8040176","article-title":"Hot spot analysis versus cluster and outlier analysis: an enquiry into the grouping of rural accommodation in extremadura (Spain)","volume":"8","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Mart\u00edn","year":"2019","journal-title":"ISPRS Int J Geo-Inf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib15","series-title":"Hierarchical Linear Modeling: Guide and Applications","author":"Garson","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bhise MD, Patra S. Prevalence and correlates of hypertension in Maharashtra, India: a multilevel analysis. PLoS One; 13. Epub ahead of print 1 February 2018. DOI: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0191948.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191948"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13197","article-title":"Multilevel analysis of geographic variation among correlates of child undernutrition in India","volume":"17","author":"Jain","year":"2021","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compenvurbsys.2014.07.007","article-title":"Spatial economic resilience and accessibility: a joint perspective","volume":"49","author":"\u00d6sth","year":"2015","journal-title":"Comput Environ Urban Syst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/40311","article-title":"Identifying hot spots of tuberculosis in Nigeria using an early warning outbreak recognition system: retrospective analysis of implications for active case finding interventions","volume":"9","author":"Ogbudebe","year":"2023","journal-title":"JMIR Public Health Surveill"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib20","article-title":"Exploring spatial dependencies in the prevalence of childhood diarrhea in Mozambique using global and local measures of spatial autocorrelation","volume":"34","author":"Raza","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med J Islam Repub Iran"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Venkatesan RG, Mappillairaju B. Detection of hotspots of school dropouts in India: a spatial clustering approach. PLoS One; 18. Epub ahead of print 1 January 2023. DOI: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0280034.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0280034"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1007\/s11205-006-9034-x","article-title":"Using exploratory spatial data analysis to leverage social indicator databases: the discovery of interesting patterns","volume":"82","author":"Anselin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Soc Indicat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib23","series-title":"Investigation of Tuberculosis Clusters in Dehradun City of India Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine","author":"Tiwari","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roux AVD, Aiello AE. Multilevel analysis of infectious diseases, https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article\/191\/Supplement_1\/S25\/933547 (1214).","DOI":"10.1086\/425288"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2018.11.010","article-title":"Prevalence and determinants of latent tuberculosis infection among frontline tuberculosis healthcare workers in southeastern China: a multilevel analysis by individuals and health facilities","volume":"79","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Tuberculosis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0019570724000751?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0019570724000751?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T17:09:19Z","timestamp":1747760959000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0019570724000751"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":24,"alternative-id":["S0019570724000751"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-5707"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-5707","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Spatial patterns and multilevel analysis of factors associated with paediatric tuberculosis in India","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijtb.2024.04.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Tuberculosis Association of India. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}