{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T19:06:59Z","timestamp":1778094419057,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9-10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,1]],"date-time":"2008-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1225497600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,1]],"date-time":"2008-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1225497600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FKZ 01 KI 0750"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FKZ 01 KI 0750"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FKZ 01 KI 0751"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FKZ 01 KI 0751"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Go983\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Go983\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFB621"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFB621"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunobiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,3]],"date-time":"2008-09-03T14:39:31Z","timestamp":1220452771000},"page":"879-888","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Mycobacterium avium subspecies induce differential expression of pro-inflammatory mediators in a murine macrophage model: Evidence for enhanced pathogenicity of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"213","author":[{"given":"Tina","family":"Basler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Geffers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siegfried","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Valentin-Weigand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ralph","family":"Goethe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1385\/IR:35:3:179","article-title":"Pathogenesis of Mycobacterium avium infection: typical responses to an atypical mycobacterium?","volume":"35","author":"Appelberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Immunol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1089\/153531404772914419","article-title":"Application of the genome sequence to address concerns that Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis might be a foodborne pathogen","volume":"1","author":"Bannantine","year":"2004","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2185","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-146-9-2185","article-title":"Characterization of IS900 loci in Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and development of multiplex PCR typing","volume":"146","author":"Bull","year":"2000","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1038\/ncprheum0681","article-title":"Primer: inflammasomes and interleukin 1beta in inflammatory disorders","volume":"4","author":"Church","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Clin. Pract. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9975(97)80001-1","article-title":"The pathology and pathogenesis of paratuberculosis in ruminants and other species","volume":"116","author":"Clarke","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Comp. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.7.3.328","article-title":"Paratuberculosis","volume":"7","author":"Cocito","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib7","first-page":"1068","article-title":"Chronic intestinal enteritis","author":"Dalziel","year":"1913","journal-title":"BMJ ii"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1177\/104063879801000311","article-title":"Case report and DNA characterization of Mycobacterium avium isolates from multiple animals with lesions in a beef cattle herd","volume":"10","author":"de Lisle","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2004.01.008","article-title":"Study of Mycobacterium avium complex strains isolated from cattle in the Czech Republic between 1996 and 2000","volume":"99","author":"Dvorska","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(07)70211-6","article-title":"Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and Crohn's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Feller","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03104","article-title":"Lipocalin 2 mediates an innate immune response to bacterial infection by sequestrating iron","volume":"432","author":"Flo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2005.02598.x","article-title":"Zoonotic potential of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis: the current position","volume":"98","author":"Grant","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(03)00724-2","article-title":"Is Crohn's disease caused by a mycobacterium? Comparisons with leprosy, tuberculosis, and Johne's disease","volume":"3","author":"Greenstein","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.14.3.489-512.2001","article-title":"Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in veterinary medicine","volume":"14","author":"Harris","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(97)00125-9","article-title":"Development of an ELISA technique for serodiagnosis of bovine paratuberculosis","volume":"57","author":"Jark","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1462-5822.2001.00139.x","article-title":"Characterization of the intracellular survival of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis: phagosomal pH and fusogenicity in J774 macrophages compared with other mycobacteria","volume":"3","author":"Kuehnel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12344","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0505662102","article-title":"The complete genome sequence of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis","volume":"102","author":"Li","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method","volume":"25","author":"Livak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70421-4","article-title":"Crohn's disease in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1940\u20131993: incidence, prevalence, and survival","volume":"114","author":"Loftus","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2002.01140.x","article-title":"The epidemiology and natural history of Crohn's disease in population-based patient cohorts from North America: a systematic review","volume":"16","author":"Loftus","year":"2002","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-52-5-1505","article-title":"Molecular evidence to support a proposal to reserve the designation Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium for bird-type isolates and \u2018M. avium subsp. hominissuis\u2019 for the human\/porcine type of M. avium","volume":"52","author":"Mijs","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588802500205","article-title":"Role of M cells and macrophages in the entrance of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis into domes of ileal Peyer's patches in calves","volume":"25","author":"Momotani","year":"1988","journal-title":"Vet. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1994.tb06127.x","article-title":"Characterization of the virulence of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) isolates in mice","volume":"98","author":"Pedrosa","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.3.1515-1520.2001","article-title":"Mycobacterium avium invades the intestinal mucosa primarily by interacting with enterocytes","volume":"69","author":"Sangari","year":"2001","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3759","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.63.10.3759-3764.1995","article-title":"Relationship between virulence of Mycobacterium avium strains and induction of tumor necrosis factor alpha production in infected mice and in in vitro-cultured mouse macrophages","volume":"63","author":"Sarmento","year":"1995","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4514","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.12.4514-4517.2001","article-title":"Identification of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in biopsy specimens from patients with Crohn's disease identified by in situ hybridization","volume":"39","author":"Sechi","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib27","first-page":"75","article-title":"Mycobacterium avium sub. paratuberculosis in tissue samples of Crohn's disease patients","volume":"27","author":"Sechi","year":"2004","journal-title":"New Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2005.41415.x","article-title":"Detection and isolation of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis from intestinal mucosal biopsies of patients with and without Crohn's disease in Sardinia","volume":"100","author":"Sechi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.3.1265-1274.2004","article-title":"A 38-kilobase pathogenicity island specific for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis encodes cell surface proteins expressed in the host","volume":"72","author":"Stratmann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1995.56.10.1322","article-title":"Isolation of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis from colostrum and milk of subclinically infected cows","volume":"56","author":"Streeter","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10536.x","article-title":"Isolation and diagnostic potential of ISMav2, a novel insertion sequence-like element from Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis","volume":"196","author":"Strommenger","year":"2001","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.30.1.166-171.1992","article-title":"Mycobacterium paratuberculosis cultured from milk and supramammary lymph nodes of infected asymptomatic cows","volume":"30","author":"Sweeney","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540510026850","article-title":"Mycobacterium avium with the bird type IS1245 RFLP profile is commonly found in wild and domestic animals, but rarely in humans","volume":"37","author":"Thegerstrom","year":"2005","journal-title":"Scand. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-40-3-254","volume":"40","author":"Thorel","year":"1990","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2479","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01691-07","article-title":"Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium are independently evolved pathogenic clones of a much broader group of M. avium organisms","volume":"190","author":"Turenne","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M409983200","article-title":"Stimulus-specific induction of a novel nuclear factor-kappaB regulator, IkappaB-zeta, via toll\/interleukin-1 receptor is mediated by mRNA stabilization","volume":"280","author":"Yamazaki","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.2003.01564.x","article-title":"Activation of macrophages and interference with CD4+ T-cell stimulation by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium subspecies avium","volume":"108","author":"Zur Lage","year":"2003","journal-title":"Immunology"}],"container-title":["Immunobiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S017129850800082X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S017129850800082X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T16:23:36Z","timestamp":1759249416000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S017129850800082X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,11]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9-10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S017129850800082X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0171-2985"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0171-2985","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Mycobacterium avium subspecies induce differential expression of pro-inflammatory mediators in a murine macrophage model: Evidence for enhanced pathogenicity of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Immunobiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.07.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2008 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}