{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T19:27:49Z","timestamp":1789846069621,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,1]],"date-time":"2016-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470009600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,1]],"date-time":"2016-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470009600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunobiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,18]],"date-time":"2016-03-18T22:45:26Z","timestamp":1458341126000},"page":"879-888","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["PD-1 function in apoptosis of T lymphocytes in canine visceral leishmaniasis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"221","author":[{"given":"Vanessa Marim","family":"Chiku","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathlenn Liezbeth Oliveira","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Breno Fernando Martins","family":"de Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela Lovizutto","family":"Venturin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aline Aparecida Correa","family":"Leal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cleber Costa","family":"de Martini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flavia","family":"de Rezende Eug\u00eanio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulo Sergio Patto","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Val\u00e9ria Mar\u00e7al Felix","family":"de Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e35671","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035671","article-title":"Leishmaniasis worldwide and global estimates of its incidence","volume":"7","author":"Alvar","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7160","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.11.7160","volume":"174","author":"Basu","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2427(96)05768-6","article-title":"Lymphocyte subset abnormalities in canine leishmaniasis","volume":"56","author":"Bourdoiseau","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.1992.tb00026.x","article-title":"Demonstration of Leishmania specific cell mediated and humoral immunity in asymptomatic dogs","volume":"14","author":"Cabral","year":"1992","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0123009","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0123009","article-title":"Parasite load induces progressive spleen architecture breakage and impairs cytokine mRNA expression in Leishmania infantum-naturally infected dogs","volume":"10","author":"Cavalcanti","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1291","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001291","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with Leishmania infantum infection of dogs from an urban area of Brazil as identified by molecular methods","volume":"5","author":"Coura-Vital","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1979","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.3.1979","article-title":"Programmed death 1 expression on HIV-specific CD4+ T cells is driven by viral replication and associated with T cell dysfunction","volume":"179","author":"D'Souza","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05115","article-title":"PD-1 expression on HIV specific T cells is associated with T-cell exhaustion and disease progression","volume":"21","author":"Day","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2012.05.004","article-title":"Canine leishmaniosis. Modulation of macrophage\/lymphocyte interactions by L. infantum","volume":"189","author":"Diaz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1038\/nm730","article-title":"Tumor-associated B7-H1 promotes T-cell apoptosis: a potential mechanism of immune evasion","volume":"8","author":"Dong","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2008.02.004","article-title":"Associations among immunological, parasitological and clinical parameters in canine visceral leishmaniasis: emaciation, spleen parasitism, specific antibodies and leishmanin skin test reaction","volume":"123","author":"Dos-Santos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2011.03406.x","article-title":"Programmed death ligand 2 regulates arginase induction and modifies Trypanossoma cruzi survival in macrophages during murine experimental infection","volume":"133","author":"Dulgerian","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5542","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1301810","article-title":"Programmed death 1-mediated T cell exhaustion during visceral leishmaniasis impairs phagocyte function","volume":"191","author":"Esch","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-165X.2008.00048.x","article-title":"Extranodal gamma delta-T-cell lymphoma in a dog with leishmaniasis","volume":"37","author":"Foglia Manzillo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2009.10.019","article-title":"Feline programmed death and its ligand: characterization and changes with feline immunodeficiency virus infection","volume":"134","author":"Folkl","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.7.1027","article-title":"Engagement of the PD-1 immunoinhibitory receptor by a novel B7 family member leads to negative regulation of lymphocyte activation","volume":"192","author":"Freeman","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.23.021704.115611","article-title":"The B7 family revisited","volume":"23","author":"Greenwald","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000431","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000431","article-title":"B7-H1 blockade increases survival of dysfunctional CD8(+) T cells and confers protection against Leishmania donovani infections","volume":"5","author":"Joshi","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)90542-X","article-title":"The relationship of IL-4- and IFN gamma-producing T cells studied by lineage ablation of IL-4-producing cells","volume":"75","author":"Kamogawa","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"p10483","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0804453105","article-title":"Crystal structure of the complex between programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L2","volume":"105","author":"L\u00e1z\u00e1r-Moln\u00e1r","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1038\/85330","article-title":"PD-L2 is a second ligand for PD-1 and inhibits T cell activation","volume":"2","author":"Latchman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2014.08.022","article-title":"Immunological profile of resistance and susceptibility innaturally infected dogs by Leishmania infantum","volume":"205","author":"Leal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2003000400010","article-title":"Anti-leishmania antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid from dogs with visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"36","author":"Lima","year":"2003","journal-title":"Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.08.024","article-title":"Apoptosis in T lymphocytes from spleen tissue and peripheral blood of L. (L.) chagasi naturally infected dogs","volume":"184","author":"Lima","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"p5336","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0931259100","article-title":"PD-L1 and PD-L2 are differentially regulated by Th1 and Th2 cells","volume":"100","author":"Loke","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201141421","article-title":"Programmed death ligand 1 is over-expressed by neutrophils in the blood of patients with active tuberculosis","volume":"41","author":"McNab","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2006.05.007","article-title":"PDL1 is induced in hepatocytes by viral infection and by interferon-alpha and -gamma and mediates T cell apoptosis","volume":"45","author":"Muhlbauer","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e73873","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0073873","article-title":"Association of pro-inflammatory cytokines and iron regulatory protein 2 (IRP2) with Leishmania burden in canine visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"8","author":"Nascimento","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.01.044","article-title":"Relationship between dog culling and incidence of human visceral leishmaniasis in an endemic area","volume":"170","author":"Nunes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1590\/S1984-29612008000100002","article-title":"A study of cross-reactivity in serum samples from dogs positive for Leishmania sp., Babesia canis and Ehrlichia canis in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect fluorescent antibody test","volume":"17","author":"Oliveira","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rev Bras. Parasitol. Vet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3239","article-title":"The blockade of immune checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy","volume":"12","author":"Pardoll","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17765","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0708767104","article-title":"Programmed death-1 concentration at the immunological synapse is determined by ligand affinity and availability","volume":"104","author":"Pentcheva-Hoang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2014.09.006","article-title":"Alteration of sFAS and sFAS ligand expression during canine visceral leishmaniosis","volume":"205","author":"Perosso","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.1.237-243.1999","article-title":"Compensation for decreased expression of B7 molecules on Leishmania infantum-infected canine macrophages results in restoration of parasite-specific T-cell proliferation and gamma interferon production","volume":"67","author":"Pinelli","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(00)00312-5","article-title":"Infection of a canine macrophage cell line with Leishmania infantum: determination of nitric oxide production and anti-leishmanial activity","volume":"92","author":"Pinelli","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2008.04.010","article-title":"Longitudinal analysis of cytokine gene expression and parasite load in PBMC in Leishmania infantum experimentally infected dogs","volume":"125","author":"Sanchez-Robert","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.2008.01051.x","article-title":"Inflammation and structural changes of splenic lymphoid tissue in visceral leishmaniasis: a study on naturally infected dogs","volume":"30","author":"Santana","year":"2008","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4894","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.63.12.4894-4899.1995","article-title":"Disruption of the murine interleukin-4 gene inhibits disease progression during Leishmania mexicana infection but does not increase control of Leishmania donovani infection","volume":"63","author":"Satoskar","year":"1995","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1443","article-title":"The function of programmed cell death 1 and its ligands in regulating autoimmunity and infection","volume":"8","author":"Sharpe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4862","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.63.12.4862-4867.1995","article-title":"Tumor necrosis fator alpha mediates resistance to Trypanosoma cruzi infection in mice by inducing nitric oxide production in infected gamma interferon-activated macrophages","volume":"63","author":"Silva","year":"1995","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2013.07.012","article-title":"CD95 (FAS) and CD178 (FASL) induce the apoptosis of CD4+ and CD8+ cells isolated from the peripheral blood and spleen of dogs naturally infected with Leishmania spp","volume":"197","author":"Silva","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.05.022","article-title":"Directions for the diagnosis, clinical staging, treatment and prevention of canine leishmaniosis","volume":"165","author":"Solano-Gallego","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1482","article-title":"Upregulation of PD-1 expression on HIV-specific CD8+ T cells leads to reversible immune dysfunction","volume":"12","author":"Trautmann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2014.11.010","article-title":"Transcription of innate immunity genes and cytokine secretion by canine macrophages resistant or susceptible to intracellular survival of Leishmania infantum","volume":"163","author":"Turchetti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2012.04.035","article-title":"Apoptosis, inflammatory response and parasite load in skin of Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi naturally infected dogs: a histomorphometric analysis","volume":"189","author":"Ver\u00e7osa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0230","series-title":"The First WHO Report on Neglected Tropical Disease Working to Overcome the Global Impact of Neglected Tropical Diseases","author":"WHO, World Health Organization","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E2480","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1305394110","article-title":"Strength of PD-1 signaling differentially affects T-cell effector functions","volume":"110","author":"Wei","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.3.1586","article-title":"Blockade of B7. H1 on macrophages supress CD4+ T cell proliferation by augmenting IFN\u03b3-induced nitric oxide prodution","volume":"157","author":"Yamazaki","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/cc9354","article-title":"PDL1 blockade improves survival in experimental sepsis by inhibiting lymphocyte apoptosis and reversing monocyte dysfunction","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Crit. Care"}],"container-title":["Immunobiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0171298516300444?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0171298516300444?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T16:40:14Z","timestamp":1759250414000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0171298516300444"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0171298516300444"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0171-2985"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0171-2985","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"PD-1 function in apoptosis of T lymphocytes in canine visceral leishmaniasis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Immunobiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.03.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}