{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T14:30:54Z","timestamp":1790951454024,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunobiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]],"date-time":"2021-01-21T20:26:31Z","timestamp":1611260791000},"page":"152053","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Immunoinformatics approach for a novel multi-epitope subunit vaccine design against various subtypes of Influenza A virus"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"226","author":[{"given":"Shipra","family":"Sharma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2519-2980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vibha","family":"Kumari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3839-9809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bajarang Vasant","family":"Kumbhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2255-578X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amrita","family":"Mukherjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruchika","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiran","family":"Kondabagil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1093\/protein\/14.8.529","article-title":"Design of the linkers which effectively separate domains of a bifunctional fusion protein","volume":"14","author":"Arai","year":"2001","journal-title":"Protein Eng. Des. Sel."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5816","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2014.08.031","article-title":"Priming by a novel universal influenza vaccine (Multimeric-001)\u2014A gateway for improving immune response in the elderly population","volume":"32","author":"Atsmon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0015","first-page":"5707","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of human NL-defensin-3, a novel human inducible peptide antibiotic","volume":"276","author":"Bartels","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00fc rgen Harder"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7258.424","article-title":"Th1 and Th2 responses: what are they?","volume":"321","author":"Berger","year":"2000","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.295.8.joc60020","article-title":"Adamantane resistance among Influenza A viruses isolated early during the 2005\u20132006 Influenza Season in the United States","volume":"295","author":"Bright","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-7-153","article-title":"Predicting population coverage of T-cell epitope-based diagnostics and vaccines","volume":"7","author":"Bui","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-8-361","article-title":"Development of an epitope conservancy analysis tool to facilitate the design of epitope-based diagnostics and vaccines","volume":"8","author":"Bui","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carter, D.M., Darby, C.A., Lefoley, B.C., Crevar, C.J., Alefantis, T., Oomen, R., Anderson, S.F., Strugnell, T., Cort\u00e9s-Garcia, G., Vogel, T.U., Parrington, M., Kleanthous, H., Ross, T.M., 2016. Design and characterization of a computationally optimized broadly reactive hemagglutinin vaccine for H1N1 influenza viruses. J. Virol. 90, 4720 LP \u2013 4734. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.03152-15.","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.03152-15"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0045","series-title":"Amber 2018","author":"Case","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-14-346","article-title":"Disulfide by Design 2.0: a web-based tool for disulfide engineering in proteins","volume":"14","author":"Craig","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines3010105","article-title":"M2e-based universal Influenza A vaccines","volume":"3","author":"Deng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dimitrov, I., Flower, D.R., Doytchinova, I., 2013. AllerTOP--a server for in silico prediction of allergens. BMC Bioinformatics 14 Suppl 6, S4\u2013S4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2105-14-S6-S4.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-14-S6-S4"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1002\/jmr.893","article-title":"Predicting linear B-cell epitopes using string kernels","volume":"21","author":"El-Manzalawy","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Mol. Recognit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444910007493","article-title":"Features and development of Coot","volume":"66","author":"Emsley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr. D. Biol. Crystallogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.04.047","article-title":"Protection against multiple influenza A subtypes by vaccination with highly conserved nucleoprotein","volume":"23","author":"Epstein","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0080","unstructured":"Freed, E., Martin, M., 2013. Fields virology, Fields Virology. https:\/\/doi.org\/9781451105636."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18631","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0702130104","article-title":"Human -defensin-3 activates professional antigen-presenting cells via Toll-like receptors 1 and 2","volume":"104","author":"Funderburg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gasteiger, E., Hoogland, C., Gattiker, A., Duvaud, S., Wilkins, M.R., Appel, R.D., Bairoch, A., 2005. Protein Analysis Tools on the ExPASy Server. Proteomics Protoc. Handb. Protein Identif. Anal. Tools ExPASy Serv. 571\u2013607. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1385\/1592598900.","DOI":"10.1385\/1-59259-890-0:571"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis232","article-title":"A computationally optimized hemagglutinin virus-like particle vaccine elicits broadly reactive antibodies that protect nonhuman primates from H5N1 infection","volume":"205","author":"Giles","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.01.100","article-title":"A computationally optimized broadly reactive antigen (COBRA) based H5N1 VLP vaccine elicits broadly reactive antibodies in mice and ferrets","volume":"29","author":"Giles","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grohskopf, L.A., Sokolow, L.Z., Broder, K.R., Walter, E.B., Fry, A.M., Jernigan, D.B., 2018. Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices-United States, 2018-19 influenza season. MMWR. Recomm. Rep. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Report. Recomm. Reports 67, 1\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15585\/mmwr.rr6703a1.","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr6703a1"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5571","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M410592200","article-title":"Involvement of Toll-like receptor 3 in the immune response of lung epithelial cells to double-stranded RNA and influenza A virus","volume":"280","author":"Guillot","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2016.12.010","article-title":"Immunoinformatics analysis and in silico designing of a novel multi-epitope peptide vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"48","author":"Hajighahramani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0120","first-page":"260","article-title":"The emergence of the pandemic A\/H1N1 2009 virus and its characteristics","volume":"164","author":"Hamilton","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bull. Mem. Acad. R. Med. Belg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00031-14","article-title":"Characterization of a novel influenza virus strain in cattle and swine: proposal for a new genus in the Orthomyxoviridae family","volume":"5","author":"Hause","year":"2014","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0130","article-title":"Induction of virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes as a basis for the development of broadly protective influenza vaccines","volume":"2011","author":"Hillaire","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2015.02.012","article-title":"Influenza vaccines: challenges and solutions","volume":"17","author":"Houser","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/0263-7855(96)00018-5","article-title":"VMD: visual molecular dynamics","author":"Humphrey","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Mol. Graph."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10366","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01200-09","article-title":"Zanamivir-resistant influenza viruses with a novel neuraminidase mutation","volume":"83","author":"Hurt","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4816","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5816","article-title":"Conserved and host-specific features of influenza virion architecture","volume":"5","author":"Hutchinson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/S1471-4906(01)01975-5","article-title":"Th1- and Th2-cell commitment during infectious disease: asymmetry in divergent pathways","volume":"22","author":"Jankovic","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jeisy-Scott, V., Kim, J.H., Davis, W.G., Cao, W., Katz, J.M., Sambhara, S., 2012. TLR7 Recognition is dispensable for Influenza virus A infection but important for the induction of hemagglutinin-specific antibodies in response to the 2009 pandemic split vaccine in mice. J. Virol. 86, 10988 LP\u201310998. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.01064-12.","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01064-12"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12412","article-title":"The ecology and adaptive evolution of influenza A interspecies transmission","volume":"11","author":"Joseph","year":"2017","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respi. Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2015.06.004","article-title":"HBD-3 induces NK cell activation, IFN-\u03b3 secretion and mDC dependent cytolytic function","volume":"297","author":"Judge","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2012.085","article-title":"Template-based protein structure modeling using the RaptorX web server","volume":"7","author":"K\u00e4llberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd4529","article-title":"Advances in the development of influenza virus vaccines","volume":"14","author":"Krammer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kreijtz, J.H.C.M., de Mutsert, G., van Baalen, C.A., Fouchier, R.A.M., Osterhaus, A.D.M.E., Rimmelzwaan, G.F., 2008. Cross-recognition of avian H5N1 influenza virus by human cytotoxic T-lymphocyte populations directed to human influenza A virus. J. Virol. 82, 5161 LP \u2013 5166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.02694-07.","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02694-07"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/07391102.2019.1577174","article-title":"Exploring the interaction of Peloruside-A with drug resistant \u03b1\u03b2II and \u03b1\u03b2III tubulin isotypes in human ovarian carcinoma using a molecular modeling approach","author":"Kumbhar","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lai, Y., Adhikarakunnathu, S., Bhardwaj, K., Ranjith-Kumar, C.T., Wen, Y., Jordan, J.L., Wu, L.H., Dragnea, B., San Mateo, L., Kao, C.C., 2011. LL37 and cationic peptides enhance TLR3 signaling by viral double-stranded RNAs. PLoS One 6, e26632\u2013e26632. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0026632.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0026632"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-8-424","article-title":"Large-scale validation of methods for cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitope prediction","volume":"8","author":"Larsen","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Le Goffic, R., Balloy, V., Lagranderie, M., Alexopoulou, L., Escriou, N., Flavell, R., Chignard, M., Si-Tahar, M., 2006. Detrimental contribution of the Toll-like receptor (TLR)3 to influenza A virus-induced acute pneumonia. PLoS Pathog. 2, e53\u2013e53. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.0020053.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0020053"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0210","first-page":"3478","article-title":"Memory T cells established by seasonal human influenza A infection cross-react with avian influenza A (H5N1) in healthy individuals","volume":"118","author":"Lee","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Livingston, B., Crimi, C., Newman, M., Higashimoto, Y., Appella, E., Sidney, J., Sette, A., 2002. A rational strategy to design multiepitope immunogens based on multiple Th lymphocyte epitopes. J. Immunol. 168, 5499 LP \u2013 5506. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.168.11.5499.","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.11.5499"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1007\/s00251-004-0647-4","article-title":"Definition of supertypes for HLA molecules using clustering of specificity matrices","volume":"55","author":"Lund","year":"2004","journal-title":"Immunogenetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W509","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkn202","article-title":"NetMHC-3.0: accurate web accessible predictions of human, mouse and monkey MHC class I affinities for peptides of length 8\u201311","volume":"36","author":"Lundegaard","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W229","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkn186","article-title":"FireDock: a web server for fast interaction refinement in molecular docking","volume":"36","author":"Mashiach","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miller, S.M., Cybulski, V., Walsh, L., Livesay, M., Bess, L., Burkhart, D.J., Bazin-Lee, H., Evans, J.T., 2018. Investigation of novel TLR7\/8 ligands in combination with TLR4 ligands as adjuvants to drive cell mediated anti-influenza immunity. J. Immunol. 200, 125.16 LP-125.16.","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.200.Supp.125.16"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2633","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp058291","article-title":"Oseltamivir resistance \u2014 disabling our influenza defenses","volume":"353","author":"Moscona","year":"2005","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Netea, M.G., Van der Meer, J.W.M., Sutmuller, R.P., Adema, G.J., Kullberg, B.-J., 2005. From the Th1\/Th2 paradigm towards a toll-like receptor\/T-helper bias. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49, 3991 LP \u2013 3996. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AAC.49.10.3991-3996.2005.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.10.3991-3996.2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2014.01.018","article-title":"A novel multi-epitope peptide vaccine against cancer: an in silico approach","volume":"349","author":"Nezafat","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Theor. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.20084","article-title":"UCSF Chimera - A visualization system for exploratory research and analysis","author":"Pettersen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Comput. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msp077","article-title":"FastTree: computing large minimum evolution trees with profiles instead of a distance matrix","volume":"26","author":"Price","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0265","first-page":"23","article-title":"Innate immune sensing and response to influenza","volume":"386","author":"Pulendran","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W363","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gki481","article-title":"PatchDock and SymmDock: servers for rigid and symmetric docking","volume":"33","author":"Schneidman-Duhovny","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/15.3.1281","article-title":"The codon Adaptation Index\u2013a measure of directional synonymous codon usage bias, and its potential applications","volume":"15","author":"Sharp","year":"1987","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2016.1229719","article-title":"Recent advancements in combination subunit vaccine development","volume":"13","author":"Tan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum. Vaccin. Immunother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1177\/00333549101250S305","article-title":"Influenza: the once and future pandemic","volume":"125","author":"Taubenberger","year":"2010","journal-title":"Public Health Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.20291","article-title":"GROMACS: fast, flexible, and free","author":"Van Der Spoel","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Comput. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines4020012","article-title":"Recent advances in subunit vaccine carriers","volume":"4","author":"Vartak","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S266","DOI":"10.1086\/313883","article-title":"Improving vaccine performance with adjuvants","volume":"30","author":"Vogel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1000048","article-title":"A Systematic assessment of MHC class II peptide binding predictions and evaluation of a consensus approach","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLOS Comput. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2439","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2016.3636","article-title":"Computational approach for predicting the conserved B-cell epitopes of hemagglutinin H7 subtype influenza virus","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky427","article-title":"SWISS-MODEL: homology modelling of protein structures and complexes","author":"Waterhouse","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Webb, B., Sali, A., 2017. Protein structure modeling with MODELLER, in: Methods in Molecular Biology. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4939-7231-9_4.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7231-9_4"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E2046","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1305227110","article-title":"Comprehensive analysis of dengue virus-specific responses supports an HLA-linked protective role for CD8+ T cells","volume":"110","author":"Weiskopf","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W407","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkm290","article-title":"ProSA-web: interactive web service for the recognition of errors in three-dimensional structures of proteins","volume":"35","author":"Wiederstein","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.01.031","article-title":"An ingenious design for peptide vaccines","volume":"23","author":"Yano","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.82.6.1785","article-title":"Influenza A virus nucleoprotein is a major target antigen for cross-reactive anti-influenza A virus cytotoxic T lymphocytes","volume":"82","author":"Yewdell","year":"1985","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4846","DOI":"10.1038\/srep04846","article-title":"Determination of original infection source of H7N9 avian influenza by dynamical model","volume":"4","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-013-0546-4","article-title":"Development of universal influenza vaccines based on influenza virus M and NP genes","volume":"42","author":"Zheng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Infection"}],"container-title":["Immunobiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0171298521000012?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0171298521000012?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T16:46:50Z","timestamp":1759250810000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0171298521000012"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0171298521000012"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053","relation":{},"ISSN":["0171-2985"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0171-2985","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Immunoinformatics approach for a novel multi-epitope subunit vaccine design against various subtypes of Influenza A virus","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Immunobiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.imbio.2021.152053","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"152053"}}