{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T18:23:05Z","timestamp":1786990985866,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Ministry of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5M-2019\\u201323680417"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5M-2019\\u201323680417"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021856","name":"Ministero dell'Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["100007\\u20132021-PC-altri-EP-N_FISR2020COVID"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["100007\\u20132021-PC-altri-EP-N_FISR2020COVID"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021856","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunology Letters"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T20:34:42Z","timestamp":1751661282000},"page":"107058","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Splenomegaly in CVID patients associates with CMV replication and alterations of immune cells and functions"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"276","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0614-2950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Marri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Contini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Ivaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1214-5058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Schiavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3093-0375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ottavia","family":"Magnani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Vassallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Guastalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noemi","family":"Traversone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Deraco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Angelini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7272-7776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Genny","family":"Del Zotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9070-8878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raffaele","family":"De Palma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"De Maria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2000.01131.x","article-title":"Selective IgA deficiency (SIgAD) and common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)","volume":"120","author":"Hammarstr\u00f6m","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.12.1077","article-title":"European Society for Immunodeficiencies Registry Working Party, clinical picture and treatment of 2212 patients with common variable immunodeficiency","volume":"134","author":"Gathmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-09-377945","article-title":"Morbidity and mortality in common variable immune deficiency over 4 decades","volume":"119","author":"Resnick","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-007-9075-1","article-title":"Italian Primary Immunodeficiency Network, long-term follow-up and outcome of a large cohort of patients with common variable immunodeficiency","volume":"27","author":"Quinti","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0005","first-page":"31","article-title":"Primary hypogammaglobulinaemia: a survey of clinical manifestations and complications","volume":"86","author":"Hermaszewski","year":"1993","journal-title":"Q. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1006\/clim.1999.4725","article-title":"Common variable immunodeficiency: clinical and immunological features of 248 patients","volume":"92","author":"Cunningham-Rundles","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-11-124545","article-title":"Common variable immunodeficiency disorders: division into distinct clinical phenotypes","volume":"112","author":"Chapel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-06-091744","article-title":"The EUROclass trial: defining subgroups in common variable immunodeficiency","volume":"111","author":"Wehr","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00149","article-title":"Non-infectious complications of common variable immunodeficiency: updated clinical spectrum, sequelae, and insights to pathogenesis","volume":"11","author":"Ho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01740","article-title":"Common variable immunodeficiency non-infectious disease endotypes redefined using unbiased network clustering in large electronic datasets","volume":"8","author":"Farmer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-023-01648-8","article-title":"Influence of splenomegaly and splenectomy on the immune cell profile of patients with common Variable Immunodeficiency disease","volume":"44","author":"Viallard","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2010.10.002","article-title":"Autoimmunity in common variable immunodeficiency: correlation with lymphocyte phenotype in the French DEFI study","volume":"36","author":"Boileau","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-021-01084-6","article-title":"Chronically activated T-cells retain their inflammatory properties in common variable immunodeficiency","volume":"41","author":"Berbers","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12039","article-title":"Outcomes of splenectomy in patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID): a survey of 45 patients","volume":"172","author":"Wong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2015.07.025","article-title":"International Consensus Document (ICON): common Variable Immunodeficiency Disorders","volume":"4","author":"Bonilla","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-024-01744-3","article-title":"Evaluation of frequency of CMV replication and disease complications reveals new cellular defects and a time dependent pattern in CVID patients","volume":"44","author":"Marri","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2019.02.004","article-title":"ESID Registry Working Party and collaborators, The European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID) Registry Working Definitions for the Clinical Diagnosis of Inborn Errors of Immunity","volume":"7","author":"Seidel","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0018","unstructured":"J. Chapman, A. Goyal, A.M. Azevedo, Splenomegaly (2023). PMID: 28613657."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0019","unstructured":"The Jamovi project, Jamovi, (2022)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.12.062","article-title":"Splenomegaly is a useful screening tool for secondary complications in patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)","volume":"127","author":"Chase","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-198503000-00003","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus infection in the normal host","volume":"64","author":"COHEN","year":"1985","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199202000-00007","article-title":"Symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection: neonatal morbidity and mortality","volume":"11","author":"Boppana","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S178","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit629","article-title":"Congenital cytomegalovirus infection: clinical outcome","volume":"57 Suppl 4","author":"Boppana","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2013.10.022","article-title":"Spontaneous splenic rupture and multiple lung embolisms due to cytomegalovirus infection: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"21","author":"Vidarsdottir","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.07.003","article-title":"Combined decrease of defined B and T cell subsets in a group of common variable immunodeficiency patients","volume":"121","author":"Moratto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13451","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0901984106","article-title":"Circulating CD21 low B cells in common variable immunodeficiency resemble tissue homing, innate-like B cells","volume":"106","author":"Rakhmanov","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1078\/0171-2985-00198","article-title":"Expansion of CD19CD21 B cells in common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) patients with autoimmune cytopenia","volume":"206","author":"WARNATZ","year":"2002","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7305","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1000434","article-title":"B cell receptor-mediated calcium signaling is impaired in B lymphocytes of type ia patients with common variable immunodeficiency","volume":"184","author":"Foerster","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8109","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms9109","article-title":"Emergency exit\u201d of bone-marrow-resident CD34(+)DNAM-1(bright)CXCR4(+)-committed lymphoid precursors during chronic infection and inflammation","volume":"6","author":"Bozzano","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2020.12.648","article-title":"HCMV-controlling NKG2C+ NK cells originate from novel circulating inflammatory precursors","volume":"147","author":"Bozzano","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000797","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus in primary immunodeficiency","volume":"34","author":"Godsell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2016.02.025","article-title":"DEFI study group, low circulating natural killer cell counts are associated with severe disease in patients with common variable immunodeficiency","volume":"6","author":"Ebbo","year":"2016","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10153356","article-title":"Patients with common variable immunodeficiency complicated by autoimmune phenomena have lymphopenia and reduced treg, Th17, and NK cells","volume":"10","author":"Wi\u0119sik-Szewczyk","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8140","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.17.8140-8150.2000","article-title":"Functional heterogeneity and high frequencies of cytomegalovirus-specific CD8(+) T lymphocytes in healthy seropositive donors","volume":"74","author":"Gillespie","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20050882","article-title":"Broadly targeted human cytomegalovirus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells dominate the memory compartments of exposed subjects","volume":"202","author":"Sylwester","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2022.101706","article-title":"Adaptive NK cell response to human cytomegalovirus: facts and open issues","volume":"65","author":"L\u00f3pez-Botet","year":"2023","journal-title":"Semin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3664","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-05-2058","article-title":"Imprint of human cytomegalovirus infection on the NK cell receptor repertoire","volume":"104","author":"Gum\u00e1","year":"2004","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-05-157354","article-title":"Human NK cells can control CMV infection in the absence of T cells","volume":"112","author":"Kuijpers","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"}],"container-title":["Immunology Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165247825000914?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165247825000914?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T11:15:21Z","timestamp":1778670921000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165247825000914"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["S0165247825000914"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-2478"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-2478","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Splenomegaly in CVID patients associates with CMV replication and alterations of immune cells and functions","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Immunology Letters","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.107058","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of European Federation of Immunological Societies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107058"}}