{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,12]],"date-time":"2026-11-12T23:19:43Z","timestamp":1794525583316,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":134,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI152443"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI152443"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30CA01635"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA01635"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["S10OD026996"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S10OD026996"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32GM136651"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32GM136651"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AR074545"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AR074545"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R37AR40072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R37AR40072"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002193","name":"Lupus Foundation of America Inc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002193","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016423","name":"Cook Family Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54AG076043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54AG076043"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012051","name":"Lupus Research Alliance Inc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012051","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T15:03:52Z","timestamp":1776697432000},"page":"1667-1687.e15","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Organ injury in systemic autoimmunity is mediated by stem-like CD8+ T cells arising from tissue-draining lymph nodes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2345-2803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jafar","family":"Al Souz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yulong","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Can","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rihao","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Young","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven J.","family":"Moioffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Barrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Chernova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manvitha","family":"Nadella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily R.","family":"Siniscalco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilbert","family":"Moeckel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikhil S.","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping-Min","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnon","family":"Arazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Anolik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Apruzzese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnon","family":"Arazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Barnas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Belmont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celine","family":"Berthier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael B.","family":"Brenner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jill","family":"Buyon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phillip","family":"Carlucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Clancy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean","family":"Connery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Dall\u2019Era","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Davidson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wade","family":"DeJager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Deonaraine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Betty","family":"Diamond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick J.","family":"Dunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Eisenhaure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Fava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Goff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatrice","family":"Goilav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Grossman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel","family":"Guthridge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nir","family":"Hacohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Hildeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffery","family":"Hodgin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Hoover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuyoshi","family":"Ishigaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariko","family":"Ishimori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Izmirly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"James","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tony","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Kalunian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diane L.","family":"Kamen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilya","family":"Korsunsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Kretzler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manjunath","family":"Kustagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Lederer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Lieb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Macwana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holden","family":"Maecker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maureen","family":"McMahon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Mears","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raji","family":"Menon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nghia","family":"Millard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavel","family":"Morozov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aparna","family":"Nathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernanda","family":"Payan-Schober","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Petri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaim","family":"Putterman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepak A.","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soumya","family":"Raychaudhuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bill","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saori","family":"Sakaue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hemant","family":"Suryawanshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Tuschl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.J.","family":"Utz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Weinand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Weisman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Wofsy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Woodle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya-Chi","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1368-6756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph","family":"Craft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0141-9","article-title":"Lupus nephritis","volume":"6","author":"Anders","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2005.11.034","article-title":"Long-term prognosis and causes of death in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"119","author":"Doria","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.56.7.481","article-title":"Pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"56","author":"Mok","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2013010026","article-title":"The pathogenesis of lupus nephritis","volume":"24","author":"Lech","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021933","article-title":"Development of autoantibodies before the clinical onset of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"349","author":"Arbuckle","year":"2003","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2410965","article-title":"Efficacy and Safety of Obinutuzumab in Active Lupus Nephritis","volume":"392","author":"Furie","year":"2025","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20441","article-title":"Predicting outcomes of lupus nephritis with tubulointerstitial inflammation and scarring","volume":"63","author":"Hsieh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2061","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-019-04369-7","article-title":"Renal flare in class V lupus nephritis: increased risk in patients with tubulointerstitial lesions","volume":"39","author":"Kwon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rheumatol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2097","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200109)44:9<2097::AID-ART360>3.0.CO;2-6","article-title":"Predominance of Th1 immune response in diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis","volume":"44","author":"Masutani","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001180","article-title":"Two-Year, Randomized, Controlled Trial of Belimumab in Lupus Nephritis","volume":"383","author":"Furie","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI155350","article-title":"Specific in situ inflammatory states associate with progression to renal failure in lupus nephritis","volume":"132","author":"Abraham","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneph.2024.1417026","article-title":"Evidence based treatment for lupus nephritis: present perspectives and challenges","volume":"4","author":"Xagas","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2362","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22654","article-title":"Predominance of CD8+ T lymphocytes among periglomerular infiltrating cells and link to the prognosis of class III and class IV lupus nephritis","volume":"56","author":"Couzi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.4049\/immunohorizons.1700028","article-title":"A Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Endophenotype Characterized by Increased CD8 Cytotoxic Signature Associates with Renal Involvement","volume":"1","author":"Manjarrez-Ordu\u00f1o","year":"2017","journal-title":"ImmunoHorizons"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2021.107877","article-title":"Association between tubulointerstitial CD8+T cells and renal prognosis in lupus nephritis","volume":"99","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20745","article-title":"Increase in activated CD8+ T lymphocytes expressing perforin and granzyme B correlates with disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"52","author":"Blanco","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI181034","article-title":"Blood immunophenotyping identifies distinct kidney histopathology and outcomes in patients with lupus nephritis","author":"Horisberger","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aay1620","article-title":"Kidney tissue hypoxia dictates T cell-mediated injury in murine lupus nephritis","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.166076","article-title":"HIF-1 regulates pathogenic cytotoxic T cells in lupus skin disease","volume":"8","author":"Little","year":"2023","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2007.11.007","article-title":"Lymphatic drainage function and its immunological implications: from dendritic cell homing to vaccine design","volume":"20","author":"Swartz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Semin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-020-0272-y","article-title":"Kidney dendritic cells: fundamental biology and functional roles in health and disease","volume":"16","author":"Kurts","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.2.706","article-title":"The kidney-renal lymph node-system contributes to cross-tolerance against innocuous circulating antigen","volume":"180","author":"Lukacs-Kornek","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2011.03.020","article-title":"Protective capacity of memory CD8+ T cells is dictated by antigen exposure history and nature of the infection","volume":"34","author":"Nolz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2035","article-title":"T cell exhaustion","volume":"12","author":"Wherry","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1038\/nature19330","article-title":"Defining CD8+ T cells that provide the proliferative burst after PD-1 therapy","volume":"537","author":"Im","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.12.021","article-title":"Intratumoral Tcf1+PD-1+CD8+ T Cells with Stem-Like Properties Promote Tumor Control in Response to Vaccination and Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapy","volume":"50","author":"Siddiqui","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.add5976","article-title":"Chronic antigen in solid tumors drives a distinct program of T cell residence","volume":"8","author":"Gavil","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1614","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-022-01337-5","article-title":"Divergent clonal differentiation trajectories of T cell exhaustion","volume":"23","author":"Daniel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2022.05.003","article-title":"BCL6-dependent TCF-1+ progenitor cells maintain effector and helper CD4+ T cell responses to persistent antigen","volume":"55","author":"Xia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.11.002","article-title":"Proliferating Transitory T Cells with an Effector-Like Transcriptional Signature Emerge from PD-1+ Stem-Like CD8+ T Cells during Chronic Infection","volume":"51","author":"Hudson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abg7836","article-title":"A reservoir of stem-like CD8(+) T cells in the tumor-draining lymph node preserves the ongoing antitumor immune response","volume":"6","author":"Connolly","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.03280807","article-title":"Value of a complete or partial remission in severe lupus nephritis","volume":"3","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/lupus-2023-000932","article-title":"Remission of lupus nephritis: the trajectory of histological response in successfully treated patients","volume":"10","author":"Malvar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lupus Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.05.001","article-title":"Lag-3, Tim-3, and TIGIT: Co-inhibitory Receptors with Specialized Functions in Immune Regulation","volume":"44","author":"Anderson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.13218","article-title":"Insights into phenotypic and functional CD8(+) T(RM) heterogeneity","volume":"316","author":"Heeg","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(83)90120-4","article-title":"Effects of castration and sex hormones on immune clearance and autoimmune disease in MRL\/Mp-lpr\/lpr and MRL\/Mp-+\/+ mice","volume":"26","author":"Shear","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14733","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1009731107","article-title":"Cooperation of Tim-3 and PD-1 in CD8 T-cell exhaustion during chronic viral infection","volume":"107","author":"Jin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2187","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20100643","article-title":"Targeting Tim-3 and PD-1 pathways to reverse T cell exhaustion and restore anti-tumor immunity","volume":"207","author":"Sakuishi","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4501","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-10-310425","article-title":"Coexpression of Tim-3 and PD-1 identifies a CD8+ T-cell exhaustion phenotype in mice with disseminated acute myelogenous leukemia","volume":"117","author":"Zhou","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20100637","article-title":"Upregulation of Tim-3 and PD-1 expression is associated with tumor antigen-specific CD8+ T cell dysfunction in melanoma patients","volume":"207","author":"Fourcade","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib41","article-title":"CD103+CD8+ TRM Cells Accumulate in Tumors of Anti-PD-1-Responder Lung Cancer Patients and Are Tumor-Reactive Lymphocytes Enriched with Tc17","volume":"1","author":"Corgnac","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Rep. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2859","article-title":"The dynamics and regulators of cell fate decisions are revealed by pseudotemporal ordering of single cells","volume":"32","author":"Trapnell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2202\/1544-6115.1128","article-title":"A general framework for weighted gene co-expression network analysis","volume":"4","author":"Zhang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Stat. Appl. Genet. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-0985-x","article-title":"NR4A transcription factors limit CAR T cell function in solid tumours","volume":"567","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12410","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1905675116","article-title":"TOX and TOX2 transcription factors cooperate with NR4A transcription factors to impose CD8(+) T cell exhaustion","volume":"116","author":"Seo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3773","article-title":"The transcription factor Runx3 guards cytotoxic CD8+ effector T cells against deviation towards follicular helper T cell lineage","volume":"18","author":"Shan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.03.028","article-title":"The Transcription Factor Runx3 Establishes Chromatin Accessibility of cis-Regulatory Landscapes that Drive Memory Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Formation","volume":"48","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1038\/nature24993","article-title":"Runx3 programs CD8+ T cell residency in non-lymphoid tissues and tumours","volume":"552","author":"Milner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2018.10.003","article-title":"Bystander T Cells: A Balancing Act of Friends and Foes","volume":"39","author":"Whiteside","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20110308","article-title":"T cell receptor signal strength in Treg and iNKT cell development demonstrated by a novel fluorescent reporter mouse","volume":"208","author":"Moran","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1601301","article-title":"Endogenous Nur77 Is a Specific Indicator of Antigen Receptor Signaling in Human T and B Cells","volume":"198","author":"Ashouri","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.184.3.1149","article-title":"A tumor-suppressor function for Fas (CD95) revealed in T cell-deficient mice","volume":"184","author":"Peng","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02786492","article-title":"Autoreactive T cells in murine lupus: origins and roles in autoantibody production","volume":"19","author":"Craft","year":"1999","journal-title":"Immunol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21182","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1118450109","article-title":"Antigen-specific CD4 T-cell help rescues exhausted CD8 T cells during chronic viral infection","volume":"108","author":"Aubert","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.109696","article-title":"CD4 T cell help prevents CD8 T cell exhaustion and promotes control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection","volume":"36","author":"Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.10.009","article-title":"CD4+ T Cell Help Is Required for the Formation of a Cytolytic CD8+ T Cell Subset That Protects against Chronic Infection and Cancer","volume":"51","author":"Zander","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.11.007","article-title":"Neoantigen-driven B cell and CD4 T follicular helper cell collaboration promotes anti-tumor CD8 T cell responses","volume":"184","author":"Cui","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2205","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.188.12.2205","article-title":"Viral immune evasion due to persistence of activated T cells without effector function","volume":"188","author":"Zajac","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-023-01782-z","article-title":"Comparative analysis of cell-cell communication at single-cell resolution","volume":"42","author":"Wilk","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1072615","article-title":"A role for CD40 expression on CD8+ T cells in the generation of CD8+ T cell memory","volume":"297","author":"Bourgeois","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12865-023-00547-2","article-title":"CD40 ligand stimulation affects the number and memory phenotypes of human peripheral CD8+ T cells","volume":"24","author":"Choi","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.190.9.1275","article-title":"A critical role for CD40-CD40 ligand interactions in amplification of the mucosal CD8 T cell response","volume":"190","author":"Lefran\u00e7ois","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.177.3.845","article-title":"Functional expression of B7\/BB1 on activated T lymphocytes","volume":"177","author":"Azuma","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(99)70139-9","article-title":"CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2) antigens on house dust mite-specific T cells in atopic disease function through T-T cell interactions","volume":"104","author":"Nakada","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.08.003","article-title":"Homotypic T-cell\/T-cell interaction induces T-cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation","volume":"70","author":"Ramming","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830230919","article-title":"The B7 adhesion molecule is expressed on activated human T cells: functional involvement in T-T cell interactions","volume":"23","author":"Wyss-Coray","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V971194","article-title":"Interleukin-15, a leukocyte activator and growth factor, is produced by cortical tubular epithelial cells","volume":"9","author":"Weiler","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1814642116","article-title":"IL-15 is a component of the inflammatory milieu in the tumor microenvironment promoting antitumor responses","volume":"116","author":"Santana Carrero","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0667-5","article-title":"NicheNet: modeling intercellular communication by linking ligands to target genes","volume":"17","author":"Browaeys","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-010-0818-0","article-title":"Combination of IL-21 and IL-15 enhances tumour-specific cytotoxicity and cytokine production of TCR-transduced primary T cells","volume":"59","author":"Pouw","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Immunother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20041057","article-title":"Synergy of IL-21 and IL-15 in regulating CD8+ T cell expansion and function","volume":"201","author":"Zeng","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2020.10.014","article-title":"Type I interferon in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"67","author":"Postal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6831","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0900742","article-title":"Type I interferons produced by resident renal cells may promote end-organ disease in autoantibody-mediated glomerulonephritis","volume":"183","author":"Fairhurst","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-019-0386-1","article-title":"Tubular cell and keratinocyte single-cell transcriptomics applied to lupus nephritis reveal type I IFN and fibrosis relevant pathways","volume":"20","author":"Der","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aam7710","article-title":"Antibody blockade of IL-15 signaling has the potential to durably reverse vitiligo","volume":"10","author":"Richmond","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.add8454","article-title":"Tissue-resident memory T cell maintenance during antigen persistence requires both cognate antigen and interleukin-15","volume":"8","author":"Tieu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3181","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830231221","article-title":"Selection of internalization-deficient cells by interleukin-2-Pseudomonas exotoxin chimeric protein: the cytoplasmic domain of the interleukin-2 receptor beta chain does not contribute to internalization of interleukin-2","volume":"23","author":"Furse","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2608","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200526122","article-title":"Differential expression of human granzymes A, B, and K in natural killer cells and during CD8+ T cell differentiation in peripheral blood","volume":"35","author":"Bratke","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2017.03.009","article-title":"Deep immune profiling by mass cytometry links human T and NK cell differentiation and cytotoxic molecule expression patterns","volume":"453","author":"Bengsch","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-021-01066-4","article-title":"Co-varying neighborhood analysis identifies cell populations associated with phenotypes of interest from single-cell transcriptomics","volume":"40","author":"Reshef","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2016.05.017","article-title":"A pathophysiology-based approach to the diagnosis and treatment of lupus nephritis","volume":"90","author":"Anders","year":"2016","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib82","first-page":"2822","article-title":"Serial renal biopsy in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"27","author":"Bajaj","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.07.021","article-title":"T Cell Factor 1-Expressing Memory-like CD8(+) T Cells Sustain the Immune Response to Chronic Viral Infections","volume":"45","author":"Utzschneider","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1990","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2100362","article-title":"Self-Renewing Islet TCF1(+) CD8 T Cells Undergo IL-27-Controlled Differentiation to Become TCF1(-) Terminal Effectors during the Progression of Type 1 Diabetes","volume":"207","author":"Ciecko","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-04248-x","article-title":"An autoimmune stem-like CD8 T cell population drives type 1 diabetes","volume":"602","author":"Gearty","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2024.09.016","article-title":"Autoimmune CD4+ T cells fine-tune TCF1 expression to maintain function and survive persistent antigen exposure during diabetes","volume":"57","author":"Aljobaily","year":"2024","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.11.018","article-title":"Stem-like intestinal Th17 cells give rise to pathogenic effector T cells during autoimmunity","volume":"184","author":"Schnell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4884","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI120859","article-title":"Kidney-infiltrating T cells in murine lupus nephritis are metabolically and functionally exhausted","volume":"128","author":"Tilstra","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2022.12.002","article-title":"CD8+ T cell activation in cancer comprises an initial activation phase in lymph nodes followed by effector differentiation within the tumor","volume":"56","author":"Prokhnevska","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003054","article-title":"The initial draining lymph node primes the bulk of the CD8 T cell response and influences memory T cell trafficking after a systemic viral infection","volume":"8","author":"Olson","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-08713-9","article-title":"Granzyme K activates the entire complement cascade","volume":"641","author":"Donado","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2300083","article-title":"Human Granzyme K Is a Feature of Innate T Cells in Blood, Tissues, and Tumors, Responding to Cytokines Rather than TCR Stimulation","volume":"211","author":"Duquette","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abo0686","article-title":"Granzyme K(+) CD8 T cells form a core population in inflamed human tissue","volume":"14","author":"Jonsson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3528","article-title":"Mechanisms of tissue injury in lupus nephritis","volume":"13","author":"Nowling","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.156048","article-title":"Heterogeneity and clonality of kidney-infiltrating T cells in murine lupus nephritis","volume":"7","author":"Smita","year":"2022","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.23.021704.115825","article-title":"Cooperation between CD4+ and CD8+ T cells: when, where, and how","volume":"24","author":"Castellino","year":"2006","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2115","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.4.2115","article-title":"Role of direct effects of IFN-gamma on T cells in the regulation of CD8 T cell homeostasis","volume":"179","author":"Tewari","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.2.900","article-title":"IL-21 enhances and sustains CD8+ T cell responses to achieve durable tumor immunity: comparative evaluation of IL-2, IL-15, and IL-21","volume":"173","author":"Moroz","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-021-00940-2","article-title":"Metabolic reprogramming of terminally exhausted CD8+ T cells by IL-10 enhances anti-tumor immunity","volume":"22","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1117092","article-title":"IL-15 promotes self-renewal of progenitor exhausted CD8 T cells during persistent antigenic stimulation","volume":"14","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4119","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1100885","article-title":"B cell-derived IL-15 enhances CD8 T cell cytotoxicity and is increased in multiple sclerosis patients","volume":"187","author":"Schneider","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4049","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.09.020","article-title":"The primordial differentiation of tumor-specific memory CD8+ T cells as bona fide responders to PD-1\/PD-L1 blockade in draining lymph nodes","volume":"185","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2130","article-title":"A CD8+ T cell transcription signature predicts prognosis in autoimmune disease","volume":"16","author":"McKinney","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2124","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-02017-5","article-title":"Anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy for refractory systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"28","author":"Mackensen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2893","DOI":"10.2337\/db12-0006","article-title":"B-cell cross-presentation of autologous antigen precipitates diabetes","volume":"61","author":"Mari\u00f1o","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200737758","article-title":"Simultaneous presentation and cross-presentation of immune-stimulating complex-associated cognate antigen by antigen-specific B cells","volume":"38","author":"Robson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20241873","article-title":"A human-mouse atlas of intrarenal myeloid cells identifies conserved disease-associated macrophages in lupus nephritis","volume":"222","author":"Hoover","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib108","article-title":"Deep profiling of lupus nephritis kidneys reveals dynamic changes in myeloid cells associated with disease progression","author":"Hoover","year":"2025","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2004.00443.x","article-title":"The classification of glomerulonephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus revisited","volume":"65","author":"Weening","year":"2004","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2702","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1201682","article-title":"Cutting edge: intravascular staining redefines lung CD8 T cell responses","volume":"189","author":"Anderson","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.04.048","article-title":"Integrated analysis of multimodal single-cell data","volume":"184","author":"Hao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1888","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.05.031","article-title":"Comprehensive Integration of Single-Cell Data","volume":"177","author":"Stuart","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.73600.1","article-title":"Doublet identification in single-cell sequencing data using scDblFinder","volume":"10","author":"Germain","year":"2021","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2008-9-9-r137","article-title":"Model-based analysis of ChIP-Seq (MACS)","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-021-01282-5","article-title":"Single-cell chromatin state analysis with Signac","volume":"18","author":"Stuart","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4401","article-title":"chromVAR: inferring transcription-factor-associated accessibility from single-cell epigenomic data","volume":"14","author":"Schep","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D165","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkab1113","article-title":"JASPAR 2022: the 9th release of the open-access database of transcription factor binding profiles","volume":"50","author":"Castro-Mondragon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0619-0","article-title":"Fast, sensitive and accurate integration of single-cell data with Harmony","volume":"16","author":"Korsunsky","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib119","article-title":"UMAP: Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection for Dimension Reduction","author":"McInnes","year":"2018","journal-title":"arXiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/gigascience\/giy083","article-title":"Clustering trees: a visualization for evaluating clusterings at multiple resolutions","volume":"7","author":"Zappia","year":"2018","journal-title":"GigaScience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib121","article-title":"Fast gene set enrichment analysis","author":"Korotkevich","year":"2019","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15545","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506580102","article-title":"Gene set enrichment analysis: a knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles","volume":"102","author":"Subramanian","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btr260","article-title":"Molecular signatures database (MSigDB) 3.0","volume":"27","author":"Liberzon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib124","author":"Dolgalev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0799-2","article-title":"Integrated single-cell analysis of multicellular immune dynamics during hyperacute HIV-1 infection","volume":"26","author":"Kazer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-9-559","article-title":"WGCNA: an R package for weighted correlation network analysis","volume":"9","author":"Langfelder","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Bioinform."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib127","article-title":"Functional inference of gene regulation using single-cell multi-omics","volume":"2","author":"Kartha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Genom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0367-1","article-title":"cisTopic: cis-regulatory topic modeling on single-cell ATAC-seq data","volume":"16","author":"Bravo Gonz\u00e1lez-Blas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0657-7","article-title":"Localization microscopy at doubled precision with patterned illumination","volume":"17","author":"Cnossen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.15252\/msb.20209923","article-title":"Integrated intra- and intercellular signaling knowledge for multicellular omics analysis","volume":"17","author":"T\u00fcrei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Syst. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.22139.1","article-title":"scRepertoire: An R-based toolkit for single-cell immune receptor analysis","volume":"9","author":"Borcherding","year":"2020","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib132","series-title":"Intrarenal Myeloid Subsets Associated with Kidney Injury Are Comparable in Mice and Patients with Lupus Nephritis","author":"Hoover","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cels.2018.11.005","article-title":"Scrublet: Computational Identification of Cell Doublets in Single-Cell Transcriptomic Data","volume":"8","author":"Wolock","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-024-02186-3","article-title":"Gene trajectory inference for single-cell data by optimal transport metrics","volume":"43","author":"Qu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."}],"container-title":["Immunity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1074761326001330?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1074761326001330?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T14:09:08Z","timestamp":1783174148000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1074761326001330"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":134,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S1074761326001330"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022","relation":{},"ISSN":["1074-7613"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1074-7613","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Organ injury in systemic autoimmunity is mediated by stem-like CD8+ T cells arising from tissue-draining lymph nodes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Immunity","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2026.03.022","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}