{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T15:41:54Z","timestamp":1792424514955,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]],"date-time":"2006-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Injury"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,21]],"date-time":"2005-04-21T07:40:57Z","timestamp":1114069257000},"page":"1-19","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":167,"title":["Emergency thoracotomy in thoracic trauma\u2014a review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"P.A.","family":"Hunt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Greaves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.A.","family":"Owens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American College of Surgeons\u2014Committee on Trauma (Working Group, Ad Hoc Subcommittee on Outcomes). Practice management guidelines for emergency department thoracotomy. J Am Coll Surg 2001;193(3):303\u20139.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1072-7515(01)00999-1"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/S1072-7515(97)00144-0","article-title":"Penetrating cardiac injuries: a prospective study of variables predicting outcomes","volume":"186","author":"Asensio","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib3","first-page":"78","article-title":"Emergency thoracotomy for blunt thoracic trauma","volume":"8","author":"Balkan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01655882","article-title":"Emergency department thoracotomy following injury: critical determinants for patient salvage","volume":"12","author":"Baxter","year":"1988","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-196707000-00005","article-title":"Surgical management of penetrating cardiovascular trauma","volume":"60","author":"Beall","year":"1967","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(66)90105-X","article-title":"Surgical management of penetrating cardiac injuries","volume":"112","author":"Beall","year":"1966","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(87)80007-6","article-title":"Efficacy of emergency room thoracotomy in paediatric trauma","volume":"22","author":"Beaver","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Paediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib8","first-page":"3","article-title":"Historical note","volume":"vol. 1","author":"Berry","year":"1963"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib9","series-title":"Trauma","first-page":"245","article-title":"Emergency department thoracotomy","author":"Biffl","year":"2000"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib10","first-page":"329","article-title":"Survival after emergency department versus operating room thoracotomy for penetrating cardiac injuries","volume":"58","author":"Blake","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(95)00179-4","article-title":"Review of emergency thoracotomy for chest injuries in patients attending a UK Accident and Emergency Department","volume":"27","author":"Bleetman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198206000-00008","article-title":"The role of emergency thoracotomy in blunt trauma","volume":"22","author":"Bodai","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.249.14.1891","article-title":"Emergency thoracotomy in the management of trauma: a review","volume":"249","author":"Bodai","year":"1983","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib14","series-title":"Manual of definitive surgical trauma care","first-page":"86","article-title":"The chest","author":"Boffard","year":"2003"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200212000-00017","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of the sensitivity of physical examination in chest trauma","volume":"53","author":"Bokhari","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200108000-00015","article-title":"The routine use of sonography in penetrating torso injury is beneficial","volume":"51","author":"Boulanger","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199211000-00021","article-title":"Emergency room resuscitative thoracotomy: when is it indicated?","volume":"33","author":"Boyd","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.1995.tb03245.x","article-title":"Urban trauma transport of assaulted patients using non-medical personnel","volume":"2","author":"Branas","year":"1995","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-9572(91)90069-B","article-title":"Patient selection in emergency thoracotomy","volume":"22","author":"Brautigan","year":"1991","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib20","series-title":"The Edwin Smith surgical papyrus","author":"Breasted","year":"1930"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib21","unstructured":"Brohi K. Emergency Department Thoracotomy. Trauma 2001;6:6 [available at http:\/\/www.trauma.org\/thoracic\/EDTintro.html]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib22","first-page":"530","article-title":"Penetrating chest trauma: should indications for emergency room thoracotomy be limited?","volume":"62","author":"Brown","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.3.2.95","article-title":"Emergency thoracotomy","volume":"3","author":"Champion","year":"1986","journal-title":"Arch Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198804000-00004","article-title":"Resuscitative thoracotomy: the effect of field time on outcome","volume":"28","author":"Clevenger","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200104000-00012","article-title":"Prehospital resuscitative thoracotomy for cardiac arrest after penetrating trauma: rationale and case series","volume":"50","author":"Coats","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib26","first-page":"448","article-title":"Penetrating cardiac wounds: predictive value of trauma indices and the necessity of terminology standardization","volume":"61","author":"Coimbra","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am Surgeon"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198409000-00004","article-title":"Emergency bay thoracotomy","volume":"24","author":"Danne","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-9572(87)90093-1","article-title":"Open chest cardiac massage: an overview","volume":"15","author":"Del Guercio","year":"1987","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199206000-00019","article-title":"Emergency centre thoracotomy: impact of prehospital resuscitation","volume":"32","author":"Durham","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01656315","article-title":"Progress in paediatric trauma","volume":"9","author":"Eichelberger","year":"1985","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199107000-00001","article-title":"Reappraisal of emergency room thoracotomy in a changing environment","volume":"31","author":"Esposito","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib32","first-page":"32","article-title":"Indications, technique and pitfalls of emergency centre thoracotomy","volume":"4","author":"Feliciano","year":"1981","journal-title":"Surg Rounds"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib33","unstructured":"Galen C. De locis affectis (translation Seigel RE). Basel: S Karger 1976;139."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198206000-00001","article-title":"The importance of prompt transport in salvage of patients with penetrating heart wounds","volume":"22","author":"Gervin","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-197908000-00001","article-title":"Accidental injury in childhood: a literature review on paediatric trauma","volume":"19","author":"Gratz","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1177\/000313480206800401","article-title":"Emergency thoracotomy: appropriate use in the resuscitation of trauma patients","volume":"68","author":"Grove","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.249.1.47","article-title":"Paediatric trauma, the no. 1 killer of children","volume":"249","author":"Haller","year":"1983","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(81)80034-7","article-title":"Role of emergency thoracotomy in the resuscitation of moribund trauma victims: 100 consecutive cases","volume":"142","author":"Harnar","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-7940(03)00006-X","article-title":"Delayed pericardial effusion following stab wounds to the chest","volume":"23","author":"Harris","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199403000-00010","article-title":"Cardiac injuries: analysis of an unselected series of 152 cases","volume":"36","author":"Henderson","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199902000-00033","article-title":"Systemic air embolism after lung trauma","volume":"90","author":"Ho","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anaesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib42","series-title":"Wehrchirurgische behandlung verwundeter und verletzter","author":"Hoche","year":"1940"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1975.tb111746.x","article-title":"The pattern of injuries in 470 pedestrians killed in road traffic accidents","volume":"1","author":"Hossack","year":"1975","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199108000-00005","article-title":"Directed emergency room thoracotomy: a prognostic prerequisite for survival","volume":"31","author":"Ivatury","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198104000-00004","article-title":"Emergency thoracoscopy: a logical approach to chest trauma management","volume":"21","author":"Jones","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.262.4.516","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency virus infection in emergency department patients: epidemiology, clinical presentations, and risk to healthcare workers","volume":"262","author":"Kelen","year":"1989","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-196111000-00006","article-title":"Patterns of thoracic injuries in fatal traffic accidents","volume":"1","author":"Kemmer","year":"1961","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(10)63946-X","article-title":"Indications for early thoracotomy in the management of chest trauma","volume":"22","author":"Kish","year":"1976","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1960.03020280004002","article-title":"External cardiac resuscitation","volume":"173","author":"Kouwenhoven","year":"1960","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200203000-00022","article-title":"Incidence, severity, and patterns of intrathoracic and intra-abdominal injuries in motorcycle crashes","volume":"52","author":"Kraus","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1177\/146040860100300205","article-title":"Thoracoscopy in chest trauma: an update","volume":"3","author":"Lepp\u00e4niemi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(91)90149-9","article-title":"Should emergency room thoracotomy be reserved for cases of cardiac tamponade?","volume":"22","author":"Lewis","year":"1991","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6109(16)44730-4","article-title":"Epidemiology of chest trauma","volume":"69","author":"LoCicero","year":"1989","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199206000-00020","article-title":"Emergency thoracotomy: survival correlates with physiological status","volume":"32","author":"Lorenz","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199305000-00014","article-title":"Cardiac stapling in the management of penetrating injuries of the heart: rapid control of haemorrhage and decreased risk of personal contamination","volume":"34","author":"Macho","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib56","series-title":"Trauma","first-page":"21","article-title":"Epidemiology","author":"MacKenzie","year":"2000"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199301000-00028","article-title":"Early evacuation of clotted blood in haemothorax using thoracoscopy: case reports","volume":"34","author":"Mancini","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0361-1124(74)80114-0","article-title":"Performing thoracotomy in the emergency centre","volume":"3","author":"Mattox","year":"1974","journal-title":"JACEP"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib59","first-page":"213","article-title":"Newer diagnostic measures and emergency management","volume":"7","author":"Mattox","year":"1997","journal-title":"Chest Surg Clin North Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib60","first-page":"74","article-title":"Penetrating injuries of the heart","volume":"39","author":"McFarlane","year":"1990","journal-title":"West Ind Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/S0950-3501(05)80233-8","article-title":"Management of chest injuries","volume":"6","author":"McManus","year":"1992","journal-title":"Bailliere's Clin Anaesthesiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200110000-00008","article-title":"Current opinion regarding indications for emergency department thoracotomy","volume":"51","author":"Miglietta","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.9.2.190","article-title":"Intracardiac therapy following emergency thoracotomy in the accident and emergency department: an experimental model","volume":"9","author":"Moulton","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198402000-00007","article-title":"A prospective study of 413 consecutive car occupants with chest injury","volume":"24","author":"Newman","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib65","series-title":"Cardiothoracic trauma","first-page":"138","article-title":"Thoracotomy","author":"Odell","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib66","first-page":"289","article-title":"Efficacy of urgent thoracotomy for trauma in patients attended by a helicopter emergency medical service","volume":"39","author":"Purkiss","year":"1994","journal-title":"J R Coll Surg Edinb"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib67","first-page":"315","article-title":"Ueber penetrirende herzwunden und herznaht","volume":"55","author":"Rehn","year":"1897","journal-title":"Arch Klin Chir"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/S1072-7515(99)00233-1","article-title":"Survival after emergency department thoracotomy: review of published data from the past 25 years","volume":"190","author":"Rhee","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib69","series-title":"ABC of major trauma","first-page":"16","article-title":"Chest injuries","author":"Rooney","year":"2000"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198910000-00004","article-title":"Emergency department thoracotomy in children\u2014a critical analysis","volume":"29","author":"Rothenberg","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.152.2.7633748","article-title":"Systemic gas embolism complicating pulmonary contusion: diagnosis and management using transeosophageal echocardiography","volume":"152","author":"Saada","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(94)90105-8","article-title":"Surgical management of major thoracic injuries","volume":"25","author":"Sayers","year":"1994","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199903000-00022","article-title":"Focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST): results from an international consensus conference","volume":"46","author":"Scalea","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199303000-00002","article-title":"Emergency department thoracotomy in children: rationale for selective application","volume":"34","author":"Sheikh","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib75","first-page":"754","article-title":"Haemodynamic alterations in acute cardiac tamponade after penetrating injuries to the heart","volume":"67","author":"Shoemaker","year":"1970","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199505000-00010","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus seroprevalence in an urban trauma population","volume":"38","author":"Sloan","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198501000-00011","article-title":"Prehospital stabilization of the critically injured patient: a failed concept","volume":"25","author":"Smith","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)42812-2","article-title":"Penetrating wounds of the heart: an analysis of 459 cases","volume":"56","author":"Sugg","year":"1968","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(10)62233-3","article-title":"Management of penetrating cardiac injuries: the role of emergency room thoracotomy","volume":"38","author":"Tavares","year":"1984","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199105023241806","article-title":"Initial treatment of patients with extensive trauma","volume":"324","author":"Trunkey","year":"1991","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib81","series-title":"Scientific foundations of trauma","first-page":"127","article-title":"Non-penetrating injury of the thorax","author":"Vlessis","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib82","series-title":"Cardiothoracic trauma","first-page":"154","article-title":"Penetrating trauma: the heart and major vessels","author":"Von Oppell","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199401000-00025","article-title":"Successful roadside resuscitative thoracotomy: case report and literature review","volume":"136","author":"Wall","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib84","series-title":"Trauma","first-page":"473","article-title":"Indications for thoracotomy","author":"Wall","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)39680-1","article-title":"Distribution of intramyocardial blood flow during pericardial tamponade","volume":"68","author":"Wechsler","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(10)65260-5","article-title":"Myocardial effects of pericardial tamponade","volume":"14","author":"Wertheimer","year":"1972","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib87","series-title":"Cardiothoracic trauma","first-page":"3","article-title":"The pathophysiology of chest trauma","author":"Westaby","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)37499-9","article-title":"Management of air embolism in blunt and penetrating thoracic trauma","volume":"85","author":"Yee","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.109.4.1099","article-title":"Routine video-assisted thoracoscopy prior to thoracotomy","volume":"109","author":"Yim","year":"1996","journal-title":"Chest"}],"container-title":["Injury"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0020138305000537?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0020138305000537?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]],"date-time":"2023-05-02T21:20:24Z","timestamp":1683062424000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0020138305000537"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"references-count":89,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0020138305000537"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-1383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-1383","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]}}}