{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T06:28:43Z","timestamp":1778048923781,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["injuryjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Injury"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,13]],"date-time":"2014-01-13T22:24:56Z","timestamp":1389651896000},"page":"885-889","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Lower genitourinary trauma in modern warfare: The experience from civil violence in Iraq"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Issam S.","family":"Al-Azzawi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mamdouh M.","family":"Koraitim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)62390-5","article-title":"Vietnam experience with 252 urological war injuries","volume":"101","author":"Salvatierra","year":"1969","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1097\/00005392-199501000-00043","article-title":"Urogenital wounds during the war in Croatia in 1991\/1992","volume":"153","author":"Tucak","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2004.11.031","article-title":"Battlefield urogenital injuries: changing patterns during the past century","volume":"65","author":"Hudak","year":"2005","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)68918-5","article-title":"Pelvic fracture urethral injuries: the unresolved controversy","volume":"161","author":"Koraitim","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2007.01.132","article-title":"Genitourinary trauma at a combat support hospital during Operation Iraqi Freedom: the impact of body armor","volume":"177","author":"Paquette","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e318163b875","article-title":"Combat wounds in operation Iraqi Freedom and operation Enduring Freedom","volume":"64","author":"Owens","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181e45cd1","article-title":"Combat urologic trauma in US military oversees contingency operations","volume":"69","author":"Serkin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2311","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000089241.71369.fa","article-title":"Management of trauma to the male external genitalia: the usefulness of American Association for the surgery of trauma organ injury scales","volume":"170","author":"Mohr","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(97)00238-0","article-title":"The international index of erectile function (IIEF): a multidimensional scale for assessment of erectile dysfunction","volume":"49","author":"Rosen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000140278.78500.5e","article-title":"Urological injuries in the Civil War","volume":"172","author":"Herr","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000051220.77880.64","article-title":"Surgical management of urogenital injuries at a war hospital in Bosnia\u2013Herzegovina, 1992 to 1995","volume":"169","author":"Hudolin","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000155504.88987.14","article-title":"Urethral injuries in the Civil War","volume":"173","author":"Herr","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)69886-0","article-title":"Urogenital wounds in an evacuation hospital","volume":"55","author":"Marshall","year":"1946","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199105000-00016","article-title":"Ballistic trauma to the abdomen: shell fragments versus bullets","volume":"31","author":"Georgi","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0075","first-page":"1","article-title":"Ballistic injuries in the emergency department","volume":"13","author":"Bruner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Emerg Med Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2008.03.028","article-title":"A review of casualties during the Iraqi insurgency 2006 \u2013 a British field hospital experience","volume":"40","author":"Ramasamy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181848cf6","article-title":"Injuries from roadside improvised explosive devices","volume":"65","author":"Ramasamy","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e318180a3f7","article-title":"Abdominal trauma after terrorist bombing attacks exhibit a unique pattern of injury","volume":"248","author":"Bala","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e318250bfb4","article-title":"Combat wounds in Iraq and Afghanistan from 2005 to 2009","volume":"73","author":"Belmont","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)62318-8","article-title":"Urogenital wounds in Vietnam","volume":"101","author":"Ochsner","year":"1969","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0105","first-page":"139","article-title":"Firearm wounds of the lower urinary tract in men. Surgical management in emergency context","volume":"134","author":"Mianne","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Chir (Paris)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)69896-3","article-title":"War wounds of the urogenital tract","volume":"55","author":"Kimbrough","year":"1946","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000133638.30269.38","article-title":"Army Forward Surgical Team's experience in Operation Iraqi Freedom","volume":"57","author":"Patel","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1680","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e318231bce7","article-title":"Neurological, functional, and biomechanical characteristics after high-velocity behind armor blunt trauma of the spine","volume":"71","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8627(05)70346-1","article-title":"Civilian gunshot wounds and ballistics: dispelling the myths","volume":"16","author":"Fackler","year":"1998","journal-title":"Emerg Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1408","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000103691.68995.04","article-title":"Ballistics for physicians: myths about wound ballistics and gunshot injuries","volume":"171","author":"Santucci","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-005-0073-7","article-title":"Gunshot-related transport of micro-organisms from the skin of the entrance region into the bullet path","volume":"120","author":"Perdekamp","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1227\/01.neu.0000316015.05550.7a","article-title":"Ballistics for the neurosurgeon","volume":"62","author":"Jandial","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(01)00136-X","article-title":"Contamination of ballistic fractures: an in vitro model","volume":"33","author":"Clasper","year":"2002","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2009.02.150","article-title":"Operative management of wartime genitourinary injuries at Balad Air Force theater hospital","volume":"182","author":"Hudac","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1038\/ijir.2008.59","article-title":"Penetrating trauma to the external genitalia in Operation Iraqi Freedom","volume":"21","author":"Waxman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Impot Res"}],"container-title":["Injury"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0020138314000187?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0020138314000187?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,6]],"date-time":"2019-08-06T08:56:20Z","timestamp":1565081780000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0020138314000187"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0020138314000187"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-1383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-1383","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Lower genitourinary trauma in modern warfare: The experience from civil violence in Iraq","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Injury","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2014.01.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}