{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T05:35:02Z","timestamp":1775626502255,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]],"date-time":"2019-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569888000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]],"date-time":"2019-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569888000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","injuryjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Injury"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T11:15:17Z","timestamp":1564658117000},"page":"32-39","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"special_numbering":"S3","title":["Evaluation of the clinical use of the ETN PROtect\u00ae in non-union therapy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Arash","family":"Moghaddam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Weis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Haubruck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tim Friedrich","family":"Raven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayoub","family":"Addali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Schmidmaier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000163836.66906.74","article-title":"Path analysis of factors for delayed healing and nonunion in 416 operatively treated tibial shaft fractures","volume":"438","author":"Audige","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0010","first-page":"659","article-title":"Long bone nonunion","volume":"153","author":"Schmidmaier","year":"2015","journal-title":"Z Orthop Unfall"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2011.11.001","article-title":"Treatment of posttraumatic bone defects by the induced membrane technique","volume":"98","author":"Karger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.2147\/TCRM.S107398","article-title":"Patients\u2019 safety: is there a systemic release of gentamicin by gentamicin-coated tibia nails in clinical use?","volume":"12","author":"Moghaddam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ther Clin Risk Manag"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(15)30017-6","article-title":"Treatment of atrophic tibia non-unions according to \u2018diamond concept\u2019: results of one- and two-step treatment","volume":"46","author":"Moghaddam","year":"2015","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/s00132-016-3305-2","article-title":"Tibial defects and infected non-unions: treatment results after Masquelet technique","volume":"46","author":"Moghaddam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Orthopade"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2011.05.011","article-title":"Cigarette smoking influences the clinical and occupational outcome of patients with tibial shaft fractures","volume":"42","author":"Moghaddam","year":"2011","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-011-1321-6","article-title":"The use of gentamicin-coated nails in the tibia: preliminary results of a prospective study","volume":"131","author":"Fuchs","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2006.04.016","article-title":"Prophylaxis and treatment of implant-related infections by antibiotic-coated implants: a review","volume":"37","author":"Schmidmaier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0050","first-page":"111","article-title":"Implementation of a short course of prophylactic antibiotic treatment for prevention of postoperative infections in clean orthopaedic surgeries","volume":"137","author":"Mathur","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2006.04.016","article-title":"Prophylaxis and treatment of implant-related infections by antibiotic-coated implants: a review","volume":"37","author":"Schmidmaier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1177\/0954411914556137","article-title":"Bacterial adherence and biofilm formation on medical implants: a review","volume":"228","author":"Veerachamy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Inst Mech Eng H"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1177\/00912709922008506","article-title":"Microbial biofilms: their development and significance for medical device-related infections","volume":"39","author":"Habash","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bot.0000161542.93624.8d","article-title":"Infection after reamed intramedullary nailing of the tibia: a case series review","volume":"19","author":"Petrisor","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.2174\/1874325001307010219","article-title":"Management of infection after intramedullary nailing of long bone fractures: treatment protocols and outcomes","volume":"7","author":"Makridis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Open Orthop J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1080\/07388550802262197","article-title":"Microbial biosynthesis and applications of gentamicin: a critical appraisal","volume":"28","author":"Kumar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Crit Rev Biotechnol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2645","DOI":"10.1007\/s00894-011-1289-8","article-title":"Aminoglycoside induced nephrotoxicity: molecular modeling studies of calreticulin-gentamicin complex","volume":"18","author":"Hariprasad","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Mol Model"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.281053","article-title":"World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects","volume":"310","author":"World Medical A","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0095","series-title":"How to score version 2 of the SF-12 health survey (with a supplement documenting version 1). Lincoln, R.I.","author":"Ware","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0100","series-title":"Antibiotic coated implants in the management of risk patients","author":"Montali","year":"2012"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2006.04.015","article-title":"Prophylaxis and treatment of implant-related infections by local application of antibiotics","volume":"37","author":"Diefenbeck","year":"2006","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S59","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(08)70016-0","article-title":"Classification of non-union: need for a new scoring system?","volume":"39","author":"Calori","year":"2008","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"Suppl. 4","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(08)70003-2","article-title":"Fracture healing: the diamond concept","volume":"38","author":"Giannoudis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(08)70010-X","article-title":"The diamond concept--open questions","volume":"39","author":"Giannoudis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0125","first-page":"346","article-title":"[Reconstruction of the long bones by the induced membrane and spongy autograft","volume":"45","author":"Masquelet","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Chir Plast Esthet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.98B1.35682","article-title":"Treatment of nonunions in fractures of the humeral shaft according to the Diamond Concept","volume":"98-B","author":"Miska","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"issue":"Suppl. 8","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S23","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(15)30051-6","article-title":"RIA fractions contain mesenchymal stroma cells with high osteogenic potency","volume":"46","author":"Kuehlfluck","year":"2015","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1007\/s00113-011-2100-0","article-title":"Results of nonunion treatment with bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7)","volume":"115","author":"Moghaddam-Alvandi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Der Unfallchirurg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-013-3043-3","article-title":"Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging can assess vascularity within fracture non-unions and predicts good outcome","volume":"24","author":"Schoierer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-200503000-00001","article-title":"Impact of smoking on fracture healing and risk of complications in limb-threatening open tibia fractures","volume":"19","author":"Castillo","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"October (10)","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2017.08.012","article-title":"Circumferential bone grafting around an absorbable gelatin sponge core reduced the amount of grafted bone in the induced membrane technique for critical-size defects of long bones","volume":"48","author":"Cho","year":"2017","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"July (7)","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1616","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2017.03.042","article-title":"Masquelet technique versus Ilizarov bone transport for reconstruction of lower extremity bone defects following posttraumatic osteomyelitis","volume":"48","author":"Tong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"November (11)","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2075","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2018.07.033","article-title":"Prediction of tibial nonunion at the 6-week time point","volume":"49","author":"Ross","year":"2018","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"October (10)","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1905","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2018.07.024","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors associated with infection after intramedullary nailing of femoral and tibial diaphyseal fractures: prospective study","volume":"49","author":"Oliveira","year":"2018","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"October (10)","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2018.07.016","article-title":"Antibiotic coated hinged threaded rods in the treatment of infected nonunions and intramedullary long bone infections","volume":"49","author":"Cho","year":"2018","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"December (4)","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2018.11.017","article-title":"Masquelet technique to treat a septic nonunion after nailing of a femoral open fracture","volume":"49","author":"Stella","year":"2018","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2017.07.008","article-title":"Clinical experiences in the use of a gentamicin-coated titanium nail in tibia fractures","volume":"48","author":"Schmidmaier","year":"2017","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S72","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(10)70014-0","article-title":"Reamer-irrigator-aspirator bone graft and bi Masquelet technique for segmental bone defect nonunions: a review of 25 cases","volume":"41","author":"Stafford","year":"2010","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1025","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20151020-12","article-title":"Acute management of open fractures: an evidence-based review","volume":"38","author":"Halawi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2006.04.003","article-title":"Staphylococci and implant surfaces: a review","volume":"37","author":"Harris","year":"2006","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0205","first-page":"135","article-title":"Evaluation of implant sonication as a diagnostic tool in implant-associated infections","volume":"12","author":"Dapunt","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Appl Biomater Funct Mater"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-014-2293-2","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of the additional benefit of local prophylactic antibiotic therapy for infection rates in open tibia fractures treated with intramedullary nailing","volume":"38","author":"Craig","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"Suppl. 5","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S18","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(11)70128-0","article-title":"Management of bone infections in adults: the surgeon\u2019s and microbiologist\u2019s perspectives","volume":"42","author":"Mouzopoulos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2015.09.028","article-title":"The use of gentamicin-coated nails in complex open tibia fracture and revision cases: a retrospective analysis of a single centre case series and review of the literature","volume":"46","author":"Metsemakers","year":"2015","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2013.04.018","article-title":"Local gentamicin application does not interfere with bone healing in a rat model","volume":"55","author":"Fassbender","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0230","series-title":"Duale Reihe Orthop\u00e4die und Unfallchirurgie: Thieme Georg Verlag","author":"Niethard","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0235","series-title":"Evaluation der klinischen Ergebnisse eines gentamicin-beschichteten Titan-Marknagels (ETN PROtect) zur Behandlung von Tibiafrakturen und -pseudarthrosen","author":"Fl\u00f6rsch","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.2147\/TCRM.S91532","article-title":"Are atrophic long-bone nonunions associated with low-grade infections?","volume":"11","author":"Dapunt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ther Clin Risk Manag"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.11.117","article-title":"Scenery of Staphylococcus implant infections in orthopedics","volume":"6","author":"Montanaro","year":"2011","journal-title":"Future Microbiol"}],"container-title":["Injury"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0020138319304085?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0020138319304085?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T06:25:18Z","timestamp":1758090318000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0020138319304085"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["S0020138319304085"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-1383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-1383","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evaluation of the clinical use of the ETN PROtect\u00ae in non-union therapy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Injury","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}