{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T03:28:26Z","timestamp":1784777306401,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"13-14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,1]],"date-time":"2008-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1228089600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,1]],"date-time":"2008-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1228089600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Immunopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,7]],"date-time":"2008-09-07T15:12:45Z","timestamp":1220800365000},"page":"1721-1727","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Protective role of ascorbic acid isolated from Cissus quadrangularis on NSAID induced toxicity through immunomodulating response and growth factors expression"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Mallika","family":"Jainu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunju Vijai","family":"Mohan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(01)00461-9","article-title":"Incidence of serious upper gastrointestinal bleeding\/perforation in the general population: review of epidemiologic studies","volume":"55","author":"Hernandez-Diaz","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1007\/s002689900401","article-title":"Cytokines in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"22","author":"Rogler","year":"1998","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2004.10.048","article-title":"Effect of ascorbic acid-releasing acetyl salicylic acid on gastric mucosal damage before and after H. Pylori eradication therapy","volume":"506","author":"Konturek","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2004.10.019","article-title":"Angiogenesis, cell proliferation and apoptosis in gastric ulcer healing. Effect of a selective COX-2 inhibitor","volume":"505","author":"Sanchez-Fidalgo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(01)80112-0","article-title":"Rofecoxib: clinical pharmacology and clinical experience","volume":"23","author":"Weaver","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2003.06.011","article-title":"Tochu (Eucommia ulmoides) leaf extract prevents ammonia and ascorbic acid deficiency induced gastric mucosal injury","volume":"73","author":"Yang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib7","series-title":"Ayurvedic Drugs and their plant sources","first-page":"496","author":"Sivarajan","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib8","first-page":"165","volume":"12","author":"Udupa","year":"1970"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib9","series-title":"Indian Medicinal Plants (Third revised and enlarged ed.)","first-page":"841","author":"Kritikar","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib10","first-page":"33","article-title":"Pharmacognostical studies on Cissus quadrangularis L. variant I and II","volume":"23465","author":"Austin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ancient Sci Life"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib11","first-page":"372","article-title":"Effect of Cissus quadrangularis on gastric mucosal defensive factors in experimentally induced gastric ulcer \u2014 a comparative study with sucralfate","volume":"7","author":"Jainu","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Med Food"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib12","first-page":"205","article-title":"Constituents of Cissus quadrangularis Linn","volume":"11","author":"Pluemaj","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(65)90148-7","article-title":"The effect of phytogenic anabolic steroid in the acceleration of fracture repairs","volume":"4","author":"Udupa","year":"1965","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib14","first-page":"39","article-title":"Subchronic toxicity of Cissus quadrangularis Linn","volume":"24","author":"Attawish","year":"2000","journal-title":"Songklanakarin J Sci Tech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.2001.5165","article-title":"A high performance liquid chromatography-radio method for determination of L-AA and Guanosine5'-Diphosphate-L-Galactose, key metabolism of the plant ascorbic acid pathway","volume":"294","author":"Wolucka","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib16","first-page":"337","article-title":"The effect of 3-methoxy 5,7,3 tetrahydroxy flavan on the restraint induced gastric ulceration augmented by a gastric mucosal barrier breaker","volume":"41","author":"Parmar","year":"1983","journal-title":"Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(83)80022-5","article-title":"Role of the adrenal cortex in gastric mucosal protection by prostaglandins, sulphydryls and cimetidine in the rat","volume":"85","author":"Szabo","year":"1983","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(89)80079-4","article-title":"Hapten-induced model of chronic inflammation and ulceration in the rat colon","volume":"96","author":"Morris","year":"1989","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib19","first-page":"91","article-title":"Protein A, avidin and biotin in immunohistochemistry","volume":"18","author":"Hsu","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703327","article-title":"Cyclo-oxygenase-2 enhances basic fibroblast growth factor-induced angiogenesis through induction of vascular endothelial growth factor in rat sponge implants","volume":"130","author":"Majima","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13243","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.202392199","article-title":"Divergent effects of new cyclooxygenase inhibitors on gastric ulcer healing: shifting the angiogenic balance","volume":"99","author":"Ma","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)92341-E","article-title":"Inhibitory effect of NSAIDs on mucosal cell proliferation associated with gastric ulcer healing","volume":"336","author":"Levi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib23","series-title":"Phenolic compounds in food and their effects on health","first-page":"54","article-title":"Natural antioxidants from plant material","author":"Pratt","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib24","first-page":"43","article-title":"Potent antiulcerogenic activity of methanol extract of Cissus quadrangularis by antioxidative mechanism","volume":"34","author":"Mallika","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Biochem Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92642","DOI":"10.1155\/MI\/2006\/92642","article-title":"Effects of Ginkgo Biloba extract on inflammatory mediators (SOD, MDA, TNF-\u03b1, NF-kBp65, IL-6) in TNBS-induced colitis in rats","volume":"5","author":"Zhou","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.144.4.1425","article-title":"Cytolytic mechanism of activated macrophages. Tumor necrosis factor and-arginine-dependent mechanisms act synergistically as the major cytolytic mechanisms of activated macrophages","volume":"144","author":"Higuchi","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(93)91063-N","article-title":"Peroxynitrite-induced rat colitis \u2014 a new model of colonic inflammation","volume":"105","author":"Rachmilewitz","year":"1993","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.15.1.323","article-title":"Nitric oxide and macrophage function","volume":"15","author":"Macmicking","year":"1997","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2006.04.011","article-title":"Gastroprotective action of Cissus quadrangularis extract against NSAID induced gastric ulcer: role of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative damage","volume":"161","author":"Mallika","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol Interact"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-4257(00)00146-7","article-title":"Growth factors in ulcer healing: lessons from recent studies","volume":"94","author":"Szabo","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Physiol Paris"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(95)90087-X","article-title":"Epidermal growth factor-b related peptides and their relevance to gastrointestinal pathophysiology","volume":"108","author":"Bernard","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2003.09.051","article-title":"The healing effect of TGF-a on gastric ulcer induced by acetyl salicylic acid in rats","volume":"277","author":"Yetkin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-007-1595-z","article-title":"Prostaglandin E2 stimulates VEGF expression in primary rat gastric fibroblasts through EP4 receptors","volume":"15","author":"Hatazawa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G788","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00131.2007","article-title":"Cyclooxygenase-2\/prostaglandin E2 accelerates the healing of gastric ulcers via EP4 receptors","volume":"293","author":"Hatazawa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2001.00975.x","article-title":"Role of reactive oxygen metabolites in aspirin induced gastric damage in humans, gastroprotection by ascorbic acid","volume":"15","author":"Pohle","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ali Pharm Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764-200003000-00005","article-title":"Effect of ascorbic acid and growth factors on collagen metabolism of flexor retinaculum cells from individuals with and without carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"42","author":"Allampallam","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00762780","article-title":"Ascorbate on cell growth and differentiation","volume":"26","author":"Alcain","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Bioenerg Biomemb"}],"container-title":["International Immunopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567576908002439?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567576908002439?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T17:05:23Z","timestamp":1761584723000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1567576908002439"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13-14","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1567576908002439"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["1567-5769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1567-5769","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Protective role of ascorbic acid isolated from Cissus quadrangularis on NSAID induced toxicity through immunomodulating response and growth factors expression","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Immunopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.08.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}